Diabetes severity is reflected by changes in a cardiac gene expression signature characterized by metabolism and cell death processes
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Rattus norvegicus
PROVIDER: GSE125451 | GEO | 2021/01/19
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Patients with long-duration diabetes develop cardiovascular complications resulting in highly increased mortality and complications which affect the kidneys, eyes and peripheral nerves associated with high morbidity. Among the diabetic complications, damage in the eye, diabetic retinopathy, is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes. Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of vision-loss globally. It is characterized by a number of different patho-mechanisms including changes in vascular permeability, capillary degeneration, and finally at a late stage overshooting formation of new blood vessels. This expression analysis focused on the use of different experimental models for Diabetes Mellitus and its complications (for a review see 1: Al-Awar et al: Experimental Diabetes Mellitus in Different Animal Models. J Diabetes Res. 2016; doi: 10.1155/2016/9051426). By that, we wanted to uncover the relative contributions of systemic hyperinsulinaemia and/or hyperglycemia to molecular regulations. The following models have been used: As insulinopenic, hyperglycemic model reflecting Type 1 diabetes, male STZ-Wistar rats (60mg/kg BW; i.p.) were used. Wistar rats without STZ injection served as non-diabetic controls. Male obese ZDF rats (Fa/Fa) were used as type-2 diabetes model characterized by persisting hyperglycemia and transient hyperinsulinemia. Male lean ZDF rats (Fa/-) served as non-diabetic controls. Male obese ZF rats (Fa/Fa) hyperglycemia were used reflecting euglycemia and severe insulin resistance. Male lean ZF rats (Fa/-) served as controls. ZDF and ZF rats were obtained in two genotypes, obese (genotype fa/fa) and lean littermates (genotype Fa/?). All rats were housed in standard cages under a normal light-dark cycle for 16 weeks. All animals had free access to food and water. ZF and Wistar rats received a standard chow (Ssniff R/M) and ZDF rats received Purina 5008 chow. A group size of n=8 were used for all study groups. Wistar rats were rendered type-1 like hyperglycemic and hypoinsulinemic via a single injection of streptocotocin (STZ, 60mg/kg; i.p.) at 7 weeks of age. Obese ZDF rats (fa/fa) develop spontaneously a type-2 diabetes phenotype with persisting hyperglycemia and transient hyperinsulinemia (hyperglycemic, hypoinsulinemic). Obese ZF rats (fa/fa) develop insulin resistance with permanent hyperinsulinemia without concomitant hyperglycemia and no overt diabetes phenotype. Non STZ treated Wistar rats, lean ZDF littermates (Fa/?), and lean ZF littermates (Fa/?) served as controls. All groups were kept for 12 weeks on respective conditions together with appropriate age-matched controls. Unbiased gene expression analysis was performed per group using Affymetrix gene arrays.
2017-03-31 | E-MTAB-5563 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:This model is from the article:
A model of beta-cell mass, insulin, and glucose kinetics: pathways to diabetes.
Topp B, Promislow K, deVries G, Miura RM, Finegood DT.
J Theor Biol.2000 Oct 21;206(4):605-19.
11013117,
Abstract:
Diabetes is a disease of the glucose regulatory system that is associated with increased morbidity and early mortality. The primary variables of this system are beta-cell mass, plasma insulin concentrations, and plasma glucose concentrations. Existing mathematical models of glucose regulation incorporate only glucose and/or insulin dynamics. Here we develop a novel model of beta -cell mass, insulin, and glucose dynamics, which consists of a system of three nonlinear ordinary differential equations, where glucose and insulin dynamics are fast relative to beta-cell mass dynamics. For normal parameter values, the model has two stable fixed points (representing physiological and pathological steady states), separated on a slow manifold by a saddle point. Mild hyperglycemia leads to the growth of the beta -cell mass (negative feedback) while extreme hyperglycemia leads to the reduction of the beta-cell mass (positive feedback). The model predicts that there are three pathways in prolonged hyperglycemia: (1) the physiological fixed point can be shifted to a hyperglycemic level (regulated hyperglycemia), (2) the physiological and saddle points can be eliminated (bifurcation), and (3) progressive defects in glucose and/or insulin dynamics can drive glucose levels up at a rate faster than the adaptation of the beta -cell mass which can drive glucose levels down (dynamical hyperglycemia).
2024-09-02 | BIOMD0000000341 | BioModels
Project description:A Model of β -Cell Mass, Insulin, and Glucose Kinetics: Pathways to Diabetes
BRIANTOPP, KEITHPROMISLOW, GERDADEVRIES, ROBERT MMIURA, DIANE TFINEGOOD
Diabetes is a disease of the glucose regulatory system that is associated with increasedmorbidity and early mortality. The primary variables of this system areb-cell mass, plasmainsulin concentrations, and plasma glucose concentrations. Existing mathematical models ofglucose regulation incorporate only glucose and/or insulin dynamics. Here we develop a novelmodel ofb-cell mass, insulin, and glucose dynamics, which consists of a system of threenonlinear ordinary di!erential equations, where glucose and insulin dynamics are fast relativetob-cell mass dynamics. For normal parameter values, the model has two stable"xed points(representing physiological and pathological steady states), separated on a slow manifold bya saddle point. Mild hyperglycemia leads to the growth of theb-cell mass (negative feedback)while extreme hyperglycemia leads to the reduction of theb-cell mass (positive feedback). Themodel predicts that there are three pathways in prolonged hyperglycemia: (1) the physiological"xed point can be shifted to a hyperglycemic level (regulated hyperglycemia), (2) the physio-logical and saddle points can be eliminated (bifurcation), and (3) progressive defects in glucoseand/or insulin dynamics can drive glucose levels up at a rate faster than the adaptation of theb-cell mass which can drive glucose levels down (dynamical hyperglycemi
2020-01-08 | MODEL2001080002 | BioModels
Project description:Dietary fat quality may influence skeletal muscle lipid handling and fat accumulation, thereby modulating insulin sensitivity. Objective: To examine acute effects of meals with various fatty acid (FA) compositions on skeletal muscle FA handling and postprandial insulin sensitivity in obese insulin resistant men. Design: In a single-blinded randomized crossover study, 10 insulin resistant men consumed three high-fat mixed-meals (2.6MJ). Meals were high in saturated FA (SFA), in monounsaturated FA (MUFA) or in polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). Fasting and postprandial skeletal muscle FA handling were examined by measuring arterio-venous concentration differences across forearm muscle. [2H2]-palmitate was infused intravenously to label endogenous triacylglycerol (TAG) and FFA in the circulation and [U-13C]-palmitate was added to the meal to label chylomicron-TAG. Skeletal muscle biopsies were taken to assess intramuscular lipid metabolism and gene expression. Results: Insulin and glucose responses (AUC) after SFA meal were significantly higher compared with PUFA meal (p=0.003 and 0.028, respectively). Uptake of TAG-derived FA was significantly lower in the early postprandial phase after PUFA meal as compared with other meals (AUC60-120, p<0.001). The PUFA meal induced less transcriptional downregulation of oxidative pathways compared with other meals. The fractional synthetic rate was higher in DAG and PL fraction after MUFA and PUFA meal. Conclusion: Intake of a PUFA meal reduced TAG-derived skeletal muscle FA uptake, which was accompanied by higher postprandial insulin sensitivity and a tendency towards a higher muscle lipid turnover. These data suggest that the effects of replacement of SFA by PUFA may contribute to less muscle lipid uptake and may be therefore protective against the development of insulin resistance. Keywords: expression profiling by array randomized crossover dietary intervention study
2012-02-21 | E-GEOD-31901 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:1. Background- Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) catalyze the conversion of long-chain fatty acids (FA) to fatty acyl-CoAs. Cardiac-specific ACSL1 knockout results in a shift towards glycolysis that promotes mTORC1-mediated ventricular hypertrophy. We used unbiased metabolomics and gene expression analyses to examine the early effects of genetic inactivation of FA oxidation on cardiac metabolism and function. 2. Methods and Results- Compared to WT hearts, global cardiac transcriptional analysis revealed differential expression of 245 genes in Acsl1H-/- hearts 2 weeks after Acsl1 ablation. Comparison of the 2- and 10-week transcriptional responses uncovered 139 genes whose expression was uniquely changed upon short-term cardiac inactivation of ACSL1. In particular, partial ACSL1 ablation led to the distinct upregulation of fibrosis genes, a phenomenon not observed after complete ACSL1 knockout. Metabolomic analysis identified 65 metabolites altered in hearts displaying partially reduced ACSL activity, whereas rapamycin treatment normalized the cardiac metabolomic fingerprint. Chronic mTOR inhibition via rapamycin treatment revealed novel mTORC1 targets involved in fibrosis, amino acid catabolism, and mitochondrial transport and metabolism. 3. Conclusions- Short-term cardiac-specific ACSL1 inactivation (Acsl1H-/-) resulted in metabolic and transcriptional derangements distinct from those observed upon complete ACSL1 knockout, leading to the identification of novel mTORC1 targets that regulate cardiac hypertrophy development, and suggesting heart-specific mTOR signaling that occurs during the early stages of substrate switching. Moreover, the rate of increased glucose use correlated negatively with hypertrophy development, strongly suggesting that hearts do not become hypertrophied if they can compensate or switch faster from FA to glucose use.
2018-04-27 | GSE103376 | GEO
Project description:1. Background- Long-chain acyl-CoA synthetases (ACSL) catalyze the conversion of long-chain fatty acids (FA) to fatty acyl-CoAs. Cardiac-specific ACSL1 knockout results in a shift towards glycolysis that promotes mTORC1-mediated ventricular hypertrophy. We used unbiased metabolomics and gene expression analyses to examine the early effects of genetic inactivation of FA oxidation on cardiac metabolism and function. 2. Methods and Results- Compared to WT hearts, global cardiac transcriptional analysis revealed differential expression of 245 genes in Acsl1H-/- hearts 2 weeks after Acsl1 ablation. Comparison of the 2- and 10-week transcriptional responses uncovered 139 genes whose expression was uniquely changed upon short-term cardiac inactivation of ACSL1. In particular, partial ACSL1 ablation led to the distinct upregulation of fibrosis genes, a phenomenon not observed after complete ACSL1 knockout. Metabolomic analysis identified 65 metabolites altered in hearts displaying partially reduced ACSL activity, whereas rapamycin treatment normalized the cardiac metabolomic fingerprint. Chronic mTOR inhibition via rapamycin treatment revealed novel mTORC1 targets involved in fibrosis, amino acid catabolism, and mitochondrial transport and metabolism. 3. Conclusions- Short-term cardiac-specific ACSL1 inactivation (Acsl1H-/-) resulted in metabolic and transcriptional derangements distinct from those observed upon complete ACSL1 knockout, leading to the identification of novel mTORC1 targets that regulate cardiac hypertrophy development, and suggesting heart-specific mTOR signaling that occurs during the early stages of substrate switching. Moreover, the rate of increased glucose use correlated negatively with hypertrophy development, strongly suggesting that hearts do not become hypertrophied if they can compensate or switch faster from FA to glucose use.
2018-04-27 | GSE103863 | GEO
Project description:Dietary fat quality may influence skeletal muscle lipid handling and fat accumulation, thereby modulating insulin sensitivity. Objective: To examine acute effects of meals with various fatty acid (FA) compositions on skeletal muscle FA handling and postprandial insulin sensitivity in obese insulin resistant men. Design: In a single-blinded randomized crossover study, 10 insulin resistant men consumed three high-fat mixed-meals (2.6MJ). Meals were high in saturated FA (SFA), in monounsaturated FA (MUFA) or in polyunsaturated FA (PUFA). Fasting and postprandial skeletal muscle FA handling were examined by measuring arterio-venous concentration differences across forearm muscle. [2H2]-palmitate was infused intravenously to label endogenous triacylglycerol (TAG) and FFA in the circulation and [U-13C]-palmitate was added to the meal to label chylomicron-TAG. Skeletal muscle biopsies were taken to assess intramuscular lipid metabolism and gene expression. Results: Insulin and glucose responses (AUC) after SFA meal were significantly higher compared with PUFA meal (p=0.003 and 0.028, respectively). Uptake of TAG-derived FA was significantly lower in the early postprandial phase after PUFA meal as compared with other meals (AUC60-120, p<0.001). The PUFA meal induced less transcriptional downregulation of oxidative pathways compared with other meals. The fractional synthetic rate was higher in DAG and PL fraction after MUFA and PUFA meal. Conclusion: Intake of a PUFA meal reduced TAG-derived skeletal muscle FA uptake, which was accompanied by higher postprandial insulin sensitivity and a tendency towards a higher muscle lipid turnover. These data suggest that the effects of replacement of SFA by PUFA may contribute to less muscle lipid uptake and may be therefore protective against the development of insulin resistance. Keywords: expression profiling by array
2012-02-21 | GSE31901 | GEO
Project description:insulin treatment protects islets from the initial rapid loss that is usually observed after transplantation and positively affects the outcome of islet transplantation in Akita mice. To study the molecular mechanism underlying the improved islet survival, expression profile analyses was performed to analyze the differences between the grafts transplanted into hyperglycemic and normoglycemic mice at 6 hours post-transplantation Cells were harvested at grafts for RNA extraction and hybridization on Affymetrix microarrays. We performed gene expression profiles of the transplanted mouse islets into hyperglycemic and normoglycemic mice at 6 hours post-transplantation
2014-04-18 | E-GEOD-55764 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The aim of the study was to identify the miRNA expression profile of CD4+CD25high Tregs in SCT patients with and without GvHD early and late after transplantation compared to healthy donors. pool of n = 3 patients without GvHD early (< d100) and late (> d100) after SCT, n=3 patients with GvHD early (< d100) and late (> d100) after SCT and n = 3 sex- and age matched healthy donors for every timepoint
2011-12-01 | E-GEOD-26769 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Folic acid (FA) supplementation may protect from obesity and insulin resistance, the effects and mechanism of FA on chronic high-fat-diet-induced obesity-related metabolic disorders are not well elucidated. We adopted a genome-wide approach to directly examine whether FA supplementation affects the DNA methylation profile of mouse adipose tissue and identify the functional consequences of these changes. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), normal diet (ND) or an HFD supplemented with folic acid (20 μg/ml in drinking water) for 10 weeks, epididymal fat was harvested, and genome-wide DNA methylation analyses were performed using methylated DNA immunoprecipitation sequencing (MeDIP-seq). Mice exposed to the HFD expanded their adipose mass, which was accompanied by a significant increase in circulating glucose and insulin levels. FA supplementation reduced the fat mass and serum glucose levels and improved insulin resistance in HFD-fed mice. MeDIP-seq revealed distribution of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) throughout the adipocyte genome, with more hypermethylated regions in HFD mice. Methylome profiling identified DMRs associated with 3787 annotated genes from HFD mice in response to FA supplementation. Pathway analyses showed novel DNA methylation changes in adipose genes associated with insulin secretion, pancreatic secretion and type 2 diabetes. The differential DNA methylation corresponded to changes in the adipose tissue gene expression of Adcy3 and Rapgef4 in mice exposed to a diet containing FA. FA supplementation improved insulin resistance, decreased the fat mass, and induced DNA methylation and gene expression changes in genes associated with obesity and insulin secretion in obese mice fed a HFD.
2018-06-30 | GSE97576 | GEO