Developmental gene expression profiles of the human pathogen Schistosoma japonicum
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma japonicum
PROVIDER: GSE12704 | GEO | 2008/09/12
SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA112721
REPOSITORIES: GEO
Similar Datasets
Project description:The life cycle of schistosomes is complex, being characterised by a series of distinct parasitic and free-living phases involving an invertebrate snail host, water and a mammalian host. A custom designed oligonucleotide microarray was utilized to profile developmental gene expression in the Asian blood fluke, Schistosoma japonicum during these parasitic and free-living transitions. Total RNAs were isolated from lung schistosomula, juvenile females and males (paired but little or no egg production), adult males and females (paired with full scale egg production), eggs, miracidia, sporocysts and cercariae. We focused on the three distinct environmental phases of the lifecycle - aquatic/snail (eggs, miracidia, sporocysts, cercariae), juvenile (lung schistosomula and paired pre-egg laying adults) and adult (paired males and females, both examined separately) stages. Single colour schistosome life cycle with technical replicates in triplicate: Separate adult female and male worms at 4, 6, 6.5 and 7 weeks; cercariae; eggs; miracidia; schistosomula; and sporocysts. This study includes 6 adult male biological replicates.
2010-06-19 | E-GEOD-12704 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Four separate biological collections of unfertilized eggs laid by wildtype females mated with sterile males, eggs dechorionated and snap-forzen in liquid nitrogen 0-1 hour after egg lay. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Keywords: Logical Set
2005-09-10 | GSE3287 | GEO
Project description:Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes impose a severe global public health burden as primary vectors of multiple viral and parasitic pathogens. Under optimal environmental conditions, Aedes aegypti females have access to human hosts that provide blood proteins for egg development, conspecific males that provide sperm for fertilization, and freshwater that serves as an egg-laying substrate suitable for offspring survival. As global temperatures rise, Aedes aegypti females are faced with climate challenges, like intense droughts and intermittent precipitation, which create unpredictable and suboptimal conditions for the egg-laying step of their reproductive cycle. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes nonetheless show remarkable reproductive resilience, but how they achieve this is unknown. Here we show that under drought-like conditions simulated in the laboratory, mated, blood-fed Aedes aegypti females carrying mature eggs retain them in their ovaries for extended periods, while maintaining the viability of these eggs until they can be deposited in freshwater. Using transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of Aedes aegypti ovaries, we identify two previously uncharacterized genes – here named tweedledee and tweedledum – that show ovary-enriched, temporally-restricted expression during egg retention. These genes are mosquito-specific, linked within a syntenic locus, and rapidly evolving under positive selection, raising the possibility that they serve an adaptive function. Using loss-of-function mutagenesis to disrupt both genes, we show that, tweedledee and tweedledum, which encode secreted proteins, are specifically required for extended retention of viable eggs, such as during intermittent precipitation or drought. These results highlight an elegant example of taxon-restricted genes at the heart of an important adaptation that equips Aedes aegypti females with “insurance” to, when contextually appropriate, flexibly extend their reproductive sequence without losing reproductive capacity, thus allowing this species to exploit diverse and unpredictable/chaotic/changing habitats.
2022-03-02 | PXD030925 | Pride
Project description:Female Aedes aegypti mosquitoes impose a severe global public health burden as primary vectors of multiple viral and parasitic pathogens. Under optimal environmental conditions, Aedes aegypti females have access to human hosts that provide blood proteins for egg development, conspecific males that provide sperm for fertilization, and freshwater that serves as an egg-laying substrate suitable for offspring survival. As global temperatures rise, Aedes aegypti females are faced with climate challenges, like intense droughts and intermittent precipitation, which create unpredictable and suboptimal conditions for the egg-laying step of their reproductive cycle. Aedes aegypti mosquitoes nonetheless show remarkable reproductive resilience, but how they achieve this is unknown. Here we show that under drought-like conditions simulated in the laboratory, mated, blood-fed Aedes aegypti females carrying mature eggs retain them in their ovaries for extended periods, while maintaining the viability of these eggs until they can be deposited in freshwater. Using transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of Aedes aegypti ovaries, we identify two previously uncharacterized genes – here named tweedledee and tweedledum – that show ovary-enriched, temporally-restricted expression during egg retention. These genes are mosquito-specific, linked within a syntenic locus, and rapidly evolving under positive selection, raising the possibility that they serve an adaptive function. Using loss-of-function mutagenesis to disrupt both genes, we show that, tweedledee and tweedledum, which encode secreted proteins, are specifically required for extended retention of viable eggs, such as during intermittent precipitation or drought. These results highlight an elegant example of taxon-restricted genes at the heart of an important adaptation that equips Aedes aegypti females with “insurance” to, when contextually appropriate, flexibly extend their reproductive sequence without losing reproductive capacity, thus allowing this species to exploit diverse and unpredictable habitats.
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Project description:Four separate biological collections of unfertilized eggs laid by wildtype females mated with sterile males, eggs dechorionated and snap-forzen in liquid nitrogen 0-1 hour after egg lay. Set of arrays organized by shared biological context, such as organism, tumors types, processes, etc. Computed
2005-09-10 | E-GEOD-3287 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Migrating schistosomula are an important stage of the schistosome lifecycle and represent a key target for elimination of infection by natural and vaccine induced host immune responses. To gain a better understanding of how these parasites initiate a primary host immune response we have characterised the host lung response to migrating Schistosoma japonicum schistosomula using a combination of histochemistry, microarrays and quantitative cytokine analysis. Our data suggest that, during a S. japonicum infection, actively migrating schistosomula induce a Type-2 cytokine response in the lung that may support the subsequent development of a CD4+ T helper 2 (Th2) response against egg antigens. This hypothesis is supported by the fact that schistosomula and schistosome eggs are known to express important Th2-inducing antigens such as omega-1, peroxiredoxin, kappa-5 and IPSE/alpha1. The host lung response to migrating schistosomula was associated with increased numbers of macrophages and expression of markers for alternatively activated macrophages (AAMφ) in the lung. Activation of AAMφ in the lung and at the systemic level could lead to the modulation of the host immune response to favour parasite survival. Induction of these cells could also contribute to diminished inflammatory responses to, for example, allergy and asthma that are known to be associated with helminth infections. These data enhance our understanding of the mechanisms whereby schistosomes may evade the immune response and the mechanisms by which schistosome infection can help influence the host response following exposure to allergenic stimuli. The gene expression profile of the murine lung was examined at 3 days weeks post infection with 500 Schistosoma japonicum cercariae in comparison to that of uninfected controls. Microarray analysis was performed on cRNA synthesised from total RNA derived from the lungs of 3 individual mice per group.
2011-02-10 | E-GEOD-27171 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:In the complex lifecycle of schistosomes, four developmental stages are closely associated with their definitive hosts: cercaria (infective stage), schistosomula and adult worm (parasitic stages), egg (pathogenic- and pathophoresis-stage). We have examined the gene expression profiles of Schistosoma japonicum in the four developmental stages. Genes with different expression patterns were identified and the information obtained will help indentify new anti-schistosomal intervention targets in the future.
2017-02-09 | GSE57143 | GEO
Project description:Schistosomiasis is a disease caused by parasitic worms that significantly impacts on the lives of approximately 250 million people. During infection, female parasites release thousands of eggs, a significant number of which become trapped in the liver. The entrapment of the eggs triggers immune and inflammatory responses that in turn cause many of the health problems associated with the disease. In this study we analyzed the gene expression profiles of livers from mice infected with the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni over multiple time points, beginning when the parasites start to lay eggs. Mice were treated with a lethal dose of the anti-schistosomal drug praziquantel, and we identified a number of different genes and pathways that are central to immune and inflammatory responses that are active even in the absence of egg deposition. Praziquantel is the only drug available to treat schistosomiasis, however it is ineffective against juvenile parasites during the early stages of mammalian infection. We also show that the development of drug resistance may be due to the improved efficacy of the juvenile parasite to actively excrete the drug. These results provide insights into the effect of praziquantel on the host response to infection as well as ability of juvenile parasites to overcome the lethal effect of the drug.
2018-01-01 | GSE94132 | GEO
Project description:Protein variation in blood-dwelling schistosome worms generated by differential splicing of micro-exon gene transcripts. The infective schistosome cercaria develops from an undifferentiated germ ball within the daughter sporocyst in the molluscan host, during which considerable morphological development and synthesis of proteins essential for infection occurs. The free-living, non-feeding cercaria is notable for its swimming and host location behaviour. On contact with host skin it rapidly penetrates, replaces its tegument surface membranes, and begins body remodelling, before crossing the dermis to exit the skin via a blood vessel. Such a ‘violent’ transition from snail to fresh water to mammalian host should be accompanied by remarkable changes in the patterns of gene expression. All gene models from version E of the S. mansoni genome (www.GeneDB.org) were incorporated into a 350K feature Roche-NimbleGen, high-density oligonucleotide array. From a map-ordered list, every 13th 50mer was chosen as a probe. Double-stranded cDNA from three biological replicates each of germ balls, cercariae, and day 3 schistosomula was hybridised to the array without amplification. Statistical analysis was carried out using programmes from the Bioconductor suite (Gentleman et al. 2004 Genome Biol 5(10):R80). More than 1000 loci were shown to be differentially expressed in each of the comparisons between the three life cycle stages. Gene ontology (GO) analysis was then carried out to discover the categories enriched in each stage. In addition custom categories based on biological function (e.g. stress response) or parasite tissue (e.g. tegument) were analysed. Three biological replicates each of germ balls, cercariae, day 3 in vitro cultured schistosomula, and eggs were used. No technical replicates were included. This is the first genome-wide microarray platform for S. mansoni. It was used to investigate the gene expression patterns of the above lifecycle stages. The first three are the stages before, during and after penetration of mammalian host skin.
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