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MRNAs and lncRNAs expression data of chondrogenic differentiated and undifferentiated murine chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells

ABSTRACT: Chondrogenic differentiation is a coordinated biological process regulated by various cell signalings at both transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. In this study, microarray was performed to detect the expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs during chondrogenic differentiation of murine chondrogenic cell line ATDC5.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE124424 | GEO | 2018/12/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Mutations in the RMRP gene are the origin of cartilage-hair hypoplasia. Cartilage-hair hypoplasia is associated with severe dwarfism caused by impaired skeletal development. However, it is not clear why mutations in the RMRP gene lead to skeletal dysplasia. Viperin is a known substrate of RMRP. Since chondrogenic differentiation of the growth plate is required for development of the long bones, we hypothesized that viperin functions as a chondrogenic regulator downstream of RMRP. Viperin protein is expressed throughout the stages of chondrogenic differentiation in vivo. Viperin gene expression is increased during knockdown of Rmrp RNA in the ATDC5 model for chondrogenic differentiation. Viperin is expressed during ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation. Viperin knockdown reduces, while viperin overexpression increases overall protein secretion, with CXCL10 identified as a potential target via mass spectrometry-proteomics. CXCL10 protein expression is reduced during knockdown and increased during overexpression of viperin and CXCL10 protein expression coincides with viperin expression in ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation. Viperin knockdown induces, while viperin overexpression reduces TGFβ activity. Furthermore, viperin knockdown conditioned media increases, while viperin overexpression conditioned media reduces chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5 cells. TGFβ target genes Pai1 and Smad7 are increased during knockdown and reduced during overexpression of viperin. Moreover, TGFβ activity is reduced when differentiating ATDC5 cells are exposed to CXCL10 and, acting as a viperin overexpression mimic, CXCL10 similarly reduces chondrogenic differentiation of ATDC5. Lastly, we show that in CHH patient cells, RMRP expression is reduced and viperin expression is increased, coinciding with reduced chondrogenic differentiation and increased CXCL10 expression, possibly explaining the CHH phenotype. Together our data show that viperin may play a pivotal role in chondrogenic differentiation, with potential consequences for cartilage-hair hypoplasia pathobiology.

Project description:Introduction: In addition to the well-known cartilage extracellular matrix-related expression of Sox9, we demonstrated that chondrogenic differentiation of progenitor cells is driven by a sharply defined bi-phasic expression of Sox9: an immediate early and a late (extracellular matrix associated) phase expression. In this study we aimed to determine what biological processes are driven by Sox9 during this early phase of chondrogenic differentiation. Materials: Sox9 expression in ATDC5 cells was knocked-down by siRNA transfection at the day before chondrogenic differentiation or at day 6 of differentiation. Samples were harvested at 2 hours, and 7 days of differentiation. The mRNA sequencing library was generated using TruSeq mRNA sample preparation kit (Illumina, Eindhoven, the Netherlands). In short, mRNA was enriched using magnetic beads coated with poly-dT, followed by fragmentation. The fragmented mRNA enriched samples were subjected to cDNA synthesis by reverse transcriptase, followed by dA-tailing and ligation of specific double-stranded bar-coded adapters. Next, the library was amplified and following cleanup the sizes of the libraries were determined on an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyzer via a DNA 1000 chip according manufacturer’s protocol. Pooled libraries consisting of equal molar samples were sequenced on a high-output 75bp single read on the NextSeq500 (Illumina). For each sample, the number of reads covering one or more exons of a given transcript were extracted. Triplicates of samples that were treated with either Scrambled or Sox9 siRNAs, at two different time points, were grouped separately. A transcript was defined as expressed when all replicates of a group had at least 5 reads extracted within the transcript's region. The grouped data were then compared to one another. The fold-change difference and the p-value were calculated using R-package edgeR, after which the p-value was corrected for multiple testing (false discovery rate (FDR)-corrected). The transcriptomes using a RNA-seq approach was analyzed using pathway and network analyses. Results: Early Sox9 knockdown severely inhibited chondrogenic differentiation weeks later. Sox9 expression during the immediate early phase of ATDC5 chondrogenic differentiation regulated the expression of ribosome biogenesis factors and ribosomal protein subunits. This was accompanied by decreased translational capacity following Sox9 knockdown, and this correlated to lower amounts of active mono- and polysomes. Moreover, cap- versus IRES-mediated translation was altered by Sox9 knockdown. Sox9 overexpression was able to induce reciprocal effects to the Sox9 knockdown.

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MRNAs and lncRNAs expression data of chondrogenic differentiated and undifferentiated murine chondrogenic cell line ATDC5 cells

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