Gene expression signatures in blood and muscle biopsy after intramuscular immunization of healthy adult humans with adjuvanted vaccines (BIOVACSAFE protocol 305E)
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ABSTRACT: The gene expression in whole blood and simultaneous muscle biopsy (site of immunization and control contralateral non-injected leg) was measured in healthy adult male humans attending a research unit (CRC, University of Surrey, UK), who were randomized to receive a single immunization with an adjuvanted licensed vaccine or saline placebo control.
Project description:Gene expression signatures in blood and muscle biopsy after intramuscular immunization of healthy adult humans with adjuvanted vaccines (BIOVACSAFE protocol 305E)
Project description:The time course of whole blood gene expression was determined in healthy adult participants who were randomised to receive either a single intramuscular immunisation with MF59C adjuvanted influenza vaccine (FLUADD) or equivalent volume saline control (PLACEBOD).
Project description:The time course of whole blood gene expression was determined in healthy adult participants residing in an inpatient unit (CRC, University of Surrey, UK) to minimise background environmental variation, who were randomised into three protocols (305A, 305B and 305C) with study groups within each protocol (n = 20/21) receiving a single immunisation with a licensed vaccine or saline placebo control.
Project description:Here we applied systems approaches to investigate the innate and adaptive responses to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) and MF59-adjuvanted TIV (ATIV) in ninety 14-24 month old healthy children.
Project description:Intramuscular (IM) immunization is generally considered incapable of generating a protective mucosal immune response. In the swine industry, attempts to develop a safe and protective vaccine for controlling porcine epidemic diarrhea (PED) via an IM route of administration have been unsuccessful. In the present study, porcine chemokine ligand proteins CCL25, 27, and 28 were constructed and stably expressed in the mammalian expression system. IM co-administration of inactivated PEDV (iPEDV) particles with different CC chemokines and Freund's adjuvants resulted in recruiting CCR9+ and/or CCR10+ inflammatory cells to the injection site, thereby inducing superior systemic PEDV specific IgG, fecal IgA, and viral neutralizing antibodies in pigs. Moreover, pigs immunized with iPEDV in combination with CCL25 and CCL28 elicited substantial protection against a virulent PEDV challenge. We show that the porcine CC chemokines could be novel adjuvants for developing IM vaccines for modulating mucosal immune responses against mucosal transmissible pathogens in pigs.
Project description:The primary objective is to compare multiplex immune response signatures following two (primary and a boost) vaccinations with the GSK AS03 adjuvanted H5N1 influenza vaccine or the non-adjuvanted form of the H5N1 influenza vaccine at the 3.75 mcg dose and given 21 days apart and identify differences in very early innate immune responses. These immune signatures will also be correlated with the clinical observations especially safety related local and systemic events.
Project description:Transmission-blocking vaccines (TBVs) aim to disrupt malaria parasite development by targeting antigens expressed in the mosquito midgut and are considered an integral element of malaria eradication efforts. Here, we used non-human primates to demonstrate that immune responses to Pfs25, the leading TBV candidate, can be improved using unconjugated Pfs25 encapsulated in PLGA-based synthetic vaccine particles (SVP[Pfs25]) delivered subcutaneously, compared to the multimeric form, Pfs25-EPA administered intramuscularly. Pfs25-EPA given with the toll-like receptor (TLR)-based adjuvant GLA-LSQ induced robust Ab responses, but SVP[Pfs25] adjuvanted with GLA-LSQ or SVPs containing CpG or R848 increased Ab titers, Pfs25-specific plasmablasts, circulating memory B cells, and plasma cells in the bone marrow. Animals receiving R848 or CpG showed particularly strong type I IFN polarized innate activation, which correlated with increased Ab half-life. Only SVP[Pfs25] induced detectable Pfs25-specific CD4 Th1 and Tfh cells, correlating with improved Ab avidity. Collectively, multiple aspects of the responses elicited to Pfs25 indicate that the nanoparticle technology combined with TLR agonists is a promising platform for TBVs.
Project description:Intranasal (IN) immunization induces different genotype expression in CD8 memory T cells compared to the CD8 memory T cells induced by intramuscular (IM) immunization. We used microarrays to detail the global program of gene expression underlying the differential induction after IN or IM immunization.
Project description:Following the emergence and global spread of a novel H1N1 influenza virus in 2009, two A(H1N1)pdm/09 influenza vaccines produced from the A/California/07/09 H1N1 strain were selected and used for the national immunisation programme in the United Kingdom: an adjuvanted split virion vaccine and a non-adjuvanted whole virion vaccine. In this study, we assessed the immune responses generated in inbred large white pigs (Babraham line) following vaccination with these vaccines and after challenge with A(H1N1)pdm/09 virus three months post-vaccination. Both vaccines elicited strong antibody responses, which included high levels of influenza-specific IgG1 and haemagglutination inhibition titres to H1 virus. Immunisation with the adjuvanted split vaccine induced significantly higher interferon gamma production, increased frequency of interferon gamma-producing cells and proliferation of CD4(-)CD8(+) (cytotoxic) and CD4(+)CD8(+) (helper) T cells, after in vitro re-stimulation. Despite significant differences in the magnitude and breadth of immune responses in the two vaccinated and mock treated groups, similar quantities of viral RNA were detected from the nasal cavity in all pigs after live virus challenge. The present study provides support for the use of the pig as a valid experimental model for influenza infections in humans, including the assessment of protective efficacy of therapeutic interventions.