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A spatiotemporal DNA endoploidy map of the Arabidopsis root reveals roles for the endocycle in root development and stress adaptation

ABSTRACT: Somatic polyploidy caused by endoreplication is observed in arthropods, molluscs, and vertebrates, but is especially prominent in higher plants where it has been postulated to be essential for cell growth and fate maintenance. However, a comprehensive understanding of the physiological significance of plant endopolyploidy has remained elusive. Here, we modeled and experimentally verified a high-resolution DNA endoploidy map of the developing Arabidopsis thaliana root, revealing a remarkable spatiotemporal control of DNA endoploidy levels across tissues and a strong dependence on stress signals. Cellular and transcriptomic analysis revealed that inhibition of endoreplication onset alters the nuclear-to-cellular volume ratio and change in expression of cell wall modifying genes, correlated with the appearance of cell structural changes. Our data indicate that endopolyploidy might serve to coordinate cell expansion with structural stability, and that spatiotemporal endoreplication pattern changes may buffer for stress conditions, which may explain the widespread occurrence of the endocycle in plant species growing in extreme or variable environments.

ORGANISM(S): Arabidopsis thaliana

PROVIDER: GSE115001 | GEO | 2018/10/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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