Quantitative analysis of AP-1 dependent gene expression in negative control and AP-1 knockdown myometrium primary cells derived from 2 patient tissue samples.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE128237 | GEO | 2020/01/01
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Down-regulation of genes belonging to the JUN, FOS, and ATF families of transcription factors has previously been described. In this study, we demonstrate that the loss of AP-1 subunit gene expression leads to a decrease in AP-1 enhancer occupancy. CRISPR/Cas9 mediated depletion of AP-1 subunits demonstrates that loss of AP-1 subunit gene expression results in a perturbation of extracellular matrix-associated gene expression. This work establishes AP-1 as an important transcription factor in uterine leiomyoma gene transcription.
2020-01-01 | GSE139581 | GEO
Project description:FOS, a subunit of the activator protein-1 (AP-1) transcription factor, has been implicated in various cellular changes. In the human ovary, the expression of FOS and its heterodimeric binding partners JUN, JUNB, and JUND increases in periovulatory follicles. However, the specific role of the FOS/AP-1 remains elusive. The present study determined the regulatory mechanisms driving the expression of FOS and its partners and functions of the FOS/AP-1 using primary human granulosa/lutein cells (hGLC). hCG induced a biphasic increase in the expression of FOS, peaking at 1-3h and 12h. The levels of JUN proteins were also increased by hCG, with varying expression patterns. Co-immunoprecipitation analyses revealed that FOS is present as heterodimers with all JUN proteins. hCG immediately activated PKA and p42/44MAPK signaling pathways, and inhibitors for these pathways abolished hCG-induced increases in the levels of FOS, JUN, and JUNB. To identify the genes regulated by FOS, high throughput RNA sequencing was performed using hGLC treated with hCG ± T-5224 (FOS inhibitor). Sequencing data analysis revealed that FOS inhibition affects the expression of numerous genes, including a cluster of genes involved in the periovulatory process such as matrix remodeling, prostaglandin synthesis, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, and cholesterol biosynthesis. qPCR analysis verified hCG-induced, T-5224-regulated expression of a selection of these genes. Consistently, T-5224 attenuated hCG-induced increases in metabolic activities and cholesterol levels. This study unveiled potential downstream target genes of and a role for the FOS/AP-1 in granulosa cell metabolic changes and cholesterol biosynthesis in human periovulatory follicles.
2021-02-10 | GSE166443 | GEO
Project description:Systemic hypertension increases cardiac workload and subsequently induces signaling networks in heart that underlie myocyte growth (hypertrophic response) through expansion of sarcomeres with the aim to increase contractility. However, conditions of increased workload can induce both adaptive and maladaptive growth of heart muscle. Previous studies implicate two members of the AP-1 transcription factor family, junD and fra-1, in regulation of heart growth during hypertrophic response. In this study, we investigate the function of the AP-1 transcription factors, c-jun and c-fos, in heart growth. Using pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy in mice and targeted deletion of Jun or Fos in cardiomyocytes, we show that c-jun is required for adaptive cardiac hyphertrophy, while c-fos is dispensable in this context. c-jun promotes expression of sarcomere proteins and suppresses expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Capacity of cardiac muscle to contract depends on organization of principal thick and thin filaments, myosin and actin, within the sarcomere. In line with decreased expression of sarcomere-associated proteins, Jun-deficient cardiomyocytes present disarrangement of filaments in sarcomeres and actin cytoskeleton disorganization. Moreover, Jun-deficient hearts subjected to pressure overload display pronounced fibrosis and increased myocyte apoptosis finally resulting in dilated cardiomyopathy. In conclusion, c-jun but not c-fos is required to induce a transcriptional program aimed at adapting heart growth upon increased workload. Microarrays were used to identify specific genes that might be globally affected in the absence of c-jun in cardiomyocytes. Total RNA was extracted from the hearts of 10 weeks old Junf/f (n=2) and Jun delta mu (n=2) mice using TRIzol Reagent.
2013-09-19 | E-GEOD-47898 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Dietary restriction extends lifespan and delays the age-related physiological decline in many species. Intermittent fasting (IF) is one of the most effective dietary restriction regimens that extends lifespan in C. elegans and mammals1,2. In C. elegans, the FOXO transcription factor DAF-16 is implicated in fasting-induced gene expression changes and the longevity response to IF3; however, the mechanisms that sense and transduce fasting-stress stimuli have remained largely unknown. Here we show that a KGB-1/AP1 (activator protein 1) module is a key signalling pathway that mediates fasting-induced transcriptional changes and IF-induced longevity. Our promoter analysis coupled to genome-wide microarray results has shown that the AP-1-binding site, together with the FOXO-binding site, is highly over-represented in the promoter regions of fasting-induced genes. We find that JUN-1 (C. elegans c-Jun) and FOS-1 (C. elegans c-Fos), which constitute the AP-1 transcription factor complex, are required for IF-induced longevity. We also find that KGB-1 acts as a direct activator of JUN-1 and FOS-1, is activated in response to fasting, and, among the three C. elegans JNKs, is specifically required for IF-induced longevity. Our results demonstrate that most fasting-induced upregulated genes, including almost all of the DAF-16-dependent genes, require KGB-1 and JUN-1 function for their induction, and that the loss of kgb-1 suppresses the fasting-induced upregulation of DAF-16 target genes without affecting fasting-induced DAF-16 nuclear translocation. These findings identify the evolutionarily conserved JNK/AP-1 module as a key mediator of fasting-stress responses, and suggest a model in which two fasting-induced signalling pathways leading to DAF-16 nuclear translocation and KGB-1/AP-1 activation, respectively, integrate in the nucleus to coordinately mediate fasting-induced transcriptional changes and IF-induced longevity. To delineate the whole picture of transcriptional changes in response to fasting, we performed genome-wide gene expression analyses during 2 days (48 h) fasting. Two and three independent experiments were performed in the time course and mutants, respectively.
2013-03-15 | E-GEOD-27677 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Ikaros family transcription factors regulate lymphocyte biology and are targets of the immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) for hematological malignancies. Ikaros (Ikzf1/IKZF1) is the most broadly expressed family member in lymphocytes, yet its role in innate lymphopoiesis is unknown. Here we used gene inactivation to reveal that NK cell-expression of Ikaros is essential for normal NK lymphopoiesis. Mechanistically, IKZF1 directly repressed Cish and Socs2, known negative regulators of IL-15R resulting in impaired IL-15 signaling in Ikzf1-null NK cells. Bcl2l11/BIM levels and apoptosis were increased in Ikzf1-null NK cells which in part accounted for the NK lymphopenia since both apoptosis and NK cell frequency were restored to normal levels when Ikzf1 and Bcl2l11 were co-deleted. Ikzf1-null NK cells presented extensive transcriptional alterations with a striking reduction in expression of genes encoding AP-1 transcriptional complexes (Fos/Jun members) and a compensatory increase in Ikzf2 and Ikzf3. Both IKZF1 and IKZF3 directly bound AP-1 family members and deletion of both Ikzf1 and Ikzf3 in NK cells resulted in a further reduction in Jun/Fos expression and a complete loss of peripheral NK cells in mice. Consistently, IKZF1 bound Jun/Fos genes at the same locations in activated B cells identifying a novel and conserved role for IKZF1 in Jun/Fos regulation. Collectively we show the Ikaros-family are novel regulators of apoptosis, cytokine responsiveness and AP-1 transcriptional activity required for NK cell development and function.
2023-11-08 | GSE247282 | GEO
Project description:Ikaros family transcription factors regulate lymphocyte biology and are targets of the immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) for hematological malignancies. Ikaros (Ikzf1/IKZF1) is the most broadly expressed family member in lymphocytes, yet its role in innate lymphopoiesis is unknown. Here we used gene inactivation to reveal that NK cell-expression of Ikaros is essential for normal NK lymphopoiesis. Mechanistically, IKZF1 directly repressed Cish and Socs2, known negative regulators of IL-15R resulting in impaired IL-15 signaling in Ikzf1-null NK cells. Bcl2l11/BIM levels and apoptosis were increased in Ikzf1-null NK cells which in part accounted for the NK lymphopenia since both apoptosis and NK cell frequency were restored to normal levels when Ikzf1 and Bcl2l11 were co-deleted. Ikzf1-null NK cells presented extensive transcriptional alterations with a striking reduction in expression of genes encoding AP-1 transcriptional complexes (Fos/Jun members) and a compensatory increase in Ikzf2 and Ikzf3. Both IKZF1 and IKZF3 directly bound AP-1 family members and deletion of both Ikzf1 and Ikzf3 in NK cells resulted in a further reduction in Jun/Fos expression and a complete loss of peripheral NK cells in mice. Consistently, IKZF1 bound Jun/Fos genes at the same locations in activated B cells identifying a novel and conserved role for IKZF1 in Jun/Fos regulation. Collectively we show the Ikaros-family are novel regulators of apoptosis, cytokine responsiveness and AP-1 transcriptional activity required for NK cell development and function.
2023-11-08 | GSE247281 | GEO
Project description:Ikaros family transcription factors regulate lymphocyte biology and are targets of the immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) for hematological malignancies. Ikaros (Ikzf1/IKZF1) is the most broadly expressed family member in lymphocytes, yet its role in innate lymphopoiesis is unknown. Here we used gene inactivation to reveal that NK cell-expression of Ikaros is essential for normal NK lymphopoiesis. Mechanistically, IKZF1 directly repressed Cish and Socs2, known negative regulators of IL-15R resulting in impaired IL-15 signaling in Ikzf1-null NK cells. Bcl2l11/BIM levels and apoptosis were increased in Ikzf1-null NK cells which in part accounted for the NK lymphopenia since both apoptosis and NK cell frequency were restored to normal levels when Ikzf1 and Bcl2l11 were co-deleted. Ikzf1-null NK cells presented extensive transcriptional alterations with a striking reduction in expression of genes encoding AP-1 transcriptional complexes (Fos/Jun members) and a compensatory increase in Ikzf2 and Ikzf3. Both IKZF1 and IKZF3 directly bound AP-1 family members and deletion of both Ikzf1 and Ikzf3 in NK cells resulted in a further reduction in Jun/Fos expression and a complete loss of peripheral NK cells in mice. Consistently, IKZF1 bound Jun/Fos genes at the same locations in activated B cells identifying a novel and conserved role for IKZF1 in Jun/Fos regulation. Collectively we show the Ikaros-family are novel regulators of apoptosis, cytokine responsiveness and AP-1 transcriptional activity required for NK cell development and function.
2023-11-08 | GSE247280 | GEO
Project description:Ikaros family transcription factors regulate lymphocyte biology and are targets of the immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) for hematological malignancies. Ikaros (Ikzf1/IKZF1) is the most broadly expressed family member in lymphocytes, yet its role in innate lymphopoiesis is unknown. Here we used gene inactivation to reveal that NK cell-expression of Ikaros is essential for normal NK lymphopoiesis. Mechanistically, IKZF1 directly repressed Cish and Socs2, known negative regulators of IL-15R resulting in impaired IL-15 signaling in Ikzf1-null NK cells. Bcl2l11/BIM levels and apoptosis were increased in Ikzf1-null NK cells which in part accounted for the NK lymphopenia since both apoptosis and NK cell frequency were restored to normal levels when Ikzf1 and Bcl2l11 were co-deleted. Ikzf1-null NK cells presented extensive transcriptional alterations with a striking reduction in expression of genes encoding AP-1 transcriptional complexes (Fos/Jun members) and a compensatory increase in Ikzf2 and Ikzf3. Both IKZF1 and IKZF3 directly bound AP-1 family members and deletion of both Ikzf1 and Ikzf3 in NK cells resulted in a further reduction in Jun/Fos expression and a complete loss of peripheral NK cells in mice. Consistently, IKZF1 bound Jun/Fos genes at the same locations in activated B cells identifying a novel and conserved role for IKZF1 in Jun/Fos regulation. Collectively we show the Ikaros-family are novel regulators of apoptosis, cytokine responsiveness and AP-1 transcriptional activity required for NK cell development and function.
2023-11-08 | GSE247279 | GEO
Project description:Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer-related death. HCC incidence is on the rise, while treatment options remain limited. Thus, a better understanding of the molecular pathways involved in HCC development has become a priority to guide future therapies. While previous studies implicated the AP-1 (Fos/Jun) transcription factor family members c-Fos and c-Jun in HCC formation, the contribution of Fos-related antigens 1 and 2 (Fra-1/2) is unknown. Here we show that hepatocyte-restricted expression of a single chain c-Jun~Fra-2 protein, which functionally mimics the c-Jun/Fra-2 AP-1 dimer, results in spontaneous HCC formation in c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice. Several hallmarks of human HCC, such as cell cycle dysregulation and the expression of HCC markers are observed in liver tumors arising in c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice. Tumorigenesis occurs in the context of mild inflammation, low-grade fibrosis and Pparg-driven dyslipidemia. Subsequent analyses revealed increased expression of c-Myc, evidently directly regulated by AP-1 through a conserved distal 3’ enhancer. Importantly, c-Jun~Fra-2-induced tumors revert upon switching off transgene expression, suggesting oncogene addiction to the c-Jun~Fra-2 transgene. Tumors escaping reversion maintained c-Myc and c-Myc target gene expression, likely due to increased c-Fos. Interfering with c-Myc in established tumors using the BET bromodomain inhibitor JQ-1 diminished liver tumor growth in c-Jun~Fra-2 mutant mice. Thus, our data establish c-Jun~Fra-2hep mice as a novel model to study liver tumorigenesis and identify the c-Jun/Fra-2-Myc interaction as a potential target to improve HCC patient stratification and/or therapy.
2024-04-22 | GSE261005 | GEO
Project description:In our investigations of the molecular pathways of prostate tumorigenesis in Nkx3.1; Pten mutant mice using gene expression profiling, we now find that the AP-1 transcription factors, c-Jun and c-Fos, are significantly up-regulated during cancer progression. Forced expression of c-Fos and c-Jun in prostate cancer cells results in increased tumorigenicity, activation of Erk MAP kinase, and enhanced survival in the absence of androgens, which are hallmarks of disease progression. In humans, Jun and Fos proteins are significantly up-regulated during prostate cancer progression and significantly correlated with activation of Erk MAP kinase. Most notably, expression of Jun is associated with disease recurrence independent of other currently used prognostic indicators. These analyses reveal a hitherto unappreciated role for AP-1 transcription factors in prostate cancer progression vis-à-vis Erk MAP kinase signaling, as well as the identification of a novel marker of disease recurrence, namely c-Jun. Keywords: Stages of Prostate Cancer
2008-06-27 | GSE11836 | GEO