Patient adipose stem cell-derived adipocytes reveal genetic variation that predicts anti-diabetic drug response
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE115421 | GEO | 2019/01/11
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for PPARg, the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor (NR). The classic model, involving binding of ligand to the NR on DNA, explains positive regulation of gene expression, but ligand-dependent repression is not well understood. We have now addressed this issue by studying the direct effects of rosiglitazone on gene transcription, using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq). Rosi-induced changes in gene body transcription were pronounced after 10 minutes and correlated with steady-state mRNA levels as well as with transcription at nearby enhancers (eRNAs). Upregulated eRNAs occurred almost exclusively at PPARg binding sites, to which rosi treatment recruited the coactivator MED1. By contrast, transcriptional repression by rosi involved a loss of MED1 from eRNA sites devoid of PPARg and enriched for other TFs including AP-1 factors and C/EBPs. Thus, rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform the future development of antidiabetic drugs. 3T3-L1 matuer adipocyte were treated with rosi, and nascent transcripts were measured at various time points using GRO-seq. ChIP-seq experiments for various coactivators, corepressor, and transcription factors also have been done to monitor initial occupancy or change before and after treatment.
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-56745 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for PPARg, the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor (NR). The classic model, involving binding of ligand to the NR on DNA, explains positive regulation of gene expression, but ligand-dependent repression is not well understood. We have now addressed this issue by studying the direct effects of rosiglitazone on gene transcription, using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq). Rosi-induced changes in gene body transcription were pronounced after 10 minutes and correlated with steady-state mRNA levels as well as with transcription at nearby enhancers (eRNAs). Upregulated eRNAs occurred almost exclusively at PPARg binding sites, to which rosi treatment recruited the coactivator MED1. By contrast, transcriptional repression by rosi involved a loss of MED1 from eRNA sites devoid of PPARg and enriched for other TFs including AP-1 factors and C/EBPs. Thus, rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform the future development of antidiabetic drugs. Mature 3T3-L1 were treated with rosi or DMSO. Steady-state mRNA levels were monitored at various time points after the treatment between 0 minutes and 48 hours using Affymetrix Mouse Gene 1.1 ST Array.
2014-05-02 | E-GEOD-56688 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for PPARg, the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor (NR). The classic model, involving binding of ligand to the NR on DNA, explains positive regulation of gene expression, but ligand-dependent repression is not well understood. We have now addressed this issue by studying the direct effects of rosiglitazone on gene transcription, using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq). Rosi-induced changes in gene body transcription were pronounced after 10 minutes and correlated with steady-state mRNA levels as well as with transcription at nearby enhancers (eRNAs). Upregulated eRNAs occurred almost exclusively at PPARg binding sites, to which rosi treatment recruited the coactivator MED1. By contrast, transcriptional repression by rosi involved a loss of MED1 from eRNA sites devoid of PPARg and enriched for other TFs including AP-1 factors and C/EBPs. Thus, rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform the future development of antidiabetic drugs.
2014-05-02 | GSE56745 | GEO
Project description:Rosiglitazone (rosi) is a powerful insulin sensitizer, but serious toxicities have curtailed its widespread clinical use. Rosi functions as a high-affinity ligand for PPARg, the adipocyte-predominant nuclear receptor (NR). The classic model, involving binding of ligand to the NR on DNA, explains positive regulation of gene expression, but ligand-dependent repression is not well understood. We have now addressed this issue by studying the direct effects of rosiglitazone on gene transcription, using global run-on sequencing (GRO-seq). Rosi-induced changes in gene body transcription were pronounced after 10 minutes and correlated with steady-state mRNA levels as well as with transcription at nearby enhancers (eRNAs). Upregulated eRNAs occurred almost exclusively at PPARg binding sites, to which rosi treatment recruited the coactivator MED1. By contrast, transcriptional repression by rosi involved a loss of MED1 from eRNA sites devoid of PPARg and enriched for other TFs including AP-1 factors and C/EBPs. Thus, rosi activates and represses transcription by fundamentally different mechanisms that could inform the future development of antidiabetic drugs.
2014-05-02 | GSE56688 | GEO
Project description:Rosiglitazone (Rosi), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes, activates the adipocyte-specific transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg). This activation causes bone loss in animals and humans, at least in part due to suppression of osteoblast differentiation from marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In order to identify mechanisms by which PPARg2 suppresses osteoblastogenesis and promotes adipogenesis in MSC, we have analyzed the PPARg2 transcriptome in response to Rosi. A total of 4,252 transcriptional changes resulted when Rosi (1 uM) was applied to the U-33 marrow stromal cell line, stably transfected with PPARg2 (U-33/g2), as compared to non-induced U-33/g2 cells. Differences between U-33/g2 and U-33 cells stably transfected with empty vector (U-33/c) comprised 7,928 transcriptional changes, independent of Rosi. Cell type-, time- and treatment-specific gene clustering uncovered distinct patterns of PPARg2 transcriptional control of MSC lineage commitment. The earliest changes accompanying Rosi activation of PPARg2 included adjustments in morphogenesis, Wnt signaling, and immune responses, as well as sustained induction of lipid metabolism. Expression signatures influenced by longer exposure to Rosi provided evidence for distinct mechanisms governing the repression of osteogenesis and stimulation of adipogenesis. Our results suggest interactions that could lead to the identification of a “master” regulatory scheme controlling osteoblast differentiation. Keywords: rosiglitazone, PPARgamma, microarray, time course, gene expression, stem cells
2009-01-15 | GSE10192 | GEO
Project description:Rosiglitazone (Rosi), a member of the thiazolidinedione class of drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes, activates the adipocyte-specific transcription factor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARg). This activation causes bone loss in animals and humans, at least in part due to suppression of osteoblast differentiation from marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). In order to identify mechanisms by which PPARg2 suppresses osteoblastogenesis and promotes adipogenesis in MSC, we have analyzed the PPARg2 transcriptome in response to Rosi. A total of 4,252 transcriptional changes resulted when Rosi (1 uM) was applied to the U-33 marrow stromal cell line, stably transfected with PPARg2 (U-33/g2), as compared to non-induced U-33/g2 cells. Differences between U-33/g2 and U-33 cells stably transfected with empty vector (U-33/c) comprised 7,928 transcriptional changes, independent of Rosi. Cell type-, time- and treatment-specific gene clustering uncovered distinct patterns of PPARg2 transcriptional control of MSC lineage commitment. The earliest changes accompanying Rosi activation of PPARg2 included adjustments in morphogenesis, Wnt signaling, and immune responses, as well as sustained induction of lipid metabolism. Expression signatures influenced by longer exposure to Rosi provided evidence for distinct mechanisms governing the repression of osteogenesis and stimulation of adipogenesis. Our results suggest interactions that could lead to the identification of a “master” regulatory scheme controlling osteoblast differentiation. Keywords: rosiglitazone, PPARgamma, microarray, time course, gene expression, stem cells U-33/g2 and U-33/c cells were cultured in the presence or absence of Rosi and gene expression was monitored at three different time points (2, 24, 72h) after exposure to the agonist. Each time point corresponds to a separate stage of Rosi-treated U-33/g2 cell conversion from the osteoblast-like phenotype to the adipocyte-like phenotype and includes induction (2h), intermediate alterations in phenotype progression (24h), and a terminally differentiated adipocytic with completely suppressed osteoblastic phenotype (72h). The experiment is a full factorial design performed in replicate.
2009-01-15 | E-GEOD-10192 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The obesity epidemic continues to worsen worldwide, driving metabolic and chronic inflammatory diseases. Thiazolidinediones (TZDs), such as rosiglitazone (Rosi), are PPARy ligands that promote anti-inflammatory changes in adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) and cause insulin sensitization. We performed single-cell RNA-seuqnecing (scRNA-seq) to analyze the diversity and the phenotype of ATM subpopulations under Rosi and ATM-Exosome treatment.
2024-02-27 | GSE234046 | GEO
Project description:Besides improving insulin sensitivity in type 2 diabetes, the thiazolidinedione family of compounds and the pharmacologic activation of their best characterized target PPARg has been proposed as a therapeutic option for cancer treatment. In the present study, we reveal a new mechanism by which the thiazolidinedione rosiglitazone contributes to tumorigenesis, which limits its therapeutic potential in cancer. We provide evidence that rosiglitazone activates a tumorigenic paracrine communication program in a subset of human melanoma cells, that involves the secretion of cytokines, chemokines and angiogenic factors. This complex blend of paracrine signals activates non-malignant fibroblasts, endothelial cells and macrophages in a tumor-friendly way. In agreement with these data, we show that rosiglitazone promotes human melanoma development in xenografts, through enhanced angiogenesis and inflammation. Together, these findings establish an important tumorigenic action of rosiglitazone in melanoma cells. While studies conducted on cohorts of diabetic patients report overall benefits of TZDs in cancer prevention, we show that exposure of an established tumor to rosiglitazone may be deleterious.
2020-06-01 | GSE115221 | GEO
Project description:Robust identification of placental PPARg target genes via mutliple PPARg-dependence criteria. Integration of differential expression data from Pparg-null, Rxra-null, Med1-nul and Ncoa6-null placentas and from WT and Pparg-null Trophoblast stem cells (TSC) differentiated for 2 or 4 days in the presence or absence of the PPARg agonist Rosiglitazone (Rosi). [Placentas] Three pools of three WT placentas, each vs a litter-matched pool of three Pparg-null placentas Three pools of three WT placentas, each vs a litter-matched pool of three Rxra-null placentas Three pools of three WT placentas, each vs a litter-matched pool of three Med1-null placentas Three pools of three WT placentas, each vs a litter-matched pool of three Ncoa6-null placentas [Trophoblast stem cells (TSC)] Three independent WT TSC lines differentiated for two and four days in the presence or absence of Rosi vs two independent Pparg-null TSC lines differntiated for the same durations in the presence of Rosi
2012-07-09 | E-GEOD-39233 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Impaired resistance to insulin, the key defect in type 2 diabetes (T2D), is associated with a low capacity to adapt fuel oxidation to fuel availability, i.e., metabolic inflexibility. The hampered metabolic adaptability triggers a further damage of insulin signaling. Since skeletal muscle is the main site of glucose uptake, effectiveness of T2D treatment depends in large on the improvement of insulin sensitivity and metabolic adaptability of the muscle. We have shown previously in mice fed an obesogenic high-fat diet that a combination treatment using n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFA) and thiazolidinedione (TZD) anti-diabetic drugs preserved metabolic health and synergistically improved muscle insulin sensitivity. We investigated here whether TZD rosiglitazone could elicit the additive beneficial effects on metabolic flexibility when combined with n-3 LC-PUFA. Adult male C57BL/6J mice were fed an obesogenic corn oil-based high-fat diet (cHF) for 8 weeks, or randomly assigned to various dietary treatments: (i) cHF+F, cHF with n-3 LC-PUFA concentrate replacing 15% of dietary lipids; (ii) cHF+ROSI, cHF with 10 mg rosiglitazone/kg diet; and (iii) cHF+F+ROSI, or chow-fed. Indirect calorimetry demonstrated superior preservation of metabolic flexibility to carbohydrates in response to the combination treatment. Metabolomic and gene expression analyses in the muscle suggested distinct and complementary effects of the single treatments, with rosiglitazone augmenting insulin sensitivity by the modulation of branched-chain amino acid metabolism, and n-3 LC PUFA supporting complete oxidation of fatty acids in mitochondria. These beneficial metabolic effects were associated with the activation of the switch between glycolytic and oxidative muscle fibers, especially in the cHF+F+ROSI mice. Our results further support the idea that the combination treatment using n-3 LC-PUFA and TZDs could improve the efficacy of the treatment of obese and diabetic patients. Male C57BL/6N mice had free access to water and Chow. Three-month-old mice were randomly assigned (8 animals per group) to cHF+ROSI diet (lipid content ~35% wt/wt) supplemented with 10 mg rosiglitazone/kg diet, or cHF+F+ROSI in which n-3 LC-PUFA concentrate (46% DHA, 14% EPA, wt/wt, as triglycerides; product EPAX 1050 TG) replaced 15% wt/wt of dietary lipids. The treatment lasted for 8 weeks, whereafter the animals were first fasted for 10 hours during the light phase of the day (between 8.00hr and 18.00hr), than re-fed Chow (starting at 18.00hr), and killed the following day by cervical dislocation under pentobarbital anesthesia (between 9.00hr and 11.00hr); the so-called 'diet-switch protocol'. Gastrocnemius muscle was isolated and used for total RNA isolation.
2012-09-07 | E-GEOD-36717 | biostudies-arrayexpress