Inhibition of cancer cell self-renewal through an epigenetic HDACi-histone H1.0 axis.
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE119369 | GEO | 2020/02/20
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Inhibition of cancer cell self-renewal through an epigenetic HDACi-histone H1.0 axis.
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Project description:Continuous cancer growth is driven by subsets of self-renewing malignant cells. Targeting of uncontrolled self-renewal through inhibition of stem cell-related signaling pathways has proven challenging. Here, we show that cancer cells can be selectively deprived of self-renewal ability by interfering with their epigenetic state. Re-expression of histone H1.0, a tumor-suppressive factor that inhibits cancer cell self-renewal in many cancer types, can be broadly induced by the clinically well-tolerated compound Quisinostat. Through H1.0, Quisinostat inhibits cancer cell self-renewal and halts tumor maintenance without affecting normal stem cell function. Quisinostat also hinders expansion of cells surviving targeted therapy, independently of the cancer types and the resistance mechanism, and inhibits disease relapse in mouse models of lung cancer. Our results identify H1.0 as a major mediator of Quisinostat's antitumor effect and suggest that sequential administration of targeted therapy and Quisinostat may be a broadly applicable strategy to induce a prolonged response in patients.
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Project description:Previous studies suggested that MeCP2 binds to linker DNA and competes with linker histone H1 to regulate chromatin structure, but this hypothesis has never been tested in vivo. Here, we expressed Flag-tagged H1.0 in forebrain excitatory neurons in mice and performed ChIP-Seq to reveal H1.0 distribution and its relationship with MeCP2. Unexpectedly, we detected no major change in H1.0 upon MeCP2 depletion, revealing that MeCP2 functions independent of linker H1.0.
2018-05-28 | GSE95471 | GEO
Project description:Previous studies suggested that MeCP2 binds to linker DNA and competes with linker histone H1 to regulate chromatin structure, but this hypothesis has never been tested in vivo. Here, we expressed Flag-tagged H1.0 in forebrain excitatory neurons in mice and performed ChIP-Seq to reveal H1.0 distribution and its relationship with MeCP2. Unexpectedly, we detected no major change in H1.0 upon MeCP2 depletion, revealing that MeCP2 functions independent of linker H1.0.
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Project description:Eukaryotic nuclei encase the genome and differentially package it for the various needs of distinct cell types. Tuning of genome structure and function is accomplished by chromatin binding proteins, which are responsive to cellular stress, determining the transcriptome and phenotype of the cell. We sought to investigate the connection between extracellular stress and chromatin structure to regulate cellular stiffness. We demonstrate that the linker histone H1.0, which compacts nucleosomes into higher order chromatin fibers, controls genome structure and cellular response to stress. Histone H1.0 has privileged expression in tension-responsive fibroblasts across tissue types in mouse and humans, and is necessary and sufficient to mount a myofibroblast phenotype in these cells. Loss of histone H1.0 prevents transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)-induced fibroblast contraction, proliferation and migration in an isoform-specific manner via inhibition of a transcriptome targeting extracellular matrix molecules. Histone H1.0 is associated with local regulation of gene expression by chromatin fiber compaction and histone acetylation, rendering the nucleus and cell stiffer in response to cytokine stimulation. Knockdown of H1.0 decreased levels of HDAC1 and the chromatin reader BRD4, thereby preventing transcription of a fibrotic gene program. Transient depletion of histone H1.0 in vivo decompacts chromatin and prevents fibrosis in cardiac muscle, lung, and kidney, thereby linking chromatin structure with fibroblast phenotype in response to extracellular stress. Our work identifies an unexpected role of linker histones to sense and respond to cellular stress, directly coupling cellular tension, nuclear organization and gene transcription.
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Project description:Eukaryotic nuclei encase the genome and differentially package it for the various needs of distinct cell types. Tuning of genome structure and function is accomplished by chromatin binding proteins, which are responsive to cellular stress, determining the transcriptome and phenotype of the cell. We sought to investigate the connection between extracellular stress and chromatin structure to regulate cellular stiffness. We demonstrate that the linker histone H1.0, which compacts nucleosomes into higher order chromatin fibers, controls genome structure and cellular response to stress. Histone H1.0 has privileged expression in tension-responsive fibroblasts across tissue types in mouse and humans, and is necessary and sufficient to mount a myofibroblast phenotype in these cells. Loss of histone H1.0 prevents transforming growth factor beta (TGF-b)-induced fibroblast contraction, proliferation and migration in an isoform-specific manner via inhibition of a transcriptome targeting extracellular matrix molecules. Histone H1.0 is associated with local regulation of gene expression by chromatin fiber compaction and histone acetylation, rendering the nucleus and cell stiffer in response to cytokine stimulation. Knockdown of H1.0 decreased levels of HDAC1 and the chromatin reader BRD4, thereby preventing transcription of a fibrotic gene program. Transient depletion of histone H1.0 in vivo decompacts chromatin and prevents fibrosis in cardiac muscle, lung, and kidney, thereby linking chromatin structure with fibroblast phenotype in response to extracellular stress. Our work identifies an unexpected role of linker histones to sense and respond to cellular stress, directly coupling cellular tension, nuclear organization and gene transcription.
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Project description:Mouse haematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) undergo a post-natal transition in several properties, including a marked reduction in their self-renewal activity. We now show that the developmentally timed change in this key function of HSCs is associated with their decreased expression of Lin28b and an accompanying increase in their let-7 microRNA levels. Lentivirus(LV)-mediated overexpression of Lin28 in adult HSCs elevates their self-renewal activity in transplanted irradiated hosts, as does overexpression of Hmga2, a well-established let-7 target that is upregulated in fetal HSCs. Conversely, HSCs from fetal Hmga2-/- mice do not display the heightened self-renewal activity that is characteristic of wild-type fetal HSCs. Interestingly, overexpression of Hmga2 in adult HSCs does not mimic the ability of elevated Lin28 to activate a fetal lymphoid differentiation program. Thus Lin28b may act as a master regulator of developmentally timed changes in HSC programs with Hmga2 serving as its specific downstream modulator of HSC self-renewal potential. Lin-Sca1+cKit+ cells were isolated from E14.5 fetal livers (of wild-type of Hmga2-/- embryos) or the bone marrow of 8-12 week old mice by fluorescence activated cell sorting. The RNA was extracted and hybridized on Affymetrix mpuse gene 1.0 ST microarrays.
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