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Yeast heat shock response at 37C, 42C and 46C

ABSTRACT: Life is resilient because living systems are able to respond to elevated temperatures with an ancient gene expression program called the heat shock response (HSR). Our global analysis revealed a modular HSR dependent on the severity of the stress in yeast. Interestingly, at all temperatures analyzed, the transcription of hundreds of genes is upregulated among them the molecular chaperones, which protect proteins from aggregation. However, for approximately 90% of the regulated genes, the function under stress remained enigmatic. Surprisingly, the majority of these upregulated genes is translated but only for a small fraction this results in raised proteins levels. In this context, increased translation is required to counter-balance elevated protein turnover at elevated temperatures. This anaplerotic reaction together with the molecular chaperone system allows yeast to buffer proteotoxic stress. When the capacity of this system is exhausted at extreme temperatures, translation is stopped via phase transition and growth stops.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE132186 | GEO | 2019/12/24

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Pollen development is central for plant reproduction and is assisted by changes of the transcriptome and the proteome. At the same time, pollen is largely heat sensitive, particularly at early developmental stages. To define the changes during development and the response of different stages to elevated temperatures we investigated the transcriptome and proteome of pollen at tetrad, post-meiotic and mature stage before and after application of elevated temperatures. We used Solanum lycopersicum as an economically important crop. We demonstrate that the number of transcripts declines from tetrad to mature stage, while the protein content shows the opposite trend. Comparison of the transcriptome and proteome led to the discovery of two translational modes assigned as direct translation – transcripts increased in a specific pollen stage lead to increased translation in the same stage – and delayed translation – transcripts are produced for translation in later stages. The response to elevated temperatures is with ~5% of all genes being upregulated comparable to general plant behavior. The alteration at proteome level marked the mature pollen as least responsive and the post-meiotic stages as most responsive with altered levels of 40% of the identified proteins. For a subset of the genes with direct translation we observed a downregulation of protein levels after heat stress, whereas some of the genes with delayed translation showed a shift from delayed to direct translation when heat stress is applied. Further, Hsps, proteasome subunits, ribosomal proteins as well as eukaryotic initiation factors are the most drastically affected groups. On the example of Hsps we document that the response at transcriptome and proteome levels in e.g. the post-meiotic and mature stage does not correlate. Moreover, while all stages respond to heat stress with regulation of transcript abundance of Hsps in a comparable manner, changes at proteome level are distinct. Thus, we demonstrate that the difference in heat stress response in different stages of pollen development is rather manifested by significant changes of protein than transcript abundance. ------------------------------------------------------- Solanaceae Pollen Thermotolerance Initial Training Network (SPOT-ITN) Consortium

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Yeast heat shock response at 37C, 42C and 46C

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