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The 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 promotes mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation

ABSTRACT: Input mRNAs and ribosome protected fragments (RPFs) from wildtype and Mettl5 knockout (KO) mESC cells were analyzed by TruSeq Ribo Profile (Illumina) library preparation and high throughput sequencing

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE138341 | GEO | 2020/08/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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METTL5, an 18S rRNA-specific m6A methyltransferase, modulates expression of stress response genes

Project description:Input mRNAs and ribosome protected fragments (RPFs) from wildtype and Mettl5 knockout (KO) B16 cells were analyzed by TruSeq Ribo Profile (Illumina) library preparation and high throughput sequencing

2020-04-28 | GSE138110 | GEO

The human 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 is stabilized by TRMT112

Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has recently been found abundantly on messenger RNA and shown to regulate most steps of mRNA metabolism. Several important m6A methyltransferases have been described functionally and structurally, but the enzymes responsible for installing one m6A residue on each subunit of human ribosomes at functionally important sites have eluded identification for over 30 years. Here we identify METTL5 as the enzyme responsible for 18S rRNA m6A modification and confirm ZCCHC4 as the 28S rRNA modification enzyme. We show that METTL5 must form a heterodimeric complex with TRMT112, a known methyltransferase activator, to gain metabolic stability in cells. We provide the first atomic resolution structure of METTL5-TRMT112, supporting that its RNA binding mode differs distinctly from that of other m6A RNA methyltransferases. On the basis of similarities with a DNA methyltransferase, we propose that METTL5-TRMT112 acts by extruding the adenosine to be modified from a double-stranded nucleic acid.

2019-07-15 | GSE128699 | GEO

METTL5, an 18S rRNA-specific m6A methyltransferase, regulates the Integrated Stress Response [eCLIP]

Project description:RNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A) modification is present in different RNA molecules, including protein-coding mRNAs and non-coding RNAs such as ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs).Here, we report that mammalian METTL5, a member of a highly conserved methyltransferase family, specifically methylates adenosine 1832 (A1832) in the 18S rRNA in vivo and in vitro.

2020-09-17 | GSE138123 | GEO

Ribosome Footprinting (RiboSeq) analysis of mRNA translation in Dis3l2 knockout mESCs

Project description:Input mRNAs and ribosome protected fragments (RPFs) from Heterozygout (Control) and Dis3l2 knockout (KO) mESCs cultures were analyzed by TruSeq Ribo Profile (Illumina) library preparation and high throughput sequencing

2020-04-04 | GSE136350 | GEO

The human 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 is stabilized by TRMT112.

Project description:N6-methyladenosine (m6A) has recently been found abundantly on messenger RNA and shown to regulate most steps of mRNA metabolism. Several important m6A methyltransferases have been described functionally and structurally, but the enzymes responsible for installing one m6A residue on each subunit of human ribosomes at functionally important sites have eluded identification for over 30 years. Here, we identify METTL5 as the enzyme responsible for 18S rRNA m6A modification and confirm ZCCHC4 as the 28S rRNA modification enzyme. We show that METTL5 must form a heterodimeric complex with TRMT112, a known methyltransferase activator, to gain metabolic stability in cells. We provide the first atomic resolution structure of METTL5-TRMT112, supporting that its RNA-binding mode differs distinctly from that of other m6A RNA methyltransferases. On the basis of similarities with a DNA methyltransferase, we propose that METTL5-TRMT112 acts by extruding the adenosine to be modified from a double-stranded nucleic acid.

| S-EPMC6735865 | biostudies-literature

The rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 is involved in pluripotency and developmental programmes

Project description:Covalent chemical modifications of cellular RNAs directly impact all biological processes. However, our mechanistic understanding of the enzymes catalysing these modifications, their substrates and biological functions remains vague. Here, we undertook a systematic screen to uncover new RNA methyltransferases. We demonstrate that the methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5) protein catalyses m6A in 18S rRNA at position A1832. We report that absence of Mettl5 in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) results in a changes gene expression, decrease in translation rate, spontaneous loss of pluripotency and compromised differentiation potential. Mice lacking METTL5 recapitulate symptoms of patients with METTL5 mutations, thereby providing a new mouse disease model. Overall, our work highlights the importance of m6A in rRNA in stemness, differentiation, development and diseases.

2020-04-15 | GSE144346 | GEO

Function and Mechanism of METTL5-mediated 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification in hepatocellular carcinoma

Project description:Tumor recurrence is main pattern of treatment failure for early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying disease recurrence remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that 18S rRNA N6-methyladenosine (m6A1832) modification and its methyltransferase complex METTL5/TRMT112 were upregulated in HCC and correlated with poor prognosis. Loss-of-function and gain-of-function assays demonstrated that METTL5/TRMT112 mediated 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification promotes HCC tumorigenesis in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification selectively regulated the translation of mRNAs with long 5’UTR and short 3’UTR through affecting the assembly of 80S subunit at translation initiation and its dissociation at translation termination which was executed by weakening the interaction of ABCE1 with eRF1 and eRF3. Moreover, METTL5-mediated 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification regulated β-oxidation of long-chain fatty acid through ACSL4 to promote HCC progression. Our work uncovered a novel layer of mRNA translation regulation mechanism at ribosome 80S subunit assembly and dissociation step mediated by 18S rRNA m6A1832 modification and revealed a new crosslink between RNA epigenetic modification and fatty acid metabolism in HCC.

2021-06-01 | GSE175827 | GEO

The 18S rRNA m6A methyltransferase METTL5 promotes mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation

Project description:RNA modifications represent a novel layer of regulation of gene expression. Functional experiments revealed that N6-methyladenosine (m6A) on messenger RNA (mRNA) plays critical roles in cell fate determination and development. The m6A mark also resides in the decoding center of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA), however, the biological function of m6A on 18S rRNA is still poorly understood. Here, we report that methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5) methylates 18S rRNA both in vivo and in vitro, which is consistent with previous reports. Deletion of Mettl5 causes a dramatic differentiation defect in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Mechanistically, m6A deposited by METTL5 regulates the efficient translation of F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7), a key regulator of cell differentiation. Deficiency of METTL5 reduces FBXW7 levels and leads to the accumulation of its substrate c-MYC, thereby delaying the onset of mESC differentiation. Our study uncovers an important role of METTL5-mediated 18S m6A in mESC differentiation through translation regulation and provides new insight into the functional significance of rRNA m6A.

| S-SCDT-EMBOR-2019-49863V1 | biostudies-other

Guidelines for performing Ribosome Profling in Plants Including Structural Analysis of rRNA fragments

Project description:Here, we compile valuable insights gathered over years of generating Ribo-seq datasets from different plant species and experimental setups. We tested the effects of variable ribonuclease treatments for the generation of ribosome protected fragments (RPFs). We tested rRNA depletion strategies designed specifically for Arabidopsis and Tobacco. We also compare ligation-free to ligation-based library preparation strategies for generating Ribo-seq libraries.

2024-07-05 | GSE226508 | GEO

The 18S rRNA m<sup>6</sup> A methyltransferase METTL5 promotes mouse embryonic stem cell differentiation.

Project description:RNA modifications represent a novel layer of regulation of gene expression. Functional experiments revealed that N6 -methyladenosine (m6 A) on messenger RNA (mRNA) plays critical roles in cell fate determination and development. m6 A mark also resides in the decoding center of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA); however, the biological function of m6 A on 18S rRNA is still poorly understood. Here, we report that methyltransferase-like 5 (METTL5) methylates 18S rRNA both in vivo and in vitro, which is consistent with previous reports. Deletion of Mettl5 causes a dramatic differentiation defect in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs). Mechanistically, the m6 A deposited by METTL5 is involved in regulating the efficient translation of F-box and WD repeat domain-containing 7 (FBXW7), a key regulator of cell differentiation. Deficiency of METTL5 reduces FBXW7 levels and leads to the accumulation of its substrate c-MYC, thereby delaying the onset of mESC differentiation. Our study uncovers an important role of METTL5-mediated 18S m6 A in mESC differentiation through translation regulation and provides new insight into the functional significance of rRNA m6 A.

| S-EPMC7534618 | biostudies-literature

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