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DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE119403 | GEO | 2019/08/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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DUX4-Induced Histone Variants H3.X and H3.Y Mark DUX4 Target Genes for Expression.

Project description:The DUX4 transcription factor is briefly expressed in the early cleavage-stage embryo, where it induces an early wave of zygotic gene transcription, whereas its mis-expression in skeletal muscle causes the muscular dystrophy facioscapulohumeral dystrophy (FSHD). Here, we show that DUX4 induces the expression of the histone variants H3.X and H3.Y. We have used a myoblast cell line with doxycycline-inducible DUX4 to show that these histone variants are incorporated throughout the body of DUX4-induced genes. Following a brief pulse of DUX4, these histones contribute to greater perdurance and to enhanced re-activation of DUX4 target gene expression. These findings provide a model for H3.X/Y as a chromatin mechanism that facilitates the expression of DUX4 target genes subsequent to a brief pulse of DUX4 expression.

| S-EPMC6886682 | biostudies-literature

DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (RNA-seq)

Project description:We determined the effects of short pulses of DUX4 expression on genome-wide transcription, mimicking the embryonic expression of this gene, using a DUX4-inducible cell culture model of FSHD (MB135iDUX4). We found that a second pulse of DUX4 has a synergistic effect and shows greater induction of DUX4 targets. Knockdown of DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y has no effect on DUX4 targets with a single pulse of DUX4 but eliminates the superinduction seen with a second pulse, showing that these histones are required for this increase in expression.

2019-08-31 | GSE119402 | GEO

DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (CUT&RUN)

2019-08-31 | GSE119401 | GEO

DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression

Project description:DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression

| PRJNA489180 | ENA

DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (CUT&RUN)

Project description:DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (CUT&RUN)

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DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (RNA-seq)

Project description:DUX4-induced histone variants H3.X and H3.Y mark DUX4 target genes for expression (RNA-seq)

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Polyadenylated H3 histone transcripts and H3 histone variants in alfalfa.

Project description:Histone H3 mRNAs were found in polyA(+) fractions of total RNA prepared from alfalfa plants, calli and somatic embryos. The sequence analysis of cDNAs revealed the presence of a polyA tail on independent alfalfa H3 mRNAs. A highly conserved sequence motif AAUGAAA identified about 20bp upstream from the 3' ends of the alfalfa H3 cDNAs was suggested to be one of the possible regulatory elements in the 3' end formation and polyadenylation. Three out of the four analysed H3 cDNAs have more than 97% homology with a genomic clone and encode the same protein. While the fourth represents a minor species with only 78.8% homology to the coding region of the genomic clone and encodes a H3 histone with four amino acid replacements. On the basis of compilation analysis we suggest a consensus sequence for plant H3 histones which differs from that of animal's by four amino acid changes.

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A novel P300 inhibitor reverses DUX4-mediated global histone H3 hyperacetylation, target gene expression, and cell death.

Project description:Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy (FSHD) results from mutations causing overexpression of the transcription factor, DUX4, which interacts with the histone acetyltransferases, EP300 and CBP. We describe the activity of a new spirocyclic EP300/CBP inhibitor, iP300w, which inhibits the cytotoxicity of the DUX4 protein and reverses the overexpression of most DUX4 target genes, in engineered cell lines and FSHD myoblasts, as well as in an FSHD animal model. In evaluating the effect of iP300w on global histone H3 acetylation, we discovered that DUX4 overexpression leads to a dramatic global increase in the total amount of acetylated histone H3. This unexpected effect requires the C-terminus of DUX4, is conserved with mouse Dux, and may facilitate zygotic genome activation. This global increase in histone H3 acetylation is reversed by iP300w, highlighting the central role of EP300 and CBP in the transcriptional mechanism underlying DUX4 cytotoxicity and the translational potential of blocking this interaction.

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Histone H3 Variants in Trichomonas vaginalis.

Project description:The parabasalid protist Trichomonas vaginalis is a widespread parasite that affects humans, frequently causing vaginitis in infected women. Trichomonad mitosis is marked by the persistence of the nuclear membrane and the presence of an asymmetric extranuclear spindle with no obvious direct connection to the chromosomes. No centromeric markers have been described in T. vaginalis, which has prevented a detailed analysis of mitotic events in this organism. In other eukaryotes, nucleosomes of centromeric chromatin contain the histone H3 variant CenH3. The principal aim of this work was to identify a CenH3 homolog in T. vaginalis. We performed a screen of the T. vaginalis genome to retrieve sequences of canonical and variant H3 histones. Three variant histone H3 proteins were identified, and the subcellular localization of their epitope-tagged variants was determined. The localization of the variant TVAG_185390 could not be distinguished from that of the canonical H3 histone. The sequence of the variant TVAG_087830 closely resembled that of histone H3. The tagged protein colocalized with sites of active transcription, indicating that the variant TVAG_087830 represented H3.3 in T. vaginalis. The third H3 variant (TVAG_224460) was localized to 6 or 12 distinct spots at the periphery of the nucleus, corresponding to the number of chromosomes in G(1) phase and G(2) phase, respectively. We propose that this variant represents the centromeric marker CenH3 and thus can be employed as a tool to study mitosis in T. vaginalis. Furthermore, we suggest that the peripheral distribution of CenH3 within the nucleus results from the association of centromeres with the nuclear envelope throughout the cell cycle.

| S-EPMC3346420 | biostudies-literature

The histone H3 lysine 4 presenter WDR5 induces N-Myc target gene transcription and promotes neuroblastoma

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below. Refer to individual Series

2015-12-31 | E-GEOD-70099 | biostudies-arrayexpress