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The Hyphal Associated Adhesin and Invasin Als3 of Candida albicans Mediates Iron Acquisition from Host Ferritin

ABSTRACT: Iron sequestration by host iron-binding proteins is an important mechanism of resistance to microbial infections. Inside oral epithelial cells, iron is stored within the ferritin, and is therefore usually not accessible to pathogenic microbes. We observed that the ferritin concentration within oral epithelial cells was directly related to their susceptibility to damage by the human pathogenic fungus Candida albicans. Thus, we hypothesized that host ferritin may be used as an iron source by this organism. A screen of C. albicans mutants lacking components of each of the three iron acquisition systems revealed that only the reductive pathway is involved in iron utilization from ferritin by this organism. Transcriptional profiling of wild-type and hyphal-defective C. albicans strains suggested that the C. albicans invasin-like protein Als3 plays a role in ferritin binding.

ORGANISM(S): Candida albicans

PROVIDER: GSE11490 | GEO | 2008/05/20

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA106421

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Sepsis-associated acute kidney injury (SA-AKI) is a key contributor to the life threatening sequalae attributed to sepsis. Mechanistically, SA-AKI is a consequence of unabated myeloid cell activation and oxidative stress that induces tubular injury. Iron mediates inflammatory pathways directly and through regulating the expression of myeloid-derived ferritin, an iron storage protein comprised of ferritin light (FtL) and ferritin heavy chain (FtH) subunits. Previous work revealed myeloid FtH deletion leads to a compensatory increase in intracellular and circulating FtL and is associated with amelioration of SA-AKI. We designed this study to test the hypothesis that loss of myeloid FtL and subsequently, circulating FtL will exacerbate the sepsis-induced inflammatory response and worsen SA-AKI. We generated a novel myeloid-specific FtL knockout mouse (FtLLysM-/-) and induced sepsis via cecal ligation and puncture or lipopolysaccharide endotoxemia. As expected, serum ferritin levels were significantly lower in the knockout mice, suggesting that myeloid cells dominantly contribute to circulating ferritin. Interestingly, while sepsis induction led to a marked production of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, there was no statistical difference between the genotypes. There was a similar loss of kidney function, as evident by a rise in serum creatinine and cystatin C, and renal injury identified by expression of kidney injury molecule-1 and neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin. Finally, RNA sequencing revealed upregulation of pathways for cell cycle arrest and autophagy post-sepsis, but no significant differences were observed between genotypes, including in key genes associated with ferroptosis, an iron-mediated form of cell death. The loss of FtL did not impact sepsis-mediated activation of NFkB or HIF-1a signaling, key inflammatory pathways associated with dysregulated host response. Taken together, while FtL overexpression was shown to be protective against sepsis, loss of FtL did not influence sepsis pathogenesis.

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The Hyphal Associated Adhesin and Invasin Als3 of Candida albicans Mediates Iron Acquisition from Host Ferritin

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