Systematic feedomics provide solutions to improve human inedible crop by-products for global food production
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus
PROVIDER: GSE117455 | GEO | 2021/07/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Systematic feedomics provide solutions to improve human inedible crop by-products for global food production
| PRJNA482143 | ENA
Project description:In this study, we investigated the molecular regulatory mechanisms of milk protein production in dairy cows by studying the miRNAomes of five key metabolic tissues involved in protein synthesis and metabolism from dairy cows fed high- and low-quality diets. In total, 340, 338, 337, 330, and 328 miRNAs were expressed in the rumen, duodenum, jejunum, liver, and mammary gland tissues, respectively. Some miRNAs were highly correlated with feed and nitrogen efficiency, with target genes involved in transportation and phosphorylation of amino acid (AA). Additionally, low-quality forage diets (corn stover and rice straw) influenced the expression of feed and nitrogen efficiency-associated miRNAs such as miR-99b in rumen, miR-2336 in duodenum, miR-652 in jejunum, miR-1 in liver, and miR-181a in mammary gland. Ruminal miR-21-3p and liver miR-2285f were predicted to regulate AA transportation by targeting ATP1A2 and SLC7A8, respectively. Furthermore, bovine-specific miRNAs regulated the proliferation and morphology of rumen epithelium, as well as the metabolism of liver lipids and branched-chain AAs, revealing bovine-specific mechanisms. Our results suggest that miRNAs expressed in these five tissues play roles in regulating transportation of AA for downstream milk production, which is an important mechanism that may be associated with low milk protein under lowquality forage feed.
2018-07-21 | GSE117441 | GEO
Project description:M. Berg, J. Plöntzke, S. Leonhard-Marek, K.E. Müller & S. Röblitz. A dynamic model to simulate potassium balance in dairy cows. Journal of Dairy Science 100, 12 (2017).
High-performing dairy cows require a particular composition of nutritional ingredients, adapted to their individual requirements and depending on their production status. The optimal dimensioning of minerals in the diet, one being potassium, is indispensable for the prevention of imbalances. Potassium balance in cows is the result of potassium intake, distribution in the organism, and excretion, and it is closely related to glucose and electrolyte metabolism. In this paper, we present a dynamical model for potassium balance in lactating and nonlactating dairy cows based on ordinary differential equations. Parameter values were obtained from clinical trial data and from the literature. To verify the consistency of the model, we present simulation outcomes for 3 different scenarios: potassium balance in (1) nonlactating cows with varying feed intake, (2) nonlactating cows with varying potassium fraction in the diet, and (3) lactating cows with varying milk production levels. The results give insights into the short- and long-term potassium metabolism, providing an important step toward the understanding of the potassium network, the design of prophylactic feed additives, and possible treatment strategies.
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000849 | BioModels
Project description:The current situation of rising demand for animal products and sustainable resource usage, improving nutrient utilization efficiency in dairy cows is an important task. Understanding the biology of feed efficiency in dairy cows enables for the development of markers that may be used to identify and choose the best animals for animal production. Thus in this study, ten Holstein cows were evaluated for feed efficiency and adipose tissue samples from five high efficient and five low efficient dairy cows were collected for protein extraction, digestion and data were analyzed for differential abundant proteins enriched in feed efficiency pathways. Among the identified peptides, we found 110 DAPs and two protein networks significantly related to feed efficiency. Among the relative mRNA expression of genes involved in energy metabolism including transcription/translation (STAT2, DDX39A and RBM39) or protein transport (ITGAV), only RBM39 showed significant decrease in high efficient dairy cows. The findings presented here confirmed the Transferrin upregulated in pathways including acute phase response signaling, LXR/RXR activation, FXR/RXR activation of high efficient dairy cows supporting that these pathways are related to feed efficiency in dairy cows.
2022-08-12 | PXD029328 | Pride
Project description:Heat stress (HS) has become a major challenge in the dairy industry around the world. Although numerous measures have been taken to alleviate the HS impact on milk production, the cellular level response to HS remains unclear in dairy cows. The objective of this study was to dissect functional alterations based on transcriptomic dynamics in the liver of cows under HS. Dairy cows exposed to HS exhibited both decreased feed intake and milk yield. Through liver transcriptomic analysis, differentially expressed genes were identified among three experimental conditions, including heat stress (HS), pair-fed (PF), and thermoneutral (TN) groups. We observed the upregulation of protein folding and inflammation-related genes in the HS group, while the mitochondrial genes were downregulated. Gene functional enrichment also revealed that mitochondria function and oxidative phosphorylation were dysregulated under HS. The liver transcriptome analysis generated a comprehensive gene expression regulation network upon HS in lactating dairy cows. Overall, this study provides novel insights into molecular and metabolic changes of cows conditioned under HS. Our results could facilitate the development of efficient biomarkers to mitigate the negative effect of HS on dairy cow health and productivity.
2023-08-08 | GSE226351 | GEO
Project description:Shotgun proteomics analysis of 14 different Enterococcus strains from dairy and fermented products.
2022-10-13 | PXD036435 | Pride
Project description:Studies in rodent models have shown that fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) is a liver-derived metabolic regulator that is induced in response to different stress conditions, such as energy and nutrient deprivation, inflammation and metabolic disorders. Recently, it has been shown that FGF21 expression in liver is dramatically induced in dairy cows during early lactation. However, the physiologically role of FGF21 in dairy cows has not been established so far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to gain knowledge about the physiological role of FGF21 in cows during this period. For this end, out of 30 cows, 8 cows with the highest FGF21 expression in the liver were compared to 8 cows with the lowest FGF21 expression.
2022-12-31 | GSE218916 | GEO
Project description:This article contains raw and processed data related to research published by Swartz et al. [1]. Proteomics data from liver of postpartum dairy cows were obtained by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry following protein extraction. Differential abundance between liver of cows experiencing either negative energy balance (NEB, n=6) or positive energy balance (PEB, n=4) at 17±3 DIM was quantified using MS1 intensity based label-free. There is a paucity of studies examining the associations of NEB with the liver proteome in early lactation dairy cows. Therefore, our objective was to characterize the differences in the liver proteome in periparturient dairy cows experiencing naturally occurring NEB compared to cows in PEB. In this study, multiparous Holstein dairy cows were milked either 2 or 3 times daily for the first 30 days in milk (DIM) to alter energy balance, and were classified retrospectively as NEB (n=18) or PEB (n=22). Liver biopsies were collected from 10 cows (n=5 from each milking frequency), that were retrospectively classified according to their energy balance (NEB, n=6; PEB, n=4). The liver proteome was characterized using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. This novel dataset contains 2,741 proteins were identified, and 68 of those were differentially abundant between NEB and PEB (P≤0.05 and FC±1.5); these findings are discussed in our recent research article [1]. The present dataset of liver proteome can be used as either biological markers for disease or therapeutic targets to improve metabolic adaptations to lactation in postpartum dairy cattle.
2021-10-13 | PXD028124 | Pride
Project description:The aim of this study was to determine the effects of linseed dietary supplementation on gene expression in the mammary gland of grazing dairy cows. Milk composition and gene expression in the mammary gland tissue were evaluated in dairy cows supplemented with linseed. The linseed supplementation improves the health and nutrition quality aspects of dairy milk, but also affects the gene networks expression signature associated with cellular growth and proliferation, cell-death, signalling, nutrient metabolism, and immune response, and in turn, the mammary gland integrity and health.
2012-11-18 | GSE24200 | GEO
Project description:The liver of dairy cows naturally displays a series of metabolic adaptation during the periparturient period in response to the increasing nutrient requirement of lactation. The hepatic adaptation is partly regulated by insulin resistance and it is affected by the prepartal energy intake level of cows. We aimed to investigate the metabolic changes in the liver of dairy cows during the periparturient at gene expression level and to study the effect of prepartal energy level on the metabolic adaptation at gene expression level.B13:N13
2017-10-05 | GSE97437 | GEO