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Expression data from ileum samples from FADD IEC-KO (intestinal epithelial cell-knock out) and CASP8 IEC-KO mice in combination with different genetic mutations (Zbp1 -/-, Mlkl -/-, Ripk3 IEC-KO)

ABSTRACT: FADD-IEC KO and CASP8 IEC-KO mice spontaneously develop chronic ileitis charcterized by inflammatory gene expression. We characterized the role of MLKL, RIPK3, ZBP1, in the upregulation of inlflammatory genes in these mice. We used microarray to study the effect of MLKL, RIPK3 and ZBP1 on the gene expression profile in FADD IEC-KO and/or CASP8 IEC-KO mice and detect effects on specific inflammatory genes.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE137280 | GEO | 2020/05/01

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Expression data from colon samples from FADD IEC-KO (intestinal epithelial cell-knock out) and CASP8 IEC-KO mice in combination with different genetic mutations (Zbp1 -/-, Mlkl -/-, Ripk3 IEC-KO)

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ZBP1 and TRIF trigger lethal necroptosis in mice lacking caspase-8 and TNFR1

Project description:Necroptosis is a lytic form of cell death that is mediated by the kinase RIPK3 and the pseudokinase MLKL when caspase-8 is inhibited downstream of death receptors, toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3), TLR4, and the intracellular Z-form nucleic acid sensor ZBP1. Oligomerization and activation of RIPK3 is driven by interactions with the kinase RIPK1, the TLR adaptor TRIF, or ZBP1. In this study, we use immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) assays to generate a tissue atlas characterizing RIPK1, RIPK3, Mlkl, and ZBP1 expression in mouse tissues. RIPK1, RIPK3, and Mlkl were co-expressed in most immune cell populations, endothelial cells, and many mucosal epithelia. ZBP1 was expressed in many immune populations, but had more variable expression in epithelia compared to RIPK1, RIPK3, and Mlkl. Intriguingly, expression of ZBP1 was elevated in Casp8-/- Tnfr1-/- embryos prior to their succumbing to aberrant necroptosis around embryonic day 15. ZBP1 contributed to this embryonic lethality because rare Casp8-/- Tnfr1-/- Zbp1-/- mice survived until after birth. Necroptosis mediated by TRIF contributed to the demise of Casp8-/- Tnfr1-/- Zbp1-/- pups in the perinatal period. Of note, Casp8-/- Tnfr1-/- Trif-/- Zbp1-/- mice exhibited autoinflammation and morbidity, typically within 5-7 weeks of being born, which is not seen in Casp8-/- Ripk1-/- Trif-/- Zbp1-/-, Casp8-/- Ripk3-/-, or Casp8-/- Mlkl-/- mice. Therefore, after birth, loss of caspase-8 probably unleashes RIPK1-dependent necroptosis driven by death receptors other than TNFR1.

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Project description:CASP8 C362A KI MLKL KO e16.5 intestine RNAseq

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CASP8 C362A KI MLKL KO e16.5 intestine RNAseq

Project description:Caspase-8 is a protease with both pro-death and pro-survival functions: it is required for apoptosis induced by death receptors such as TNFR1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1) 1, and it has a critical role in suppressing necroptosis mediated by the kinase RIPK3 (receptor interacting protein kinase 3) and the pseudokinase MLKL (mixed lineage kinase-like) 2-4. Mice lacking caspase-8 display MLKL-dependent embryonic lethality 4, as do mice expressing catalytically inactive caspase-8 mutant C362A. However, Casp8C362A/C362A Mlkl-/- mice die in the perinatal period, whereas Casp8-/- Mlkl-/- mice are viable 4, indicating that inactive caspase-8 also has a pro-death scaffolding function. Here we show that inactive caspase-8 activates pyroptosis in MLKL-deficient intestinal epithelial cells around embryonic day 18, triggering the formation of ASC specks. Accordingly, intestinal atrophy and perinatal lethality in Casp8C362A/C362A Mlkl-/- mice was prevented by loss of caspase-1. In transfection studies, inactive caspase-8 mutants C362A or C362S were found in both the triton X-100 insoluble and soluble fractions, whereas wild-type caspase-8 existed only in the soluble fraction. Moreover, inactive caspase-8 shifted co-transfected ASC into the insoluble fraction, whereas wild-type caspase-8 did not. Thus, a defense mechanism is revealed that would allow intestinal epithelial cell death in the face of pathogens expressing virulence factors to inhibit caspase-8-dependent apoptosis and necroptosis.

2019-09-20 | GSE125625 | GEO

Single cell RNA-seq of intestine from E18.5 Mlkl -/- and Casp8 C362A/C362A Mlkl -/- embryos

Project description:Caspase-8 is a protease with both pro-death and pro-survival functions: it is required for apoptosis induced by death receptors such as TNFR1 (tumour necrosis factor receptor 1), and it has a critical role in suppressing necroptosis mediated by the kinase RIPK3 (receptor interacting protein kinase 3) and the pseudokinase MLKL (mixed lineage kinase-like). Mice lacking caspase-8 display MLKL-dependent embryonic lethality, as do mice expressing catalytically inactive caspase-8 mutant C362A. However, Casp8C362A/C362A Mlkl-/- mice die in the perinatal period, whereas Casp8-/- Mlkl-/- mice are viable, indicating that inactive caspase-8 also has a pro-death scaffolding function. Here we show that caspase-8 C362A triggers ASC speck formation and caspase-1-dependent pyroptosis in MLKL-deficient intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) around embryonic day 18. Pyroptosis contributed to the perinatal lethal phenotype because a number of Casp8 C362A/C362A Mlkl-/- Casp1-/- mice survived beyond weaning. Transfection studies suggested inactive caspase-8 adopts a distinct conformation to wild-type caspase-8, enabling it to engage the caspase-1 adaptor ASC. Wild-type caspase-8 was found in the Triton X-100 soluble fraction, whereas wild-type caspase-8 inhibited with the pan-caspase inhibitor emricasan, or inactive caspase-8 mutant C362A, were detected in the insoluble fraction. Moreover, inhibited or inactive caspase-8 shifted ASC into the insoluble fraction. Perinatal lethality was recapitulated when expression of caspase-8 C362A was restricted to IECs, but intriguingly, only in the absence of MLKL. Hence, unanticipated plasticity in death pathways is revealed such that IECs can undergo caspase-1-dependent death when caspase-8-dependent apoptosis and MLKL-dependent necroptosis are inhibited.

2019-09-20 | GSE132133 | GEO

Proteomic analysis of TRAIL-induced endogenous RIPK3-dependent necrosome complex

Project description:Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a well-known inducer of apoptosis via formation of the primary death-inducing signaling complex (TRAIL-DISC) at the level of membrane death receptors (DR4 and DR5) which recruit successively FADD and caspase-8. TRAIL can also induce necroptosis when caspases are inhibited. Necroptosis is a regulated cell death dependent on the formation of a cytosolic necrosome complex which includes RIPK1, RIPK3 and MLKL proteins. Elucidating the molecular mechanisms involved in TRAIL-induced necroptosis might provide new insights into the TRAIL death signaling pathway. Here, we report the analysis by mass spectrometry of endogenous RIPK3-dependent necrosome complex constituents upon necroptosis induced by TRAIL/z-VAD/Birinapant (TzB) in HT29 cells. Besides characterization of RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, FADD, caspase-8, we find TRIM21 as a new constituent of the necrosome complex. Moreover RIPK1, RIPK3, MLKL, P-MLKL, FADD, caspase-8 and TRIM21 are also found associated to the native TRAIL-DISC upon TzB stimulation showing initiation of the necrotic pathway at the level of TRAIL death receptors in HT29 cells. Finally, TRIM21 may positively modulate necroptosis induction by downregulating NF-kB activation.

2021-03-18 | PXD003383 | Pride

ZBP1-MLKL-dependent Necroptosis Triggers STING-mediated Cytosolic DNA Sensing and Promotes Antitumor Immunity of Radiation

Project description:Ionizing radiation promotes cytosolic DNA sensing and consequent antitumor immune responses. But how tumor cell-intrinsic cytosolic DNA sensing is initiated by radiation remains poorly defined. Here, we demonstrated that STING-mediated type I interferon production in tumor cells after radiation relied on the engagement of MLKL-mediated necroptosis, which was elicited by the ZBP1-RIPK3 signaling axis. Physiologically, tumor cell-intrinsic ZBP1-MLKL cascade augmented antitumor immune responses after radiation largely by regulating STING signaling. Mechanistically, ZBP1-MLKL-dependent necroptosis maintained the enrichment of mitochondria DNA inside the cytosol of tumor cells after radiation in a cell-density dependent fashion, contributing to type I interferon responses. In contrast, ablation of caspase-8 unleashed ZBP1-MLKL cascade to gain enhanced cytosolic DNA sensing, and in turn potentiated therapeutic effects of radiation. Thus, our findings uncover an unanticipated mechanism that ZBP1-MLKL-dependent necroptosis drives cytosolic DNA sensing-mediated antitumor immunity after radiation, and provide new strategy to improve radiotherapy by inhibiting caspase-8 cascade.

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