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RNAseq in BAP1 KO primary mouse mesothelial cells

ABSTRACT: Malignancies arising from mutation of tumor suppressor genes display an unexplained tissue proclivity. For example, tumor suppressor BAP1 encodes a ubiquitously expressed deubiquitinase for histone H2A but germline mutations predominantly cause uveal melanomas and mesotheliomas. We show that BAP1 inactivation causes apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem cells, fibroblasts, liver and pancreas, whereas melanocytes and mesothelial cells remain viable. E3 ligase RNF2, which silences genes by monoubiquitinating H2A, promoted apoptosis in BAP1-deficient cells by suppressing the pro-survival genes Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Our data argue that BAP1 modulates gene expression by countering H2A ubiquitination, but its loss only promotes tumorigenesis in cells that do not engage an RNF2-dependent apoptotic program. We propose that intolerance of BAP1 loss, and perhaps the loss of other tumor suppressors, restricts the mutant tumor spectrum.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE120415 | GEO | 2019/03/26

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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RNAseq in BAP1 KO primary mouse melanocytes

Project description:Malignancies arising from mutation of tumor suppressor genes display an unexplained tissue proclivity. For example, tumor suppressor BAP1 encodes a ubiquitously expressed deubiquitinase for histone H2A but germline mutations predominantly cause uveal melanomas and mesotheliomas. We show that BAP1 inactivation causes apoptosis in mouse embryonic stem cells, fibroblasts, liver and pancreas, whereas melanocytes and mesothelial cells remain viable. E3 ligase RNF2, which silences genes by monoubiquitinating H2A, promoted apoptosis in BAP1-deficient cells by suppressing the pro-survival genes Bcl-2 and Mcl-1. Our data argue that BAP1 modulates gene expression by countering H2A ubiquitination, but its loss only promotes tumorigenesis in cells that do not engage an RNF2-dependent apoptotic program. We propose that intolerance of BAP1 loss, and perhaps the loss of other tumor suppressors, restricts the mutant tumor spectrum.

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Rare germline heterozygous missense variants of the BRCA1-Associated Protein 1 gene, BAP1, heterozygous missense variants cause a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder

Project description:Nuclear deubiquitinase BAP1 (BRCA1-Associated Protein 1) is a core component of multiprotein complexes that promote transcription by reversing the ubiquitination of histone 2A (H2A). BAP1 is a tumor suppressor gene whose germline loss-of-function variants predispose to cancer. To our knowledge, there are very rare examples of different germline variants in the same gene causing either a NDD or a tumor predisposition syndrome. Here, we report a series of 11 de novo germline heterozygous missense BAP1 variants associated with a rare syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder (NDD). Functional analysis showed that most of the variants cannot rescue the consequences of BAP1 inactivation, suggesting a loss-of-function mechanism. In T cells isolated from two affected children, H2A deubiquitination was impaired in matching peripheral blood mononuclear cells, histone H3 K27 acetylation ChIP-seq indicated that these BAP1 variants induced genome-wide chromatin state alterations, with enrichment for regulatory regions surrounding genes of the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). Altogether, these results define a clinical syndrome caused by rare germline missense BAP1 variants that alter chromatin remodeling through abnormal histone ubiquitination and lead to transcriptional dysregulation of developmental genes.

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Mesothelioma tumor aCGH profiles

Project description:Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) often show CDKN2A and NF2 inactivation but other highly recurrent mutations have not been described. To identify additional driver genes, we used an integrated genomic analysis of 53 MPM tumor samples to guide a focused sequencing effort that uncovered somatic inactivating mutations in BAP1 in 23% of MPM. The BAP1 nuclear deubiquitinase is known to target histones (together with ASXL1 as a Polycomb repressor subunit) and the HCF1 transcriptional co-factor, and we show that BAP1 knockdown in MPM cell lines affects E2F and Polycomb target genes. These findings implicate transcriptional deregulation in the pathogenesis of MPM. DNA from 53 malignant pleural mesothelioma tumors was collected and hybridized to aCGH arrays. Data were analyzed to create gain and loss profiles for each tumor. This submission includes gcNormalized-data.

2011-09-25 | E-GEOD-29902 | biostudies-arrayexpress

aCGH data for mesothelioma cell lines

Project description:Malignant pleural mesotheliomas (MPMs) often show CDKN2A and NF2 inactivation but other highly recurrent mutations have not been described. To identify additional driver genes, we used an integrated genomic analysis of 53 MPM tumor samples to guide a focused sequencing effort that uncovered somatic inactivating mutations in BAP1 in 23% of MPM. The BAP1 nuclear deubiquitinase is known to target histones (together with ASXL1 as a Polycomb repressor subunit) and the HCF1 transcriptional co-factor, and we show that BAP1 knockdown in MPM cell lines affects E2F and Polycomb target genes. These findings implicate transcriptional deregulation in the pathogenesis of MPM. Genomic DNA was harvested from untreated malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM) cell lines and used to generate gain/loss profiles for each line using aCGH.

2011-05-19 | E-GEOD-29383 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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2012-06-09 | E-GEOD-36895 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Proteomic analysis identifies novel BRCA1-associated protein 1 binding proteins

Project description:BRCA1-associated protein 1 (BAP1) is a tumor suppressor and its loss can result in mesothelioma, uveal and cutaneous melanoma, clear cell renal cell carcinoma and bladder cancer. BAP1 is a deubiquitinating enzyme of the UCH class that has been implicated in various cellular processes like cell growth, cell cycle progression, ferroptosis and ER metabolic stress response. Here, we identify novel BAP1 interacting proteins in the cytoplasm by expressing GFP-tagged BAP1 in an endogenous BAP1 deficient cell line using affinity purification followed by mass spec (AP-MS) analysis. Among these novel interacting proteins are all subunits of the heptameric coat protein complex I (COPI) that is involved in vesicle formation and protein cargo binding and sorting.

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DNA Copy-Number Alterations in clear-cell Renal Cell Carcinoma (ccRCC) Tumors and Tumorgrafts for samples deficient in BAP1 or PBRM1

Project description:Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exhibits some unusual features and genes commonly mutated in cancer are rarely mutated in clear-cell RCC (ccRCC), the most common type. The most prevalent genetic alteration in ccRCC is the inactivation of the tumor suppressor gene VHL. Using whole-genome and exome sequencing we discovered BAP1 as a novel tumor suppressor in ccRCC that shows little overlap with mutations in PBRM1, another recent tumor suppressor. Whereas VHL was mutated in 81% of the patients (142/176), PBRM1 was lost in 58% and BAP1 in 15% of the patients analyzed. All these tumor suppressor genes are located in chromosome 3p, which is partially or completely lost in most ccRCC patients. However, BAP1 but not PBRM1 loss was associated with higher Fuhrman grade and, therefore, poorer outcome. Xenograft tumors (tumorgrafts) implanted orthotopically in mice retained >92% of mutations and exhibited similar DNA copy number alterations to corresponding primary tumors. Thus, after inactivation of VHL, the acquisition of a mutation in BAP1 or PBRM1 defines a different program that might alter the fate of the patient. Our results establish the foundation for an integrated pathological and molecular genetic classification of about 70% of ccRCC patients, paving the way for subtype-specific treatments exploiting genetic vulnerabilities. The genomic DNA of clear-cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) primary tumors, tumors growing in immunodeficient mice (tumorgrafts), and normal samples were labeled and hybridized to Affymetrix SNP arrays 6.0.

2012-06-09 | E-GEOD-25540 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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Project description:BAP1 has been studied as a tumor suppressor. Our aim was to characterize genes that were altered in various hematopoietic cell types upon deletion of BAP1. BAP1 WT versus KO cells.

2012-11-07 | E-GEOD-40541 | biostudies-arrayexpress

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