Potent Anti-Myeloma Activity of the TOPK inhibitor OTS514 in Pre-Clinical Models
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE128251 | GEO | 2019/11/12
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Multiple myeloma (MM) continues to be considered incurable, necessitating new drug discovery. The mitotic kinase T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase/PDZ-binding kinase (TOPK/PBK) is associated with proliferation of tumor cells, maintenance of cancer stem cells, and poor patient prognosis in many cancers. In this report, we demonstrate potent anti-myeloma effects of the TOPK inhibitor OTS514 for the first time. OTS514 induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis at nanomolar concentrations in a series of human myeloma cell lines (HMCL) and prevents outgrowth of a putative CD138+ stem cell population from MM patient-derived peripheral blood mononuclear cells. In bone marrow cells from MM patients, OTS514 treatment exhibited preferential killing of the malignant CD138+ plasma cells compared with the CD138- compartment. In an aggressive mouse xenograft model, OTS964 given orally at 100 mg/kg 5 days per week was well tolerated and reduced tumor size by 48%-81% compared to control depending on the initial graft size. FOXO3 and its transcriptional targets CDKN1A (p21) and CDKN1B (p27) were elevated and apoptosis was induced with OTS514 treatment of HMCLs. TOPK inhibition also induced loss of FOXM1 and disrupted AKT, p38 MAPK, and NF-κB signaling. The effects of OTS514 were independent of p53 mutation or deletion status. Combination treatment of HMCLs with OTS514 and lenalidomide produced synergistic effects, providing a rationale for the evaluation of TOPK inhibition in existing myeloma treatment regimens.
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Project description:Potent Anti-Myeloma Activity of the TOPK inhibitor OTS514 in Pre-Clinical Models
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Project description:Inhibition of DDX3X expression or activity reduces proliferation in cells from various tumor tissues, in particular in breast cancer, and its expression often correlates to tumor aggressiveness. This makes DDX3X a prominent candidate for the design of drugs for novel personalized therapeutic strategies. Starting from an in silico drug discovery approach, a group of molecules has been selected by molecular docking at the RNA binding site of DDX3X. Here, the most promising among them, FHP01, was evaluated in breast cancer preclinical models. Specifically, FHP01 exhibited very effective antiproliferative and killing activity against different breast cancer cell types, among which those from triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC). Interestingly, FHP01 also inhibited WNT signaling, a key tumorigenic pathway already correlated to DDX3X functions in breast cancer model cell lines. Ultimately, FHP01 also caused a significant reduction, in vivo, in the growth of MDA MB 231-derived TNBC xenograft models. Importantly, FHP01 showed good bioavailability and no toxicity on normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells in vitro and on several mouse tissues in vivo. Overall, our data suggest that the use of FHP01 and its related compounds may represent a novel therapeutic approach with high potential against breast cancer, including the triple-negative subtype usually correlated to the most unfavorable outcomes because of the lack of available targeted therapies.
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Project description:H929 human myeloma cells were exposed to aminopeptidase inhibitor (CHR-2797), HDAC inhibitor (CHR-3996), or a combinaion of the two agents, for 24 hours. Following this treatment RNA was extracted and microarrays used to determine gene expression changes.
2014-01-24 | GSE20405 | GEO
Project description:H929 human myeloma cells were exposed to aminopeptidase inhibitor (CHR-2797), HDAC inhibitor (CHR-3996), or a combinaion of the two agents, for 24 hours. Following this treatment RNA was extracted and microarrays used to determine gene expression changes. Myeloma cells were exposed to chemotherapeutic agent for 24 hours.
2014-01-24 | E-GEOD-20405 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:KMS12BM and H929 myeloma cells were treated in vitro with either I-BET151 1uM or vehicle (DMSO) for 6 hours (n=3 independent experiments for each cell line). Total RNA was extracted from H929 and KMS12BM cells using the RNeasy Mini kit (Qiagen). Genomic DNA contamination was eliminated using columns (Qiagen) and DNAase digestion. The extracted RNA was quantified in a Nanodrop, while purity and integrity was confirmed on an Agilent 2100 Bioanalyser with RNA Nano Chips. cDNA was produced from 150ng total RNA input, using the Ambion WT Expression Kit. The cDNA was then fragmented and labelled using the GeneChip WT Terminal Labelling Kit (Affymetrix) and hybridised on Human Gene ST1.0 Arrays (Affymetrix) on a GeneChip Fluidics Station 450. The arrays were scanned in a GeneChip Scanner 3000 7G with autoloader.
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Project description:TIGIT (T-cell immunoglobulin and ITIM domain) has emerged as a promising target in cancer immunotherapy. It is an immune "checkpoint" inhibitor primarily expressed on activated T cells, NK cells and Tregs. Engagement of TIGIT to its ligands PVR and PVR-L2 leads to inhibitory signaling in T cells, promoting functional exhaustion of tumor-infiltrating T lymphocytes. Here, we described the pre-clinical characterization of Ociperlimab (BGB-A1217), a novel humanized IgG1 anti-TIGIT antibody (mAb), and systemically evaluated the contribution of Fc functions in the TIGIT mAb-mediated anti-tumor activities. BGB-A1217 binds to the extracellular domain of human TIGIT with high affinity (KD = 0.135 nM) and specificity, and efficiently blocks the interaction between TIGIT and its ligands PVR or PVR-L2. Cell-based assays show that BGB-A1217 significantly enhances T-cell functions. In addition, BGB-A1217 induces antibody dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) against Treg cells, activates NK cells and monocytes, and removes TIGIT from T cell surfaces in an Fc-dependent manner, In vivo, BGB-A1217, either alone or in combination with an anti-PD-1 mAb elicits strong immune responses and potent anti-tumor efficacy in pre-clinical models. Moreover, the Fc effector function is critical for the anti-tumor activity of BGB-A1217 in a syngeneic human TIGIT-knock-in mouse model. The observed anti-tumor efficacy is associated with a pharmacodynamic change of TIGIT down-regulation and Treg reduction. These data support the selection of BGB-A1217 with an effector function competent Fc region for clinical development for the treatment of human cancers.
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Project description:The historical lack of pre-clinical models reflecting the genetic heterogeneity of multiple myeloma (MM) hampers advancing therapeutic discoveries. To circumvent this limitation, we have generated fifteen genetically diverse models that developed bone marrow tumors fulfilling MM pathogenesis. Transcriptomic analysis of tumor plasma cells revealed that MYC activation regulates time to progression. Bone marrow cell composition analysis classified myeloma tumors into immune-cold and inflamed categories, which condition immune checkpoint blockade responses in mouse multiple myeloma models.
2023-03-17 | GSE205644 | GEO
Project description:BackgroundPG545 is a heparan sulfate (HS) mimetic that inhibits tumour angiogenesis by sequestering angiogenic growth factors in the extracellular matrix (ECM), thus limiting subsequent binding to receptors. Importantly, PG545 also inhibits heparanase, the only endoglycosidase which cleaves HS chains in the ECM. The aim of the study was to assess PG545 in various solid tumour and metastasis models.MethodsThe anti-angiogenic, anti-tumour and anti-metastatic properties of PG545 were assessed using in vivo angiogenesis, solid tumour and metastasis models. Pharmacokinetic (PK) data were also generated in tumour-bearing mice to gain an understanding of optimal dosing schedules and regimens.ResultsPG545 was shown to inhibit angiogenesis in vivo and induce anti-tumour or anti-metastatic effects in murine models of breast, prostate, liver, lung, colon, head and neck cancers and melanoma. Enhanced anti-tumour activity was also noted when used in combination with sorafenib in a liver cancer model. PK data revealed that the half-life of PG545 was relatively long, with pharmacologically relevant concentrations of radiolabeled PG545 observed in liver tumours.ConclusionPG545 is a new anti-angiogenic clinical candidate for cancer therapy. The anti-metastatic property of PG545, likely due to the inhibition of heparanase, may prove to be a critical attribute as the compound enters phase I clinical trials.
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Project description:CARM1 is an arginine methyltransferase with diverse histone and non-histone substrates implicated in the regulation of cellular processes including transcriptional co-activation and RNA processing. CARM1 overexpression has been reported in multiple cancer types and has been shown to modulate oncogenic pathways in in vitro studies. Detailed understanding of the mechanism of action of CARM1 in oncogenesis has been limited by a lack of selective tool compounds, particularly for in vivo studies. We describe the identification and characterization of, to our knowledge, the first potent and selective inhibitor of CARM1 that exhibits anti-proliferative effects both in vitro and in vivo and, to our knowledge, the first demonstration of a role for CARM1 in multiple myeloma (MM). EZM2302 (GSK3359088) is an inhibitor of CARM1 enzymatic activity in biochemical assays (IC50?=?6?nM) with broad selectivity against other histone methyltransferases. Treatment of MM cell lines with EZM2302 leads to inhibition of PABP1 and SMB methylation and cell stasis with IC50 values in the nanomolar range. Oral dosing of EZM2302 demonstrates dose-dependent in vivo CARM1 inhibition and anti-tumor activity in an MM xenograft model. EZM2302 is a validated chemical probe suitable for further understanding the biological role CARM1 plays in cancer and other diseases.
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