YPR2 is a light dependent regulator of carbon and secondary metabolism in Trichoderma reesei
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Trichoderma reesei
PROVIDER: GSE119126 | GEO | 2019/02/22
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:GPR8 exerts a light dependent function on secondary metabolism, which is in part mediated by YPR2 and the function of SOR7
2020-01-31 | GSE144529 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundFilamentous fungi have evolved to succeed in nature by efficient growth and degradation of substrates, but also due to the production of secondary metabolites including mycotoxins. For Trichoderma reesei, as a biotechnological workhorse for homologous and heterologous protein production, secondary metabolite secretion is of particular importance for industrial application. Recent studies revealed an interconnected regulation of enzyme gene expression and carbon metabolism with secondary metabolism.ResultsHere, we investigated gene regulation by YPR2, one out of two transcription factors located within the SOR cluster of T. reesei, which is involved in biosynthesis of sorbicillinoids. Transcriptome analysis showed that YPR2 exerts its major function in constant darkness upon growth on cellulose. Targets (direct and indirect) of YPR2 overlap with induction specific genes as well as with targets of the carbon catabolite repressor CRE1 and a considerable proportion is regulated by photoreceptors as well. Functional category analysis revealed both effects on carbon metabolism and secondary metabolism. Further, we found indications for an involvement of YPR2 in regulation of siderophores. In agreement with transcriptome data, mass spectrometric analyses revealed a broad alteration in metabolite patterns in ∆ypr2. Additionally, YPR2 positively influenced alamethicin levels along with transcript levels of the alamethicin synthase tex1 and is essential for production of orsellinic acid in darkness.ConclusionsYPR2 is an important regulator balancing secondary metabolism with carbon metabolism in darkness and depending on the carbon source. The function of YPR2 reaches beyond the SOR cluster in which ypr2 is located and happens downstream of carbon catabolite repression mediated by CRE1.
| S-EPMC6417087 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We investigated the function of the transcription factor STE12 and found an involvement in gene expression and growth in light and darkness
2023-11-02 | GSE222127 | GEO
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in response to different light conditions of the T. reesei QM9414 deletion strains delta-blr1, delta-blr2 and delta env1 cultivated on 1% microcrystalline cellulose. Perception and proper interpretation of environmental signals is crucial for survival in any natural habitat. Although the biotechnological workhorse Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) is predominantly known for its capability of efficient plant cell wall degradation, recent studies show that it has not lost its evolutionary heritage. Transmission of nutrient signals via the heterotrimeric G protein pathway has been shown to be influenced by light. We show that this interconnection is mainly established by the light regulatory protein ENV1 and the phosducin-like protein PhLP1 via mutual transcriptional regulation and influence on GNB1 (G protein beta subunit) function. ENV1 thereby exerts a more severe effect on gene transcription than BLR1 or BLR2. Lack of either one of the photoreceptors or PhLP1, GNB1 or GNG1 leads to a partial shutdown of processes upregulated in light, indicating that heterotrimeric G protein signalling exerts its major function in light and is a target of the light response machinery. Consequently, signals transmitted via the G protein pathway are of different relevance in light and darkness. Investigation of regulation of glycoside hydrolases as one of the major output pathways of this mechanism revealed that 79% of all genes belonging to this group, representing all GH-families available in T. reesei, are potentially responsive to light. We conclude that ENV1 is a key factor in connecting nutrient signalling with light response and establishes a signalling output pathway independent of BLR1 and BLR2. We used two biological replicates of three T. reesei strains (delta-blr1, delta-blr2 and delta-env1), cultivated in constant light (LL, 1800 lux) or constant darkness (DD) on microcrystalline cellulose. The strains used in this study were cultivated, hybridized and analyzed together with strains and samples from GSE27581; the corresponding wild-type strain QM9414 samples have accession numbers GSM683732, GSM683733, GSM683734 and GSM683735.
2012-03-31 | E-GEOD-36448 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the transcriptome upon growth on different carbon sources in light or darkness.
2016-10-03 | GSE81365 | GEO
Project description:Investigation of whole genome gene expression level changes in response to different light conditions of the T. reesei QM9414 deletion strains delta-blr1, delta-blr2 and delta env1 cultivated on 1% microcrystalline cellulose. Perception and proper interpretation of environmental signals is crucial for survival in any natural habitat. Although the biotechnological workhorse Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) is predominantly known for its capability of efficient plant cell wall degradation, recent studies show that it has not lost its evolutionary heritage. Transmission of nutrient signals via the heterotrimeric G protein pathway has been shown to be influenced by light. We show that this interconnection is mainly established by the light regulatory protein ENV1 and the phosducin-like protein PhLP1 via mutual transcriptional regulation and influence on GNB1 (G protein beta subunit) function. ENV1 thereby exerts a more severe effect on gene transcription than BLR1 or BLR2. Lack of either one of the photoreceptors or PhLP1, GNB1 or GNG1 leads to a partial shutdown of processes upregulated in light, indicating that heterotrimeric G protein signalling exerts its major function in light and is a target of the light response machinery. Consequently, signals transmitted via the G protein pathway are of different relevance in light and darkness. Investigation of regulation of glycoside hydrolases as one of the major output pathways of this mechanism revealed that 79% of all genes belonging to this group, representing all GH-families available in T. reesei, are potentially responsive to light. We conclude that ENV1 is a key factor in connecting nutrient signalling with light response and establishes a signalling output pathway independent of BLR1 and BLR2.
2012-04-01 | GSE36448 | GEO
Project description:YPR2 is a light dependent regulator of carbon and secondary metabolism in Trichoderma reesei
| PRJNA488233 | ENA
Project description:The filamentous fungus Trichoderma reesei is a prolific producer of plant cell wall degrading enzymes, which are regulated in response to diverse environmental signals for optimal adaptation, but also produces a wide array of secondary metabolites. Available carbon source and light are the strongest cues currently known to impact secreted enzyme levels and an interplay with regulation of secondary metabolism became increasingly obvious in recent years. While cellulase regulation is already known to be modulated by different mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, the relevance of the light signal, which is transmitted by this pathway in other fungi as well, is still unknown in T. reesei as are interconnections to secondary metabolism and chemical communication under mating conditions. Here we show that MAPkinases differentially influence cellulase regulation in light and darkness and that the Hog1 homologue TMK3, but not TMK1 or TMK2 are required for the chemotropic response to glucose in T. reesei. Additionally, MAPkinases regulate production of specific secondary metabolites including trichodimerol and bisorbibutenolid, a bioactive compound with cytostatic effect on cancer cells and deterrent effect on larvae, under conditions facilitating mating, which reflects a defect in chemical communication. Strains lacking either of the MAPkinases become female sterile, indicating the conservation of the role of MAPkinases in sexual fertility also in T. reesei. In summary, our findings substantiate the previously detected interconnection of cellulase regulation with regulation of secondary metabolism as well as the involvement of MAPkinases in light dependent gene regulation of cellulase and secondary metabolite genes in fungi.
| S-EPMC9894936 | biostudies-literature
Project description:We investigated the function of the SNX/H-type regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) protein RGS4 and found alterations in enzyme regulation, stress response, siderophore production and metabolism of several carbon sources in light and darkness
2022-12-12 | GSE216955 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundThe tropical ascomycete Trichoderma reesei (Hypocrea jecorina) represents one of the most efficient plant cell wall degraders. Regulation of the enzymes required for this process is affected by nutritional signals as well as other environmental signals including light.ResultsOur transcriptome analysis of strains lacking the photoreceptors BLR1 and BLR2 as well as ENV1 revealed a considerable increase in the number of genes showing significantly different transcript levels in light and darkness compared to wild-type. We show that members of all glycoside hydrolase families can be subject to light dependent regulation, hence confirming nutrient utilization including plant cell wall degradation as a major output pathway of light signalling. In contrast to N. crassa, photoreceptor mediated regulation of carbon metabolism in T. reesei occurs primarily by BLR1 and BLR2 via their positive effect on induction of env1 transcription, rather than by a presumed negative effect of ENV1 on the function of the BLR complex. Nevertheless, genes consistently regulated by photoreceptors in N. crassa and T. reesei are significantly enriched in carbon metabolic functions. Hence, different regulatory mechanisms are operative in these two fungi, while the light dependent regulation of plant cell wall degradation appears to be conserved.Analysis of growth on different carbon sources revealed that the oxidoreductive D-galactose and pentose catabolism is influenced by light and ENV1. Transcriptional regulation of the target enzymes in these pathways is enhanced by light and influenced by ENV1, BLR1 and/or BLR2. Additionally we detected an ENV1-regulated genomic cluster of 9 genes including the D-mannitol dehydrogenase gene lxr1, with two genes of this cluster showing consistent regulation in N. crassa.ConclusionsWe show that one major output pathway of light signalling in Trichoderma reesei is regulation of glycoside hydrolase genes and the degradation of hemicellulose building blocks. Targets of ENV1 and BLR1/BLR2 are for the most part distinct and indicate individual functions for ENV1 and the BLR complex besides their postulated regulatory interrelationship.
| S-EPMC3831817 | biostudies-literature