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Time-resolved small RNA sequencing unravels molecular principles of microRNA homeostasis [nbrKO miRNA-seq]

ABSTRACT: Argonaute (Ago)-bound microRNAs (miRNAs) silence mRNA expression in a dynamic and regulated manner to control organismal development, physiology and disease. Here, we employed metabolic sequencing of small RNAs for a comprehensive view on intracellular miRNA kinetics in Drosophila. Based on absolute biogenesis and decay rates, miRNAs rank among the fastest produced and most long-lived cellular transcripts, enabling them to reach >105 copies per cell at steady-state. Tight coupling of steps in biogenesis produces mature miRNAs within minutes and is effectively disrupted by pre-miRNA uridylation. In contrast, control over Ago protein homeostasis generates a kinetic bottleneck that cooperates with ncRNA surveillance to ensure faithful miRNA loading. Finally, regulated small RNA decay enables the rapid turnover of specific Ago1-bound miRNAs but not of Ago2-bound siRNAs, reflecting key differences in the robustness of small RNA silencing pathways. Our work opens new experimental avenues to deconvolute the timescales, molecular features, and regulation of small RNA silencing pathways in living cells.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE129587 | GEO | 2019/08/06

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of small RNAs which typically function by guiding cleavage of target messenger RNAs. They have been shown to play major roles in a variety of plant processes including development, and responses to pathogens and environmental stresses. To identify new miRNAs and regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana, 27 small RNA libraries were constructed and sequenced from various tissues, stresses and small RNA biogenesis mutants, resulting in 95 million genome-matched sequences. The use of rdr2 to enrich the miRNA population greatly enhanced this analysis and led to the discovery of 44 new miRNAs arising from both known and new precursors. Parallel Analysis of RNA Ends (PARE) data provide evidence that the majority guide target cleavage. The inclusion of novel stress/tissue conditions, such as submergence-stressed flowers, enabled identification of new stress regulation of both miRNAs and their targets, all of which were validated in wild type plants. By combining small RNA expression analysis with ARGONAUTE (AGO) immunoprecipitation data and global target cleavage data from PARE, a much more complete picture of Arabidopsis miRNAs was obtained. This combinatorial approach led to the discovery of AGO loading and target cleavage biases, which gave important insights into tissue-specific expression patterns, pathogen responses and the role of sequence variation among closely related miRNA family members. Examination of various tissues, stresses and small RNA biogenesis mutants in Arabidopsis by high-throughput sequencing for small RNA profiling. We have used AGO-IP and PARE data from the published data, which were downloaded from NCBI GEO with the following accession number. AGO-IP from GSM253622, GSM707682, GSM642335, GSM642336, GSM512703, GSM512702, GSM707683, GSM707684, GSM707685, GSM149080, GSM253623, GSM304283, GSM642337, GSM642338, GSM253624, GSM415788, GSM707686, GSM707687, GSM707688, GSM707689, GSM415787, GSM149081, GSM253625, GSM415789, GSM415790, GSM304285, GSM415791, GSM415792 PARE sequencing data from xrn4 flowers were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus with accession number GSM280227.

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Time-resolved small RNA sequencing unravels molecular principles of microRNA homeostasis [nbrKO miRNA-seq]

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