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Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19

ABSTRACT: Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE129501 | GEO | 2019/07/15

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Transcriptional Responses to IFN-? Require Mediator Kinase-Dependent Pause Release and Mechanistically Distinct CDK8 and CDK19 Functions.

Project description:Transcriptional responses to external stimuli remain poorly understood. Using global nuclear run-on followed by sequencing (GRO-seq) and precision nuclear run-on sequencing (PRO-seq), we show that CDK8 kinase activity promotes RNA polymerase II pause release in response to interferon-? (IFN-?), a universal cytokine involved in immunity and tumor surveillance. The Mediator kinase module contains CDK8 or CDK19, which are presumed to be functionally redundant. We implemented cortistatin A, chemical genetics, transcriptomics, and other methods to decouple their function while assessing enzymatic versus structural roles. Unexpectedly, CDK8 and CDK19 regulated different gene sets via distinct mechanisms. CDK8-dependent regulation required its kinase activity, whereas CDK19 governed IFN-? responses through its scaffolding function (i.e., it was kinase independent). Accordingly, CDK8, not CDK19, phosphorylates the STAT1 transcription factor (TF) during IFN-? stimulation, and CDK8 kinase inhibition blocked activation of JAK-STAT pathway TFs. Cytokines such as IFN-? rapidly mobilize TFs to "reprogram" cellular transcription; our results implicate CDK8 and CDK19 as essential for this transcriptional reprogramming.

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Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19

Project description:Transcriptional responses to interferon require Mediator kinase-dependent pause release and mechanistically distinct functions of CDK8 and CDK19

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Differential Gene Expression in MDA-MB231 from transduction of cells with shRNA targeting CDK19 and CDK8

Project description:When CDK19 was initially discovered, it was assumed that CDK19 played a redundant role to CDK8 because they share 84% amino acid sequence similarity. However, biological clues such as CDK19s different chromosomal location and its more limited tissue distribution suggested a role distinct from CDK8 To investigate whether CDK19 and CDK8 had distinct biological functions in Triple-Negative breast cancer, we knocked down CDK19 and CDK8 in MDA-MB231 and examined differences in the resulting gene expression.

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Project description:Mediator complex has been known as pivotal regulator of RNA polymerase II. Mediator complex has two CDK subunits in vertebrates, named CDK8 and CDK19. To elucidate functional difference between CDK8 and CDK19 in human cell, we employ siRNA mediate knockdown assay using HeLa S3 cell line. According to this assay these CDKs possess highly redundancy in HeLa S3 cell transcription regulation mechanism but in several genes, each CDK shows gene specific regulatory function.

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Project description:When CDK19 was initially discovered, it was assumed that CDK19 played a redundant role to CDK8 because they share 84% amino acid sequence similarity. However, biological clues such as CDK19s different chromosomal location and its more limited tissue distribution suggested a role distinct from CDK8 To investigate whether CDK19 and CDK8 had distinct biological functions in Triple-Negative breast cancer, we knocked down CDK19 and CDK8 in a patient-derived xenograft (PDX-C69) and examined differences in the resulting gene expression.

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