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The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE130546 | GEO | 2019/12/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome.

Project description:BackgroundDrosophila dosage compensation is an important model system for defining how active chromatin domains are formed. The male-specific lethal dosage compensation complex (MSLc) increases transcript levels of genes along the length of the single male X-chromosome to equalize with that expressed from the two female X-chromosomes. The strongest binding sites for MSLc cluster together in three-dimensional space largely independent of MSLc because clustering occurs in both sexes. CLAMP, a non-sex specific, ubiquitous zinc finger protein, binds synergistically with MSLc to enrich the occupancy of both factors on the male X-chromosome.ResultsHere, we demonstrate that CLAMP promotes the observed three-dimensional clustering of MSLc binding sites. Moreover, the X-enriched CLAMP protein more strongly promotes longer-range three-dimensional interactions on the X-chromosome than autosomes. Genome-wide, CLAMP promotes three-dimensional interactions between active chromatin regions together with other insulator proteins.ConclusionOverall, we define how long-range interactions which are modulated by a locally enriched ubiquitous transcription factor promote hyper-activation of the X-chromosome to mediate dosage compensation.

| S-EPMC8240218 | biostudies-literature

The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [4C-seq]

Project description:Hi-C and 4C-seq anlaysis of Drosophila S2 cells Drosophila dosage compensation is an important model system for defining how active chromatin domains are formed. The Male-specific lethal dosage compensation complex (MSLc) increases transcript levels of genes along the length of the single male X-chromosome to equalize with that on the two female X-chromosomes. The strongest binding sites for MSLc cluster together in three-dimensional space independent of MSLc because clustering occurs in both sexes. CLAMP, a non-sex specific, ubiquitous zinc finger protein, binds synergistically with MSLc to enrich the occupancy of both factors on the male X-chromosome. Here, we demonstrate that CLAMP promotes the observed clustering of MSLc bindings sites. Genome-wide, CLAMP promotes interactions between active chromatin regions and represses interactions between inactive chromatin regions. Moreover, the X-enriched CLAMP protein promotes longer-range interactions on the active X-chromosome than autosomes. Overall, we define how long-range interactions, mediated by a locally-enriched ubiquitous transcription factor, generate a three-dimensional active chromatin domain.

2019-12-01 | GSE130544 | GEO

The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [Hi-C seq]

2019-12-01 | GSE130545 | GEO

Enhanced chromatin accessibility of the dosage compensated Drosophila male X-chromosome requires the CLAMP zinc finger protein.

Project description:The essential process of dosage compensation is required to equalize gene expression of X-chromosome genes between males (XY) and females (XX). In Drosophila, the conserved Male-specific lethal (MSL) histone acetyltransferase complex mediates dosage compensation by increasing transcript levels from genes on the single male X-chromosome approximately two-fold. Consistent with its increased levels of transcription, the male X-chromosome has enhanced chromatin accessibility, distinguishing it from the autosomes. Here, we demonstrate that the non-sex-specific CLAMP (Chromatin-linked adaptor for MSL proteins) zinc finger protein that recognizes GA-rich sequences genome-wide promotes the specialized chromatin environment on the male X-chromosome and can act over long genomic distances (~14 kb). Although MSL complex is required for increasing transcript levels of X-linked genes, it is not required for enhancing global male X-chromosome chromatin accessibility, and instead works cooperatively with CLAMP to facilitate an accessible chromatin configuration at its sites of highest occupancy. Furthermore, CLAMP regulates chromatin structure at strong MSL complex binding sites through promoting recruitment of the Nucleosome Remodeling Factor (NURF) complex. In contrast to the X-chromosome, CLAMP regulates chromatin and gene expression on autosomes through a distinct mechanism that does not involve NURF recruitment. Overall, our results support a model where synergy between a non-sex-specific transcription factor (CLAMP) and a sex-specific cofactor (MSL) creates a specialized chromatin domain on the male X-chromosome.

| S-EPMC5659772 | biostudies-literature

The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome

Project description:The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome

| PRJNA540589 | ENA

The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [4C-seq]

Project description:The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [4C-seq]

| PRJNA540596 | ENA

The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [Hi-C seq]

Project description:The zinc finger protein CLAMP promotes long-range chromatin interactions that mediate dosage compensation of the Drosophila male X-chromosome [Hi-C seq]

| PRJNA540595 | ENA

Enhanced chromatin accessibility of the dosage compensated Drosophila male X chromosome requires the CLAMP zinc finger protein

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2017-10-31 | GSE99894 | GEO

Enhanced chromatin accessibility of the dosage compensated Drosophila male X chromosome requires the CLAMP zinc finger protein [MNase-SEQ]

Project description:The essential process of dosage compensation is required to equalize gene expression of X-chromosome genes between males (XY) and females (XX). In Drosophila, the conserved Male-specific lethal (MSL) histone acetyltransferase complex mediates dosage compensation by increasing transcript levels from genes on the single male X-chromosome approximately two-fold. Consistent with its increased levels of transcription, the male X-chromosome has enhanced chromatin accessibility, distinguishing it from the autosomes. Here, we demonstrate that the non-sex specific CLAMP (Chromatin-linked adaptor for MSL proteins) zinc finger protein that recognizes GA-rich sequences genome-wide promotes the specialized chromatin environment on the male X-chromosome. In contrast, MSL complex is not required for global male X-chromosome chromatin accessibility, and instead promotes chromatin accessibility just at its highest-occupancy sites. Overall, our results support a model where synergy between the global increases in accessibility promoted by CLAMP and the local effects of MSL complex create a specialized chromatin domain on the male X-chromosome.

2017-10-31 | GSE99893 | GEO

Enhanced chromatin accessibility of the dosage compensated Drosophila male X chromosome requires the CLAMP zinc finger protein [START-SEQ]

Project description:The essential process of dosage compensation is required to equalize gene expression of X-chromosome genes between males (XY) and females (XX). In Drosophila, the conserved Male-specific lethal (MSL) histone acetyltransferase complex mediates dosage compensation by increasing transcript levels from genes on the single male X-chromosome approximately two-fold. Consistent with its increased levels of transcription, the male X-chromosome has enhanced chromatin accessibility, distinguishing it from the autosomes. Here, we demonstrate that the non-sex specific CLAMP (Chromatin-linked adaptor for MSL proteins) zinc finger protein that recognizes GA-rich sequences genome-wide promotes the specialized chromatin environment on the male X-chromosome. In contrast, MSL complex is not required for global male X-chromosome chromatin accessibility, and instead promotes chromatin accessibility just at its highest-occupancy sites. Overall, our results support a model where synergy between the global increases in accessibility promoted by CLAMP and the local effects of MSL complex create a specialized chromatin domain on the male X-chromosome.

2017-10-31 | GSE99842 | GEO

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