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Transcriptional profiles of adult Schistosoma japonicum in response to insulin

ABSTRACT: To define the differential gene regulation of adult Schistosoma japonicum in response to host insulin, we utilised a parasite microarray with 38,444 probes representing 19,222 genes. We cultured male and female adult worms were exposed to insulin and glucose; and then parasites were collected at three time-points. There were 1,437 probes (1101 genes) up or down regulated (±1.5 fold change) by insulin after 0.5, 3, 24 hours, with the majority, 712 probes (577 genes) and 623 probes (486 genes) were up-regulated at 24 hour of adding insulin in males and females respectively compared with the control (without insulin).

ORGANISM(S): Schistosoma mansoni Schistosoma japonicum

PROVIDER: GSE13891 | GEO | 2008/12/12

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA110293

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common clinical event with high morbidity and mortality. We previously demonstrated that injection of cord blood endothelial colony forming cell (ECFC)-derived exosomes, highly enriched in miRNA(miR)-486-5p, prevented ischemic kidney injury in mice. While preclinical models support involvement of several miRs in AKI, the direct effects of miR-486-5p on injury and the kidney transcriptome are unknown. Objective: We studied effects of miR-486-5p in mice with kidney ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury, and compared the impact of miR-486-5p and ECFC-derived exosomes on the transcriptome of proximal tubules (PTs) and renal endothelial cells. Methods: Adult male mice were subjected to bilateral kidney ischemia (30 min), and injected via tail vein with or without vehicle, miR-486-5p mimic, ECFC-derived exosomes, or scramble miR at the start of reperfusion. Plasma and tissues were collected 24 hrs after reperfusion, and proximal tubular and endothelial cells were isolated for mRNA analysis by RNA-Seq. Results: In mice with kidney IR, injection of miR-486-5p mimic increased levels of miR-486-5p in proximal tubules and endothelial cells, and significantly improved plasma creatinine, histological injury, neutrophil infiltration, and apoptosis, compared to vehicle treatment. MiR-486-5p inhibited expression of phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), and activated AKT. Similar results were observed with exosomes, but scramble miR had no effect. In proximal tubules, miR-486-5p or exosomes reduced expression of several AKI genes (e.g. Lcn2, Havcr1 and Krt20) and caused alterations in apoptotic genes compared to IR alone. In endothelium, miR-486-5p or exosomes caused milder effect than in PTs but still impacting on expression of injury-related genes. Conclusion: MiR-486-5p protects mice against ischemic kidney injury. Both miR-486-5p and exosomes reduce expression of apoptotic genes in PTs and endothelium. The results suggest that systemic delivery of miR-486-5p has therapeutic potential in ischemic AKI.

Project description:Goal of the experiment: To identify correlated genes, pathways and groups of patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome and septic shock that is indicative of biologically important processes active in these patients. Background: We measured gene expression levels and profiles of children with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) and septic shock as a means for discovering patient sub-groups and gene signatures that are active in disease-affected individuals and potentially in patients with poor outcomes. Methods: Microarray and bioinformatics analyses of 123 microarray chips representing whole blood derived RNA from controls, children with SIRS, and children with septic shock. Results: A discovery-based filtering approach was undertaken to identify genes whose expression levels were altered in patients with SIRS or septic shock. Clustering of these genes identified 3 Major and several minor sub-groups of patients with SIRS or septic shock. The three groups differed with respect to incidence of septic shock and trended toward differences in mortality. Statistical analyses demonstrated that 6,435 gene probes were differentially regulated between the three patient sub-groups (false discovery rate < 0.001%). Of these gene probes, 623 gene probes within 7 major gene ontologies accounted for the majority of group differentiation. Network analyses of these 623 gene probes demonstrated 5 major gene networks that were differentially expressed between the 3 groups. Statistical comparison of septic shock survivors and non-survivors identified one major gene network that was under expressed in a high fraction of the non-survivors and identified potential biomarkers for poor outcome. Conclusions: This is the first genome-level demonstration of pediatric patient sub-groups with SIRS and septic shock. The sub-groups differ clinically and differentially express 5 major gene networks. We have identified gene signatures and potential biomarkers associated with poor outcome in children with septic shock. These data represent a major advancement in our genome-level understanding of pediatric SIRS and septic shock. Keywords: Septic shock, SIRS, pediatrics, outcome, infection, inflammation

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Transcriptional profiles of adult Schistosoma japonicum in response to insulin

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