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TRNA-derived fragments and microRNAs in the maternal-fetal interface of a mouse maternal-immune-activation autism model

ABSTRACT: We analyzed the small RNA composition of mouse placenta/decidua to determine whether there are specific differences in small RNAs during fetal development and in response to maternal immune activation.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE139191 | GEO | 2020/01/28

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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tRNA-derived fragments and microRNAs in the maternal-fetal interface of a mouse maternal-immune-activation autism model.

Project description:tRNA-derived small fragments (tRFs) and tRNA halves have emerging functions in different biological pathways, such as regulating gene expression, protein translation, retrotransposon activity, transgenerational epigenetic changes and response to environmental stress. However, small RNAs like tRFs and microRNAs in the maternal-fetal interface during gestation have not been studied extensively. Here we investigated the small RNA composition of mouse placenta/decidua, which represents the interface where the mother communicates with the foetus, to determine whether there are specific differences in tRFs and microRNAs during fetal development and in response to maternal immune activation (MIA). Global tRF expression pattern, just like microRNAs, can distinguish tissue types among placenta/decidua, fetal brain and fetal liver. In particular, 5' tRNA halves from tRNAGly, tRNAGlu, tRNAVal and tRNALys are abundantly expressed in the normal mouse placenta/decidua. Moreover, tRF and microRNA levels in the maternal-fetal interface change dynamically over the course of embryonic development. To see if stress alters non-coding RNA expression at the maternal-fetal interface, we treated pregnant mice with a viral infection mimetic, which has been shown to promote autism-related phenotypes in the offspring. Acute changes in the levels of specific tRFs and microRNAs were observed 3-6 h after MIA and are suppressed thereafter. A group of 5' tRNA halves is down-regulated by MIA, whereas a group of 18-nucleotide tRF-3a is up-regulated. In conclusion, tRFs show tissue-specificity, developmental changes and acute response to environmental stress, opening the possibility of them having a role in the fetal response to MIA.

| S-EPMC7549640 | biostudies-literature

Sexually dimorphic crosstalk at the maternal-fetal interface

Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. RNA-sequencing of matched maternal decidua (4) and placenta (4) identified 91 sexually dimorphic receptor-ligand pairs across the maternal-fetal interface, 32 in females and 59 in males.

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Reconstructing the human first trimester fetal-maternal interface using single cell transcriptomics - Smartseq 2 data

Project description:To explore the interactions between the range of maternal and fetal placental cell types present, we profiled the transcriptomes of more than 50,000 single cells from matched first trimester samples of maternal blood and decidua, as well as fetal cells from the placenta itself. This part contains RNA-seq of Decidua cells using Smartseq 2

2019-08-21 | E-MTAB-6678 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Reconstructing the human first trimester fetal-maternal interface using single cell transcriptomics - 10x data

Project description:To explore the interactions between the range of maternal and fetal placental cell types present, we profiled the transcriptomes of more than 50,000 single cells from matched first trimester samples of maternal blood and decidua, as well as fetal cells from the placenta itself. RNA-seq was done using the standard 10x chromium v2 chemistry.

2018-10-02 | E-MTAB-6701 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Reconstructing the human first trimester fetal-maternal interface using single cell transcriptomics - whole genome sequencing

Project description:To explore the interactions between the range of maternal and fetal placental cell types present, we profiled the transcriptomes of more than 50,000 single cells from matched first trimester samples of maternal blood and decidua, as well as fetal cells from the placenta itself. Demuxlet was used to discern between cells of fetal and maternal origin, from SNPs inferred from genotyping.

2018-10-17 | E-MTAB-7304 | biostudies-arrayexpress

tRNA-derived fragments and microRNAs in the maternal-fetal interface of a mouse maternal-immune-activation autism model

Project description:tRNA-derived fragments and microRNAs in the maternal-fetal interface of a mouse maternal-immune-activation autism model

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Two distinct myeloid subsets at the term human fetal-maternal interface

Project description:The subsets of immune cells within the human placenta are incompletely described. We used microarray to determine the transcriptional differences between two myeloid subsets in the term human placenta.

2017-09-26 | GSE104224 | GEO

Sexually dimorphic crosstalk at the maternal-fetal interface

Project description:The first trimester is a critical window of maternal-fetal communication for pregnancy. Using single cell RNA-sequencing to dissect placenta heterogeneity, we identified five major cell types (trophoblasts, stromal cells, hofbauer cells, antigen presenting cells and endothelial cells). We identified seven unique trophoblast subclusters, including new subtypes that transition into the terminal cell types, extra-villous trophoblasts and syncytiotrophoblasts. As fetal sex impacts pregnancy, we analyzed sex differences in each cell type and identified differences in immune cell function. TGFβ1, β-estradiol, and dihydrotestosterone emerge as upstream regulators of sexually dimorphic genes in a cell type specific manner. Thus, the fetal contribution at the maternal-fetal interface is cell and sex specific.

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Maternal Serum tRNA-Derived Fragments (tRFs) as Potential Candidates for Diagnosis of Fetal Congenital Heart Disease.

Project description:BackgroundCongenital heart disease (CHD) is one of the most predominant birth defects that causes infant death worldwide. The timely and successful surgical treatment of CHD on newborns after delivery requires accurate detection and reliable diagnosis during pregnancy. However, there are no biomarkers that can serve as an early diagnostic factor for CHD patients. tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have been reported to play an important role in the occurrence and progression of numerous diseases, but their roles in CHD remains unknown.MethodsHigh-throughput sequencing was performed on the peripheral blood of pregnant women with an abnormal fetal heart and a normal fetal heart, and 728 differentially expressed tRFs/tiRNAs were identified, among which the top 18 tRFs/tiRNAs were selected as predictive biomarkers of CHD. Then, a quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction verified the expression of tRFs/tiRNAs in more clinical samples, and the correlation between tRFs/tiRNAs abnormalities and CHD was analyzed.ResultstRF-58:74-Gly-GCC-1 and tiRNA-1:35-Leu-CAG-1-M2 may be promising biomarkers. Through further bioinformatics analysis, we predicted that TRF-58:744-GLy-GCC-1 could induce CHD by influencing biological metabolic processes.ConclusionsOur results provide a theoretical basis for the abnormally expressed tRF-58:74-Gly-GCC-1 in maternal peripheral blood as a new potential biomarker for the accurate diagnosis of CHD during pregnancy.

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Microarray comparing maternal peripheral blood effector T cells to decidual effector T cells

Project description:The aim of this experiment was to compare the difference in transcription profile of effector memory CD4 and CD8 T cells present in the maternal peripheral blood to those present in the decidua of the of the placenta. We performed this to identify potential immunological pathways that were present in effector T cells at the decidua, and how these may affect the interaction that the maternal immune system has towards the semi-allogenic fetus.

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