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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Trypanosoma brucei brucei

PROVIDER: GSE134892 | GEO | 2019/10/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in <i>Trypanosoma brucei</i>.

Project description:African trypanosomes use an extreme form of antigenic variation to evade host immunity, involving the switching of expressed variant surface glycoproteins by a stochastic and parasite-intrinsic process. Parasite development in the mammalian host is another feature of the infection dynamic, with trypanosomes undergoing quorum sensing (QS)-dependent differentiation between proliferative slender forms and arrested, transmissible, stumpy forms. Longstanding experimental studies have suggested that the frequency of antigenic variation and transmissibility may be linked, antigen switching being higher in developmentally competent, fly-transmissible, parasites ("pleomorphs") than in serially passaged "monomorphic" lines that cannot transmit through flies. Here, we have directly tested this tenet of the infection dynamic by using 2 experimental systems to reduce pleomorphism. Firstly, lines were generated that inducibly lose developmental capacity through RNAi-mediated silencing of the QS signaling machinery ("inducible monomorphs"). Secondly, de novo lines were derived that have lost the capacity for stumpy formation by serial passage ("selected monomorphs") and analyzed for their antigenic variation in comparison to isogenic preselected populations. Analysis of both inducible and selected monomorphs has established that antigen switch frequency and developmental capacity are independently selected traits. This generates the potential for diverse infection dynamics in different parasite populations where the rate of antigenic switching and transmission competence are uncoupled. Further, this may support the evolution, maintenance, and spread of important trypanosome variants such as Trypanosoma brucei evansi that exploit mechanical transmission.

| S-EPMC6842576 | biostudies-literature

Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

Project description:Antigen switch frequency and developmental capacity are independently selected traits

2019-10-10 | GSE134891 | GEO

Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei I

Project description:Antigen switch frequency and developmental capacity are independently selected traits

2019-10-10 | GSE134889 | GEO

Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

Project description:Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei

| PRJNA556691 | ENA

Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

Project description:Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei II

| PRJNA556696 | ENA

Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei I

Project description:Developmental competence and antigen switch frequency can be uncoupled in Trypanosoma brucei I

| PRJNA556694 | ENA

Development of Trypanosoma brucei EATRO 1125 and Trypanosoma congolense IL3000 in the host bloodstream

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2018-10-01 | GSE114813 | GEO

The SPARC complex defines RNAPII promoters in Trypanosoma brucei

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2022-09-28 | GSE208037 | GEO

Phosphorylation differences among proteins of bloodstream developmental stages of Trypanosoma brucei brucei.

Project description:Early in an infection the bloodstream forms of the African trypanosome Trypanosoma brucei brucei are long, slender and rapidly dividing. Later, non-dividing, short, stumpy forms may be found. In this report we described biochemical differences between the two parasite populations in the phosphorylation of their proteins in vitro. Compared with the slender populations, the non-dividing stumpy forms of the parasites exhibit decreased phosphorylation of an 80 kDa protein and enhanced phosphorylation of 37 kDa and 42 kDa proteins (pp37 and pp42). These changes occurred regardless of whether the stumpy trypanosomes were generated naturally during the course of the infection or induced by difluoromethylornithine treatment. The phosphorylation of pp37 and pp42 occurs on serine and threonine residues and is totally dependent upon the presence of Mn2+ or Mg2+. However, excess Mn2+ or Mg2+ inhibits phosphorylation. Maximal phosphorylation of pp42 occurs with 1 mm-Mn2+ or 10 mm-Mg2+, whereas that of pp37 occurs with 50 mM-Mn2+ or greater than 100 mm-Mg2+. The phosphorylation of pp37 is greatly enhanced by KCl, whereas that of pp42 is only slightly increased by this salt. Ca2+, calmodulin, phospholipids and cyclic AMP have no discernible effect upon the phosphorylation of pp42 or pp37 in vitro, whereas heparin, suramin, polylysine, polyarginine and polyamines all inhibit phosphorylation. Thus the enzymes that phosphorylate pp42 and pp37 have properties similar to, but distinct from, those of mammalian casein kinase II. Since the casein-kinase-like activity is higher in the slender than in the stumpy forms, the enhanced phosphorylation of pp42 and pp37 in the non-dividing parasites is probably a result of the enhanced synthesis of these acidic proteins.

| S-EPMC1150005 | biostudies-other

Characterization of the regulatory programs governed by ELAV-like proteins in Trypanosoma brucei

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

2013-04-18 | GSE46162 | GEO