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In vivo RNAi mediated knockdown of translation initiation factor eIF3m is associated with alterations in ribosome biogenesis (rRNA-seq)

ABSTRACT: Translation is a fundamental biological process, which defines every aspect of cell physiology. Dysregulation of protein synthesis is associated with the diseases, such as ribosomopathies, diabetes, and cancer. To examine translation dysregulation in vivo, we employed RNA interference to knockdown m-subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF3 exclusively in mouse liver. We observed an increase in the number of monosomes and multiple signs of impaired translation. We further characterized the early cellular response using transcriptome sequencing, ribosome profiling, whole proteome, and phosphoproteome analyses. The major response of hepatocytes to eIF3m deficiency was associated with the changes in mRNA expression, with almost no effect on translation efficiency for particular mRNAs. The transcription changes fell into two main categories: ribosome biogenesis (increased transcription of ribosomal proteins, dephosphorylation of eIF2α, and inhibition of rRNA processing) and cell metabolism (lipid, amino acid, nucleic acid, and drug metabolism). Overall, this work uncovers a new mode of regulation of protein synthesis mediated by the inhibition of translation initiation. It also highlights advantages of RNAi-based in vivo approach for studying regulatory network associated with essential factors involved in mammalian translation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE118393 | GEO | 2020/07/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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In vivo RNAi mediated knockdown of translation initiation factor eIF3m is associated with alterations in ribosome biogenesis [RNAseq/Riboseq]

Project description:Translation is a fundamental biological process, which defines every aspect of cell physiology. Dysregulation of protein synthesis is associated with the diseases, such as ribosomopathies, diabetes, and cancer. To examine translation dysregulation in vivo, we employed RNA interference to knockdown m-subunit of the translation initiation factor eIF3 exclusively in mouse liver. We observed an increase in the number of monosomes and multiple signs of impaired translation. We further characterized the early cellular response using transcriptome sequencing, ribosome profiling, whole proteome, and phosphoproteome analyses. The major response of hepatocytes to eIF3m deficiency was associated with the changes in mRNA expression, with almost no effect on translation efficiency for particular mRNAs. The transcription changes fell into two main categories: ribosome biogenesis (increased transcription of ribosomal proteins, dephosphorylation of eIF2α, and inhibition of rRNA processing) and cell metabolism (lipid, amino acid, nucleic acid, and drug metabolism). Overall, this work uncovers a new mode of regulation of protein synthesis mediated by the inhibition of translation initiation. It also highlights advantages of RNAi-based in vivo approach for studying regulatory network associated with essential factors involved in mammalian translation.

2020-07-29 | GSE120533 | GEO

In vivo RNAi mediated knockdown of translation initiation factor eIF3m is associated with alterations in ribosome biogenesis (mRNA-seq)

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eIF3 associates with 80S ribosomes to promote translation elongation, mitochondrial homeostasis, and muscle health

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2021-09-30 | GSE183471 | GEO

Controlling tissue patterning by translational regulation of signaling transcripts through the core translation factor eIF3c [I]

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Redefining the translational status of 80S monosomes

Project description:Fully assembled ribosomes exist in two populations: polysomes and monosomes. While the former has been studied extensively, to what extent translation occurs on monosomes and its importance for overall translational output remains controversial. Here, we used ribosome profiling to examine the translational status of 80S monosomes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae. We found that the vast majority of 80S monosomes are elongating, not initiating. Further, most mRNAs exhibit some degree of monosome occupancy, with monosomes predominating on nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) targets, upstream open reading frames (uORFs), canonical ORFs shorter than ~590 nucleotides and ORFs for which the total time required to complete elongation is substantially shorter than that required for initiation. Importantly, mRNAs encoding low-abundance regulatory proteins tend to be enriched in the monosome fraction. Our data highlight the importance of monosomes for the translation of highly regulated mRNAs.Â We examined the translational status of single 80S ribosomes using ribosome profiling, and compared these monosome footprints to both polysome ribosome footprints and general ribosome profiling. RNASeq libraries were also prepared from the overall sample input.

2016-02-11 | E-GEOD-76117 | biostudies-arrayexpress

eIF3 and its mRNA-entry-channel arm contribute to the recruitment of mRNAs with long 5'-untranslated regions

Project description:Translation initiation in eukaryotes is multi-step pathway and the most regulated phase of translation. Eukaryotic initiation factor 3 is the largest and most complex of the translation initiation factors, and it contributes to events throughout the initiation pathway. In particular, eIF3 appears to play critical roles in mRNA recruitment. More recently, eIF3 has been implicated in driving the selective translation of specific classes of mRNAs. However, unraveling the mechanism of these diverse contributions — and disentangling the roles of the individual subunits of the eIF3 complex — remains challenging. We employed ribosome profiling of budding yeast cells expressing two distinct mutations targeting the eIF3 complex. These mutations either disrupt the entire complex or subunits positioned near the mRNA-entry channel of the ribosome which appear to relocate during or in response to mRNA binding and start-codon recognition. Disruption of either the entire eIF3 complex or specific targeting of these subunits affects mRNAs with long 5’-untranslated regions and whose translation is more dependent on eIF4A, eIF4B, and Ded1 but less dependent on eIF4G, eIF4E, and PABP. Disruption of the entire eIF3 complex further affects mRNAs involved in mitochondrial processes and with structured 5’-untranslated regions. Comparison of the suite of mRNAs most sensitive to both mutations with those uniquely sensitive to disruption of the entire complex sheds new light on the specific roles of individual subunits of the eIF3 complex.

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