Gene expression profile in the cuprizone-induced demyelination mouse model
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE129049 | GEO | 2019/03/30
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Myelin abnormalities, oligodendrocyte damage, and concomitant glia activation are common in demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). The neurotoxicant cuprizone (CPZ) has been extensively used to create a mouse model of demyelination. However, the changes of miRNA expression and effects on behavior of cuprizone treatment have not been clearly reported. We have analyzed the behavioral changes of mice given a diet containing 0.2% cuprizone for 6 weeks. To evaluate the changes of miRNA expression in CPZ-induced demyelination compared with control, we performed the Affymetrix GeneChip® miRNA 4.0 Array. We identified 1348 and 1253 differentially expressed miRNAs for control and CPZ-treated mice, respectively. Furthermore, the expression of 240 miRNAs was significantly changed in CPZ-induced mice comparing with control mice. These results suggest that the changes of miRNA expression in vivo may provide a new potential remyelination therapeutic target.
2018-11-22 | GSE122839 | GEO
Project description:Demyelination is characterized by the loss of the myelin sheath that surrounds nerve fibers and myelin-supporting cells in the nervous system. This leads to increased vulnerability of axons to damage, resulting in significant atrophy and neuro-axonal degeneration. Demyelination is a common pathological feature in a wide range of diseases of the central nervous system (CNS). Multiple pathomolecular processes contribute to brain damage, including demyelination, neuroinflammation, oligodendrocyte (OLs) cell death, and progressive neuronal dysfunction. In this study, we used the cuprizone (CPZ) mouse model to investigate long-term non-invasive gamma entrainment using sensory stimulation (GENUS) as a potential therapeutic intervention for promoting myelination and reducing neuroinflammation. Our results demonstrate that GENUS effectively mitigated demyelination, stimulated oligodendrogenesis in the corpus callosum (CC), and preserved functional integrity and synaptic plasticity. Additionally, GENUS attenuated OLs ferroptosis-induced cell death. Furthermore, chronic GENUS exhibited a marked reduction in brain inflammation, decreasing both microgliosis and astrogliosis and proinflammatory molecules, such as high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), complement component 1q (C1q) and complement C3 (C3). Considering the pro-remyelination and anti-neuroinflammatory effects observed with GENUS, these findings suggest its potential as a therapeutic approach for demyelinating disorders.
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Project description:We examined the role of TREM2 on microglia responses to demyelination Microglia were FACS-purified from WT or Trem2-/- mice fed with 0.2% cuprizone diet.
2015-04-22 | E-GEOD-66926 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mouse cuprizone (CPZ ) model of experimental de- and remyelination was applied to mimic demyelination pathology of multiple sclerosis. In order to identify differentially expressed microRNAs involved in de- and remyelination, the affected areas of corpus callosum were isolated from mice exposed to CPZ and conducted an Agilent microarray analysis. To induce demyelination, CPZ was administrated for four weeks. Spontaneous remyelination occurs as mice returned to the regular diet after four weeks feeding with CPZ (DEM_4w). Remyelination was examined at two time points: acute remyelination induced by four weeks CPZ feeding followed by two days of regular diet (two days remyelination: REM_2d), and full remyelination induced by four weeks CPZ feeding followed by two weeks of regular diet (two weeks remyelination: REM_2w). Control mice (C) were kept on a normal diet. The following groups representing de- and remyelinisation pathology in corpus callosum of CPZ-treated mice were compared: Demyelination: 4weeks CPZ: DEM_4w; Acute remyelination: 4 weeks CPZ +2 days UNTREATED: REM_2d; Full remyelination: 4 weeks CPZ +2 weeks UNTREATED: REM_2w; and UNTREATED control (C). The experiments were performed using 2-4 animals per groups.
2018-04-11 | GSE100662 | GEO
Project description:Microglia are phagocytic cells that survey the brain and perform neuroprotective functions in response to tissue damage, but their activating receptors are largely unknown. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial immunoreceptor whose loss-of-function mutations in humans cause presenile dementia, while genetic variants are associated with increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. In myeloid cells, TREM2 has been involved in the regulation of phagocytosis, cell proliferation and inflammatory responses in vitro. However, it is unknown how TREM2 contributes to microglia function in vivo. Here, we identify a critical role for TREM2 in the activation and function of microglia during cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination. TREM2-deficient (TREM2(-/-)) mice had defective clearance of myelin debris and more axonal pathology, resulting in impaired clinical performances compared to wild-type (WT) mice. TREM2(-/-) microglia proliferated less in areas of demyelination and were less activated, displaying a more resting morphology and decreased expression of the activation markers MHC II and inducible nitric oxide synthase as compared to WT. Mechanistically, gene expression and ultrastructural analysis of microglia suggested a defect in myelin degradation and phagosome processing during CPZ intoxication in TREM2(-/-) microglia. These findings place TREM2 as a key regulator of microglia activation in vivo in response to tissue damage. Two STAGE (6weeks 12 weeks),
2015-07-06 | E-GEOD-70475 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Mouse cuprizone (CPZ ) model of experimental de- and remyelination was applied to mimic demyelination pathology of multiple sclerosis. The aim of the study was to profile whole genome expression to identify differentially expressed genes during the demyelinisation and after discontinuation of cuprizon treatment, during rapid remyelinisation in affected areas of mouse corpus callosum. Control mice were kept on a normal diet. The following groups representing de- and remyelinisation pathology in corpus callosum of CPZ-treated mice were compared: Partial demyelination: 2weeks CPZ (dem_2w); Complete demyelination: 4weeks CPZ (dem_4w); Remyelination: 4weeks CPZ + UNTREATED (rem); and UNTREATED control (C). The experiments were performed using 3-4 animals per groups.
2018-09-06 | GSE100663 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: The central nervous system (CNS) possesses intrinsic remyelination capabilities in response to demyelinating injury. However, this remyelination potential is diminished as demyelinating disease such as multiple sclerosis progresses overtime. To better understand myelin repair processes, the goal of this study was to determine temporal transcriptomic changes in cerebral white matter (corpus callosum) and gray matter (cortex and hippocampus) after acute and chronic demyelinating injury. The cuprizone mouse model of de- and remyelination was used for this investigation. Methods: Adult C57BL/6 mice were exposed to cuprizone diet (0.2%) for 3, 5 or 12 weeks followed by returning to normal diet for up to 12 weeks for recovery. Brain regions were dissected for bulk RNA-seq. Conclusion: RNA-seq analyses suggest common and distinct spatiotemporal transcriptional alterations during CNS demyelination and remyelination. Dataset for this study represents the first that covers gene expression landscapes of three brain regions over extended regenerative periods after chronic CNS demyelination.
2023-04-03 | GSE212147 | GEO
Project description:Microglia are phagocytic cells that survey the brain and perform neuroprotective functions in response to tissue damage, but their activating receptors are largely unknown. Triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells 2 (TREM2) is a microglial immunoreceptor whose loss-of-function mutations in humans cause presenile dementia, while genetic variants are associated with increased risk of neurodegenerative diseases. In myeloid cells, TREM2 has been involved in the regulation of phagocytosis, cell proliferation and inflammatory responses in vitro. However, it is unknown how TREM2 contributes to microglia function in vivo. Here, we identify a critical role for TREM2 in the activation and function of microglia during cuprizone (CPZ)-induced demyelination. TREM2-deficient (TREM2(-/-)) mice had defective clearance of myelin debris and more axonal pathology, resulting in impaired clinical performances compared to wild-type (WT) mice. TREM2(-/-) microglia proliferated less in areas of demyelination and were less activated, displaying a more resting morphology and decreased expression of the activation markers MHC II and inducible nitric oxide synthase as compared to WT. Mechanistically, gene expression and ultrastructural analysis of microglia suggested a defect in myelin degradation and phagosome processing during CPZ intoxication in TREM2(-/-) microglia. These findings place TREM2 as a key regulator of microglia activation in vivo in response to tissue damage.
2015-07-06 | GSE70475 | GEO
Project description:In the adult mammalian brain, Gli1 expressing neural stem cells reside in the subventricular zone and their progeny are recruited to sites of demyelination in the white matter where they regenerate oligodendrocytes, the myelin forming cells. Remarkably, genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of Gli1 enhances remyelination in the adult brain. To understand the molecular mechanisms involved, we performed a transcriptomic analysis to compare the expression of genes in Gli1 neural stem cells with either intact Gli1 expression or genetic loss of Gli1 from adult mice on control diet or cuprizone diet, which induces demyelination. These data will be a valuable resource for identifying therapeutic targets for enhancing remyelination in demyelinating diseases like multiple sclerosis.
2021-03-31 | GSE162683 | GEO
Project description:Demyelination and dysregulated myelination in the CNS are hallmarks of many neurodegenerative diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and leukodystrophies. Here, we studied GFAP+ astrocytes during de- and remyelination in the cuprizone mouse by exploiting the ribosomal tagging (RiboTag) technology. Analyses were performed 5 weeks after cuprizone feeding, at the peak of demyelination in the corpus callosum, and 0.5 and 2 weeks after cuprizone withdrawal, when remyelination and tissue repair is initiated. After 5 weeks of cuprizone feeding, reactive astrocytes showed inflammatory signatures with enhanced expression of genes that modulate leukocyte migration (Tlr2, Cd86, Parp14,Cxcl10). Furthermore, demyelination-induced reactive astrocytes expressed numerous ligands including Cx3cl1, Csf1, Il34, and Gas6 that act on homeostatic as well as activated microglia and thus potentially mediate activation and recruitment of microglia as well as enhancement of their phagocytosis. During early remyelination, region-specific astrocytes displayed reduced inflammatory response signatures as indicated by shut down of CXCL10 production. During late remyelination, the signatures of GFAP+ astrocytes shifted towards resolving inflammation by active suppression of lymphocyte activation and differentiation and support of glia cell differentiation. Astrocytes showed enhanced expression of osteopontin (SPP1) as well as of factors that are relevant for tissue remodelling (Timp1), regeneration and axonal repair. In conclusion, we detected highly dynamic astroglial transcriptomic signatures in the cuprizone model, which reflects excessive communication amongst glia cells and highlights different astrocyte functions during neurodegeneration and regeneration.
2023-07-11 | GSE236805 | GEO