Microarray analysis of subcutaneous adipose tissue obtained in 27 moderate obese women
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE112307 | GEO | 2018/03/27
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The mechanisms responsible for weight loss-induced improvement in insulin sensitivity are partially understood. Greater insight can now be achieved through deep phenotyping and data integration. Here, we used an integrative approach to investigate associations between changes in insulin sensitivity and variations in lifestyle factors (diet and physical activity), subcutaneous adipose tissue (sAT) gene expression, metabolomics in serum, urine and feces, and gut microbiota composition after a 6-week calorie restriction period in overweight and obese adults. A spectrum of variables from lifestyle factors, gut microbiota and host multi-omics most associated with insulin sensitivity was identified. These analyses highlight associations between variations in insulin sensitivity, serum branched chain amino acids, sAT genes involved in endoplasmic reticulum stress and ubiquitination, and gut metagenomic species. This work has enhanced previous knowledge on mechanistic links between host glucose homeostasis, lifestyle factors and microbiota, and has identified modifiable factors and biomarkers that may be used to predict and improve individual response to weight loss interventions.
2021-02-11 | MTBLS653 | MetaboLights
Project description:Lifestyle intervention can improve insulin sensitivity in obese youth yet few studies have examined the biological mechanisms underlying improvements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore biological pathways associated with intervention-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity. Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese (BMI percentile=96.3M-BM-11.1) Latino adolescents (15.0M-BM-10.9 years) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and 180 minutes of moderate-vigorous exercise per week. Insulin sensitivity, estimated by an oral glucose tolerance test and the Matsuda Index, increased 29.2% post intervention (2.4M-BM-10.3 to 3.1M-BM-10.3, p=0.01). Global microarray analysis profiling from whole blood was performed to examine changes in gene expression and to explore biological pathways that were significantly changed in response to the intervention. A total of 1,459 probes corresponding to mRNA transcripts (717 up, 742 down) were differentially expressed with a fold changeM-bM-^IM-%1.2 and P<0.05. Among the genes identified were hexokinase 3 (HK3), ATPase, H+ transporting V0 subunit e2 (ATPV0E), and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (ESAM). There were 8 pathways identified that met the criteria for significance, including insulin signaling, type 1 diabetes, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Participants that increased insulin sensitivity exhibited five times the number of significant genes altered compared to non-responders (1,144 vs. 230). These findings offer insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying health improvements among high-risk Latino youth. Lifestyle interventions may contribute to improved insulin sensitivity through pathways related to insulin signaling and immune response. Further, genetic factors may mediate response to lifestyle intervention. Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese Latino Youth Whole blood RNA samples evaluated pre and post intervention.
2013-11-04 | E-GEOD-50800 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Obesity, a major risk factor for chronic diseases, is related to dsyfunctional adipose tissue signaling. First human trials suggest benefits of intermittent calorie restriction diet (ICR) in chronic disease prevention that may exceed those of continuous calorie restriction diet (CCR), even at equal net calorie intake. The effect of intermittent calorie restriction on adipose tissue signaling has not been investigated to date. Thus we initiated a randomized controlled trial to analyze the effect of ICR (eu-caloric diet on five days and two days per week with energy restriction of 75%), CCR (daily energy restriction of 20%) and a control group on subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) gene expression. 150 overweight or obese non-smoking adults (50 per group, 50% women) were randomly asiged to one of the study arms. SAT biopsies were taken before and after the 12 week intervention phase.
2019-03-01 | E-MTAB-5926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Lifestyle intervention can improve insulin sensitivity in obese youth yet few studies have examined the biological mechanisms underlying improvements. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to explore biological pathways associated with intervention-induced improvements in insulin sensitivity. Fifteen (7M/8F) overweight/obese (BMI percentile=96.3±1.1) Latino adolescents (15.0±0.9 years) completed a 12-week lifestyle intervention that included weekly nutrition education and 180 minutes of moderate-vigorous exercise per week. Insulin sensitivity, estimated by an oral glucose tolerance test and the Matsuda Index, increased 29.2% post intervention (2.4±0.3 to 3.1±0.3, p=0.01). Global microarray analysis profiling from whole blood was performed to examine changes in gene expression and to explore biological pathways that were significantly changed in response to the intervention. A total of 1,459 probes corresponding to mRNA transcripts (717 up, 742 down) were differentially expressed with a fold change≥1.2 and P<0.05. Among the genes identified were hexokinase 3 (HK3), ATPase, H+ transporting V0 subunit e2 (ATPV0E), and sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), and endothelial cell adhesion molecule (ESAM). There were 8 pathways identified that met the criteria for significance, including insulin signaling, type 1 diabetes, and glycerophospholipid metabolism. Participants that increased insulin sensitivity exhibited five times the number of significant genes altered compared to non-responders (1,144 vs. 230). These findings offer insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying health improvements among high-risk Latino youth. Lifestyle interventions may contribute to improved insulin sensitivity through pathways related to insulin signaling and immune response. Further, genetic factors may mediate response to lifestyle intervention.
2013-11-04 | GSE50800 | GEO
Project description:Severe obesity (SO) affects about 6% of youth in US, augmenting the risks for cardiovascular disease and Type 2 diabetes. Herein, we obtained paired omental (omVAT) and abdominal subcutaneous (SAT) adipose tissue biopsies from obese girls with SO, undergoing sleeve gastrectomy (SG), to test whether differences in cellular and transcriptomic profiles between omVAT and SAT depots affect insulin sensitivity differentially. Following weight loss, these analyses were repeated in a subgroup of subjects having a second SAT biopsy. We found that omVAT displayed smaller adipocytes compared to SAT, increased lipolysis through adipose triglyceride lipase (ATGL) phosphorylation, reduced inflammation and increased expression of browning/beige markers. Contrary to omVAT, SAT adipocyte diameter correlated with insulin resistance. Following SG, both weight and insulin sensitivity improved markedly in all subjects. SAT adipocytes size became smaller showing an increased lipolysis through perilipin-1 phosphorylation, decreased inflammation and increased expression in browning/beige markers. In summary, in adolescent girls with SO, both omVAT and SAT depots showed distinct cellular and transcriptomic profiles. Following weight loss, the SAT depot changed its cellular morphology and transcriptomic profiles into a more favorable one. These changes in the SAT depot may play a fundamental role in the resolution of insulin resistance.
2020-05-19 | GSE145284 | GEO
Project description:Context: It is not known whether biological differences reported between subcutaneous (SAT) and visceral (VAT) adipose tissue depots underlie the pathogenicity of visceral fat. Objective: We compared SAT and VAT gene expression according to obesity, visceral fat accumulation, insulin resistance and presence of the metabolic syndrome. Design: Subjects were assigned into 4 groups (lean, overweight, obese and obese with metabolic syndrome). Setting: Subjects were recruited at a university hospital. Patients: 32 women were included. Main Outcome Measures: Anthropometric measurements, euglycemic hyperinsulinemic clamps, blood analyses and computed tomography scans were performed and paired samples of SAT and VAT were obtained for DNA microarray-based gene expression profiling.
2010-12-07 | GSE24883 | GEO
Project description:Mild cold acclimation increases insulin sensitivity and previous studies indicate that some level of muscle contraction is essential for provoking this effect. Here, 15 adults with overweight or obesity, the majority of which had impaired glucose tolerance (n=9), were intermittently cold exposed for 10 consecutive days to induce 1 hour of shivering per day. Cold acclimation with shivering improved oral glucose tolerance, blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglyceride, and non-esterified free-fatty acid concentrations, and may thus represent a novel lifestyle approach for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related metabolic disorders.
2024-09-24 | GSE271452 | GEO
Project description:BACKGROUND AND AIMS: It is proposed that impaired expansion of subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), caused in part by an increase in adipose tissue fibrosis, redirects fatty acids to the liver and other organs, leading to ectopic lipid accumulation and insulin resistance. We therefore evaluated whether a decrease in SAT expandability, assessed by measuring SAT lipogenesis (triglyceride production), and an increase in SAT fibrogenesis (collagen production) are associated with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and insulin resistance in people with obesity. APPROACH AND RESULTS: In vivo SAT lipogenesis and fibrogenesis, the expression of SAT genes involved in extracellular matrix (ECM) formation, and insulin sensitivity were assessed in three groups stratified by adiposity, insulin sensitivity and intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) content: 1) healthy lean (Lean-NL; n=12); 2) obese with normal IHTG content and normal glucose tolerance (Ob-NL; n=25); and 3) obese with NAFLD and abnormal glucose metabolism (Ob-NAFLD; n=25). Abdominal SAT total triglyceride synthesis rates were greater in the Ob-NL (65.9±4.6 g/wk) and Ob-NAFLD (71.1±6.7 g/wk) than the Lean-NL group (16.2±2.8 g/wk), without a difference between the obese groups. Abdominal SAT collagen synthesis rate and the composite expression of collagen genes progressively increased from Lean-NL to Ob-NL to Ob-NAFLD and were greater in the Ob-NAFLD than the Ob-NL group (P<0.05). Collagen synthesis rate and the composite expression of collagen genes correlated with factors that regulate collagen production, including circulating insulin and fibrogenic factors in SAT (all P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Adipose tissue lipogenesis and expandability are not impaired in people with obesity and NAFLD. However, SAT fibrogenesis and extracellular matrix remodeling are greater in people with obesity and NAFLD than in those with obesity and normal IHTG content. ClinicalTrials.gov number: NCT02706262.
2021-10-01 | GSE159924 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the regulation of adipose tissue (AT) gene expression during different phases of a dietary weight loss program and its relationship with insulin sensitivity. Obese women followed a weight reduction program composed of an energy restriction phase (ER) with a 4-week very-low-calorie diet and a weight stabilization period (WS) composed of a 2-month low-calorie diet followed by 3 to 4 months of a weight maintenance diet. At each time point, body composition, plasma parameters and glucose disposal rate were assessed and subcutaneous AT biopsies were performed. Variations in mRNA levels were determined using DNA microarrays and reverse transcription-quantitative PCR. Distinct sets of AT genes are regulated during calorie restriction and weight stabilization revealing an unexpected temporal pattern in the link between AT and insulin sensitivity during weight loss.
2009-05-12 | GSE11975 | GEO
Project description:Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to improve skeletal muscle mitochondrial function and completeness of fatty acid β-oxidation which contribute to improved insulin sensitivity. The effectiveness of acute exercise on improving mitochondrial adaptations, leading to improved insulin sensitivity, in overweight/obese (Ov/Ob) individuals is controversial. This study aimed to determine the effects of acute exercise on epigenetic regulation of genes involved in skeletal muscle mitochondrial adaptations in lean vs Ov/Ob men.
2017-12-30 | GSE108643 | GEO