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Role of ProQ in Salmonella virulence - pulse expression

ABSTRACT: FinO-domain proteins such as ProQ of the model pathogen Salmonella enterica have emerged as a new class of major RNA-binding proteins in bacteria. ProQ has been shown to target hundreds of transcripts including mRNAs from many virulence regions but its role, if any, in bacterial pathogenesis has not been studied. Here, using a Dual RNA-seq approach to profile ProQ-dependent gene expression changes as Salmonella infects human cells, we reveal dysregulation of bacterial motility, chemotaxis and virulence genes which is accompanied by altered mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in the host. Comparison with Hfq, Salmonella’s other major RNA chaperone, reinforces the notion that these two global RNA binding proteins work in parallel to ensure full virulence. Of newly discovered infection-associated ProQ-bound small noncoding RNAs, we show that STnc540 represses a virulence-related magnesium transporter mRNA in a ProQ-dependent manner. Together, this comprehensive study uncovers the relevance of ProQ for Salmonella infection and highlights the importance of RNA-binding proteins in regulating bacterial virulence programs.

ORGANISM(S): Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium str. SL1344

PROVIDER: GSE117252 | GEO | 2018/11/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Role of ProQ in Salmonella virulence - in vitro

Project description:FinO-domain proteins such as ProQ of the model pathogen Salmonella enterica have emerged as a new class of major RNA-binding proteins in bacteria. ProQ has been shown to target hundreds of transcripts including mRNAs from many virulence regions but its role, if any, in bacterial pathogenesis has not been studied. Here, using a Dual RNA-seq approach to profile ProQ-dependent gene expression changes as Salmonella infects human cells, we reveal dysregulation of bacterial motility, chemotaxis and virulence genes which is accompanied by altered mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling in the host. Comparison with Hfq, Salmonella’s other major RNA chaperone, reinforces the notion that these two global RNA binding proteins work in parallel to ensure full virulence. Of newly discovered infection-associated ProQ-bound small noncoding RNAs, we show that STnc540 represses a virulence-related magnesium transporter mRNA in a ProQ-dependent manner. Together, this comprehensive study uncovers the relevance of ProQ for Salmonella infection and highlights the importance of RNA-binding proteins in regulating bacterial virulence programs.

2018-11-28 | GSE117255 | GEO

Role of ProQ in Salmonella virulence - dual RNA-Seq

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Deep mutational scanning of RNA-binding protein ProQ suggests a mechanism of quality control by protease Lon

Project description:ProQ has become a paradigm for the emerging family of FinO domain-containing RNA binding proteins. ProQ in Salmonella enterica has been shown to act as a global RNA binding protein as it interacts with a plethora of sRNAs and mRNAs. However, little was known about processes ProQ regulates in Salmonella which have precluded to functionally characterize ProQ in vivo. In here, we show that ProQ represses the utilization of succinate as carbon source. The latter allowed applying deep mutational scanning to ProQ to identify residues within the protein important to its function in vivo. ProQ carries a FinO domain, responsible for RNA binding, as its N-terminal domain fused via a linker to a C-terminal domain with unknown function. Remarkably, residues within both the N-terminal domain and C-terminal domain of the protein are found to be essential for ProQ function. Mutations in the C-terminal lead to non-fuctional variants to regulate succinate utilization but capable to interact with RNA. On the contrary, mutations on the N-terminal domain leave ProQ functionally inactive to regulate ProQ function in vivo and to interact with RNA. Notably, the inability to interact with RNA render ProQ unstable. The latter leads to an active Lon protease mediated degradation suggesting that interaction with RNA represents a control mechanism to modulate ProQ turnover.

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Salmonella FinO ProQ IP

Project description:IP (as previously described Chao et al., 2012; Smirnov et al., 2016) of ProQ-3xFLAG and FinO-3xFLAG in Salmonella SL1344 at different growth conditions.

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RNA-RNA interactomes of Hfq and ProQ reveal overlapping and competing roles for RNA chaperones

Project description:In many bacteria, the base pairing between most small regulatory RNAs (sRNAs) and their targets is facilitated by the Hfq RNA chaperone. However, recent studies have shown FinO-domain proteins also bind sRNAs. To compare the contributions of Hfq and the FinO-domain ProQ protein in Escherichia coli, we carried out RIL-seq, which allows global identification of two RNAs bound to the same protein. We detected hundreds of RNA pairs on ProQ. Intriguingly, 33% of the ProQ-bound RNA pairs are also found associated with Hfq, suggesting overlapping, complementary or competing roles for the two proteins.

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RIP-seq of RNA associated in vivo with the ProQ, Hfq or CsrA proteins, performed in Salmonella Typhimurium SL1344 or Escherichia coli W3110

Project description:While many general RNA-binding proteins have been described in eukaryotes, the small RNA chaperone Hfq and the translational regulator CsrA remain the only known global RNA-associated cofactors involved in the bacterial post-transcriptional gene expression control. Here, using an RNA-seq-based analysis of the biochemically partitioned ensemble of cellular RNAs, we uncovered a large group of transcripts that interact with the RNA-binding protein ProQ in Salmonella enterica. We show that ProQ is a conserved abundant protein with a wide range of targets, including a new class of ProQ-associated small RNAs, and predicted functions in many cellular pathways. ProQ preferentially associates with highly structured RNAs, filling the so-far vacant niche of a global double-stranded RNA-binding protein and expanding the range of the post-transcriptional regulation in bacteria." This dataset includes representative RIP experiments carried out to characterize the in vivo interactome of the bacterial global RNA-binding protein ProQ. They include a series of RIPs performed on a Salmonella Typhimurium SL1344 ProQ-3xFLAG strain grown to the exponential (OD600=0.5), transition (OD600=2.0) or stationary (6 hours after cells reached OD600=2.0) phases; a RIP perfomed on an Escherichia coli W3110 ProQ-3xFLAG strain grown to the transition phase; a control series of RIPs performed on Salmonella Typhimurium SL1344 ProQ-3xFLAG and PhoP-3xFLAG strains grown to the transition phase. The first series shows how the ProQ RNA interactome evolves over growth in Salmonella, the second reveals ProQ targets in Escherichia, the third illustrates the lack of RNA-binding activity in a negative control, DNA-binding transcription regulator PhoP.

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Global discovery of bacterial RNA-binding proteins by RNase-sensitive gradient profiles reports a new FinO domain protein

Project description:RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) play important roles in bacterial gene expression and physiology but their true number and functional scope remain little understood even in model microbes. To advance global RBP discovery in bacteria, we here establish glycerol gradient sedimentation with RNase treatment and mass spectrometry (GradR). Applied to Salmonella enterica, GradR confirms many known RBPs by their RNase-sensitive sedimentation profiles, and discovers the FopA protein as a new member of the emerging family of FinO/ProQ-like RBPs. FopA, encoded on resistance plasmid pCol1B9, primarily targets a small RNA associated with plasmid replication. The target suite of FopA dramatically differs from the related global RBP ProQ, revealing context-dependent selective RNA recognition by FinO-domain RBPs. Numerous other unexpected RNase-induced changes in gradient profiles suggest that cellular RNA helps to organize macromolecular complexes in bacteria. By enabling poly(A)-independent generic RBP discovery, GradR provides an important element for building a comprehensive catalogue of microbial RBPs.

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CLIP-seq of Salmonella ProQ in intracellular-like conditions

Project description:The aim of the project is to identify transcriptome-wide binding sites for the global RNA-binding protein ProQ in Salmonella during intracellular-like conditions.

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RIPseq of proQ-3XFLAG in V. cholerae

Project description:Gene regulation at the post-transcriptional level is prevalent in all domains of life. In bacteria, ProQ-like proteins have emerged as important RNA chaperones facilitating RNA stability and RNA duplex formation. In the major human pathogen V. cholerae, post-transcriptional gene regulation is key for virulence, biofilm formation, and antibiotic resistance, yet the role of ProQ has not been studied. Here, we show that ProQ interacts with hundreds of transcripts in V. cholerae, including the highly abundant FlaX small RNA (sRNA). Global analyses of RNA duplex formation using RIL-Seq (RNA interaction by ligation and sequencing) revealed a vast network of ProQ-assisted interactions and identified a role for FlaX in motility regulation. Specifically, FlaX base-pairs with multiple sites on the flaB flagellin mRNA, preventing 30S ribosome binding and translation initiation. V. cholerae cells lacking flaX display impaired motility gene expression, altered flagella composition, and reduced swimming in liquid environments. Our results provide a global view on ProQ-mediated RNA duplex formation and pinpoint the mechanistic and phenotypic consequences associated with ProQ-associated sRNAs in V. cholerae.

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