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Changes in gene expression in gamma delta T cells induced by Yamoa

ABSTRACT: Yamoa™ is marketed and sold as a dietary supplement with anecdotal positive effects in asthma and hay fever. We determined that Yamoa™ (ground bark of Funtumia elastica tree) stimulated innate immunity in part by affecting gamma delta T cells. Yamoa™ had distinct priming effects, very similar to, but more robust than, that of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), on bovine, mouse and human gamma delta T cells. However, the optimal effect was dependent on the presence of accessory cells. Gene expression patterns in bovine gamma delta T cells and monocytes induced by Yamoa™ were very similar to those induced by ultrapure LPS, but the agonists in Yamoa™ did not signal entirely through TLR4. Yamoa™ stimulated human cells to produce cytokines involved innate protection. The bioactive component of Yamoa™ was delineated to a complex polysaccharide fraction (Yam-I). Intraperitoneal injection of Yamoa™ and very low doses of Yam-I in mice induced rapid increases peritoneal neutrophils directed by changes chemokine expression. Yamoa™ and Yam-I were effective as therapeutic treatments in mice with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (ST) induced enterocolitis that resulted in decreased bacterial counts in feces. This initial characterization of the immune stimulatory properties of polysaccharides derived from Yamoa™ suggests potential mechanisms for positive effects in asthma and that they have potential for application in infectious disease settings. . Keywords: comparison of 3 treatment types, LPS, Yamoa, innate, adjuvant

ORGANISM(S): Bos taurus

PROVIDER: GSE13320 | GEO | 2009/08/31

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA109909

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Yamoaâ¢ is marketed and sold as a dietary supplement with anecdotal positive effects in asthma and hay fever. We determined that Yamoaâ¢ (ground bark of Funtumia elastica tree) stimulated innate immunity in part by affecting gamma delta T cells. Yamoaâ¢ had distinct priming effects, very similar to, but more robust than, that of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), on bovine, mouse and human gamma delta T cells. However, the optimal effect was dependent on the presence of accessory cells. Gene expression patterns in bovine gamma delta T cells and monocytes induced by Yamoaâ¢ were very similar to those induced by ultrapure LPS, but the agonists in Yamoaâ¢ did not signal entirely through TLR4. Yamoaâ¢ stimulated human cells to produce cytokines involved innate protection. The bioactive component of Yamoaâ¢ was delineated to a complex polysaccharide fraction (Yam-I). Intraperitoneal injection of Yamoaâ¢ and very low doses of Yam-I in mice induced rapid increases peritoneal neutrophils directed by changes chemokine expression. Yamoaâ¢ and Yam-I were effective as therapeutic treatments in mice with Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium (ST) induced enterocolitis that resulted in decreased bacterial counts in feces. This initial characterization of the immune stimulatory properties of polysaccharides derived from Yamoaâ¢ suggests potential mechanisms for positive effects in asthma and that they have potential for application in infectious disease settings. . Experiment Overall Design: To begin to understand the effects of Yamoa in innate immunity, we investigated the global gene expression profiles of stimulated bovine gamma delta T cells. Peripheral blood from 3 neonatal bovine calves was collected. gamma delta T cells were sorted to >97% purity using a FACS Vantage. Cells were placed in culture and stimulated with either an aqueous extract of Yamoa (32.6ug/ml), ultrapure LPS [uLPS (10ug/ml)] or PBS for 4 hours after which RNA was extracted and processed for microarray analysis.

Project description:γδ T cells are lymphocytes that function in both innate and adaptive immune responses, and our laboratory has previously reported that both bovine and human γδ T cells are primed for secondary responses by tannin components of the unripe apple peel (APP). In this report we began to investigate the mechanism by which priming occurs. We performed a microarray analysis on sorted bovine γδ T cells treated with APP and observed significant increases in transcripts encoding select inflammatory cytokines, such as GM-CSF, IL-8, and IL-17, but not markers of TCR stimulation such as IFNγ. When injected into the gut of mice, APP induced a robust influx of neutrophils into both the blood and peritoneum as measured by FACS. Importantly, both GM-CSF and IL-8 proteins were detected in these animals. Further studies were performed using the human γδ T cell-line MOLT-14, as large numbers of cells were required for subsequent experiments. Using these cells we found that both the GM-CSF and IL-8 mRNAs were significantly upregulated and stabilized in cells treated with APP. Finally, we show that the ERK1/2 MAPK pathway was activated in APP-treated MOLT-14 cells, and that this pathway plays a role in the mRNA stabilization we observed. Together, our data describe a unique inflammatory response in bovine, murine, and human γδ T cells in response to APP, and suggest that mRNA stability mechanisms could account for the priming phenotype we previously observed.APP has a distinctive gamma delta T cells specific priming activity. Keywords: comparison of 2 treatment types, tannin, gamma delta T cells To begin to understand the effects of APP in innate immunity, we investigated the global gene expression profiles of stimulated bovine gamma delta T cells. Peripheral blood from 2 neonatal bovine calves was collected. gamma delta T cells were sorted to >97% purity using a FACS Vantage. Cells were placed in culture and stimulated with either an aqueous extract of APP (42.2ug/ml) or PBS for 4 hours after which RNA was extracted and processed for microarray analysis following standard protocols from Affymetrix.

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Changes in gene expression in gamma delta T cells induced by Yamoa

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