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Project description:The mitotic deacetylase complex (MiDAC) is a recently identified histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex. While other HDAC complexes have been implicated in neurogenesis, the physiological role of MiDAC remains unknown. Here, we show that MiDAC constitutes an important regulator of neural differentiation. We demonstrate that MiDAC functions as a modulator of a neurodevelopmental gene expression program and binds to important regulators of neurite outgrowth. MiDAC upregulates gene expression of pro-neural genes such as those encoding the secreted ligands SLIT3 and NETRIN1 (NTN1) by a mechanism suggestive of H4K20ac removal on promoters and enhancers. Conversely, MiDAC inhibits gene expression by reducing H3K27ac on promoter-proximal and -distal elements of negative regulators of neurogenesis. Furthermore, loss of MiDAC results in neurite outgrowth defects that can be rescued by supplementation with SLIT3 and/or NTN1. These findings indicate a crucial role for MiDAC in regulating the ligands of the SLIT3 and NTN1 signaling axes to ensure the proper integrity of neurite development.
| S-EPMC7192582 | biostudies-literature
Project description:Cell type diversity during neuro-ectodermal (NE) differentiation is achieved through selective activation and silencing of neurodevelopmental genes. Here, we show a key role for the histone deacetylase complex MiDAC during neuronal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into NE. We demonstrate that MiDAC functions as a modulator of a neurodevelopmental gene expression program and binds to important regulators of neurite outgrowth. MiDAC mediates the removal of H4K20ac on the promoters and enhancers of pro-neural genes such as the axon guidance ligands Slit3 and Ntn1 while in parallel reducing H3K27ac on promoter-proximal and -distal elements of negative regulators of neurogenesis thereby upregulating and inhibiting gene expression, respectively. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth defects in MiDAC KO neurons can be rescued by restoring Slit3/Robo3-Ntn1/Unc5b signaling. Taken together, our work suggests a crucial role for MiDAC in regulating the secretome of the Slit3/Robo3-Ntn1/Unc5b signaling axes to ensure the proper integrity of neurite development.
2020-04-08 | GSE131061 | GEO
Project description:Cell type diversity during neuro-ectodermal (NE) differentiation is achieved through selective activation and silencing of neurodevelopmental genes. Here, we show a key role for the histone deacetylase complex MiDAC during neuronal differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) into NE. We demonstrate that MiDAC functions as a modulator of a neurodevelopmental gene expression program and binds to important regulators of neurite outgrowth. MiDAC mediates the removal of H4K20ac on the promoters and enhancers of pro-neural genes such as the axon guidance ligands Slit3 and Ntn1 while in parallel reducing H3K27ac on promoter-proximal and -distal elements of negative regulators of neurogenesis thereby upregulating and inhibiting gene expression, respectively. Furthermore, neurite outgrowth defects in MiDAC KO neurons can be rescued by restoring Slit3/Robo3-Ntn1/Unc5b signaling. Taken together, our work suggests a crucial role for MiDAC in regulating the secretome of the Slit3/Robo3-Ntn1/Unc5b signaling axes to ensure the proper integrity of neurite development.
2020-04-08 | GSE131060 | GEO
Project description:The histone deacetylase complex MiDAC regulates a neurodevelopmental gene expression to control neurite outgrowth
| PRJNA542528 | ENA
Project description:The histone deacetylase complex MiDAC regulates a neurodevelopmental gene expression to control neurite outgrowth [RNA-Seq]
| PRJNA542515 | ENA
Project description:The histone deacetylase complex MiDAC regulates a neurodevelopmental gene expression to control neurite outgrowth [ChIP-Seq]
| PRJNA542516 | ENA
Project description:BACKGROUND: Trans-activation response element (TAR) DNA binding protein of 43kDa (TDP-43) is causally related to the neurodegenerative diseases frontotemporal dementia and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis being the hallmark protein in the disease-characteristic neuropathological lesions and via genetic linkage. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) is an established target of the RNA-binding protein TDP-43. HDAC6 is an unusual cytosolic deacetylase enzyme, central for a variety of pivotal cellular functions including aggregating protein turnover, microtubular dynamics and filopodia formation. All these functions are important in the context of neurodegenerative proteinopathies involving TDP-43. We have previously shown in a human embryonic kidney cell line that TDP-43 knockdown significantly impairs the removal of a toxic, aggregating polyQ ataxin-3 fusion protein in an HDAC6-dependent manner. Here we investigated the influence of TDP-43 and its target HDAC6 on neurite outgrowth. RESULTS: Human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells with stably silenced TDP-43 showed a significant reduction of neurite outgrowth induced by retinoic acid and brain-derived neurotrophic factor. Re-transfection with TDP-43 as well as HDAC6 rescued retinoic acid-induced neurite outgrowth. In addition, we show that silencing of HDAC6 alone is sufficient to reduce neurite outgrowth of in vitro differentiated SH-SY5Y cells. CONCLUSIONS: TDP-43 deficiency leads to impairment of neurite growth in an HDAC6-dependent manner, thereby contributing to neurodegenerative events in TDP-43 diseases.
| S-EPMC3170629 | biostudies-other
Project description:MiDAC is one of seven distinct, large multi-protein complexes that recruit class I histone deacetylases to the genome to regulate gene expression. Despite implications of involvement in cell cycle regulation and in several cancers, surprisingly little is known about the function or structure of MiDAC. Here we show that MiDAC is important for chromosome alignment during mitosis in cancer cell lines. Mice lacking the MiDAC proteins, DNTTIP1 or MIDEAS, die with identical phenotypes during late embryogenesis due to perturbations in gene expression that result in heart malformation and haematopoietic failure. This suggests that MiDAC has an essential and unique function that cannot be compensated by other HDAC complexes. Consistent with this, the cryoEM structure of MiDAC reveals a unique and distinctive mode of assembly. Four copies of HDAC1 are positioned at the periphery with outward-facing active sites suggesting that the complex may target multiple nucleosomes implying a processive deacetylase function.
| S-EPMC7319964 | biostudies-literature
Project description:The neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells on collagen-coated glass plates under light emitting diode (LED) irradiation at several wavelengths (i.e., 455, 470, 525, 600, 630, 880 and 945 nm) was investigated. No neurite outgrowth was observed during cultivation under irradiation from the lamp of an inverted light microscope through filters (yielding mixed light at ca. 525 nm and more than 800 nm), whereas neurite outgrowth was observed during cultivation in the dark. When these cells were irradiated with monochromatic LED light, neurite outgrowth was slightly, but not completely, suppressed at 455, 525, 600, 630, 880 and 945 nm, as was observed in the case of mixed light. Long connected neuronal outgrowths (e.g., 3 mm length) were observed with LED light at 470 nm and 1.8 mW/cm(2) intensity. No such outgrowths were observed at other LED light wavelengths (i.e., 455, 525, 600, 630, 880 and 945 nm). Irradiation at 470 nm may have caused specific responses to transductional signals in these cells that led to the connection of neuronal outgrowths between cells. Not only suppressed neurite outgrowth but also long connected neurite outgrowths were observed when PC12 cells were cultured under several different wavelengths of light.
| S-EPMC2267507 | biostudies-other
Project description:BackgroundHDAC1-containing NuRD complex is required for GATA-1-mediated repression and activation.ResultsGATA-1 associated with acetylated HDAC1-containing NuRD complex, which has no deacetylase activity, for gene activation.ConclusionAcetylated HDAC1 converts NuRD complex from a repressor to an activator during GATA-1-directed erythroid differentiation program.SignificanceHDAC1 acetylation may function as a master regulator for the activity of HDAC1 containing complexes. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) play important roles in regulating cell proliferation and differentiation. The HDAC1-containing NuRD complex is generally considered as a corepressor complex and is required for GATA-1-mediated repression. However, recent studies also show that the NuRD complex is involved in GATA-1-mediated gene activation. We tested whether the GATA-1-associated NuRD complex loses its deacetylase activity and commits the GATA-1 complex to become an activator during erythropoiesis. We found that GATA-1-associated deacetylase activity gradually decreased upon induction of erythroid differentiation. GATA-1-associated HDAC1 is increasingly acetylated after differentiation. It has been demonstrated earlier that acetylated HDAC1 has no deacetylase activity. Indeed, overexpression of an HDAC1 mutant, which mimics acetylated HDAC1, promotes GATA-1-mediated transcription and erythroid differentiation. Furthermore, during erythroid differentiation, acetylated HDAC1 recruitment is increased at GATA-1-activated genes, whereas it is significantly decreased at GATA-1-repressed genes. Interestingly, deacetylase activity is not required for Mi2 remodeling activity, suggesting that remodeling activity may be required for both activation and repression. Thus, our data suggest that NuRD can function as a coactivator or repressor and that acetylated HDAC1 converts the NuRD complex from a repressor to an activator during GATA-1-directed erythroid differentiation.
| S-EPMC3504744 | biostudies-literature