Transcriptionnal coregulator GRIP1 differentially modulate myeloid cell-driven neuroinflammation and response to IFN-beta therapy
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE141721 | GEO | 2020/10/03
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Transcriptionnal coregulator GRIP1 differentially modulate myeloid cell-driven neuroinflammation and response to IFN-beta therapy
| PRJNA594526 | ENA
Project description:Compelling evidence has shown that interferon (IFN)-γ has dual effects in multiple sclerosis and in its animal model of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), with results supporting both a pathogenic and beneficial function. However, the mechanisms whereby IFN-γ may promote neuroprotection in EAE and its effects on central nervous system (CNS)-resident cells have remained an enigma for more than 30 years. In this study, the impact of IFN-γ at the peak of EAE, its effects on CNS infiltrating myeloid cells (MC) and microglia (MG), and the underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms were investigated. IFN-γ administration resulted in disease amelioration and attenuation of neuroinflammation associated with significantly lower frequencies of CNS CD11b+ myeloid cells and less infiltration of inflammatory cells and demyelination. A significant reduction in activated MG and enhanced resting MG was determined by flow cytometry and immunohistrochemistry. Primary MC/MG cultures obtained from spinal cord of IFN-γ-treated EAE mice that were ex vivo re-stimulated with a low dose (1 ng/ml) of IFN-γ and neuroantigen promoted a significantly higher induction of CD4+ regulatory T (Treg) cells associated with increased transforming growth factor (TGF)-β secretion. Additionally, IFN-γ-treated primary MC/MG cultures produced significantly lower nitrite in response to LPS challenge than control MC/MG. IFN-γ-treated EAE mice had a significantly higher frequency of CX3CR1high MC/MG and expressed lower levels of program death ligand 1 (PD-L1) than PBS-treated mice. Most CX3CR1highPD-L1lowCD11b+Ly6G- cells expressed MG markers (Tmem119, Sall2, and P2ry12), indicating that they represented an enriched MG subset (CX3CR1highPD-L1low MG). Amelioration of clinical symptoms and induction of CX3CR1highPD-L1low MG by IFN-γ were dependent on STAT-1. RNA-seq analyses revealed that in vivo treatment with IFN-γ promoted the induction of homeostatic CX3CR1highPD-L1low MG, upregulating the expression of genes associated with tolerogenic and anti-inflammatory roles and down-regulating pro-inflammatory genes. These analyses highlight the master role that IFN-γ plays in regulating microglial activity and provide new insights into the cellular and molecular mechanisms involved in the therapeutic activity of IFN-γ in EAE.
2023-05-11 | GSE231833 | GEO
Project description:Glucocorticoid Receptor (GR) suppresses inflammation by activating anti-inflammatory and repressing pro-inflammatory genes. GR-interacting protein (GRIP)1 of the p160 family has emerged as a unique GR corepressor in macrophages (MΦ), however, whether GRIP1 contributes to GR-activated transcription, and what dictates its context-specific coactivator vs. corepressor properties is unknown. We report that loss of GRIP1 in human and mouse MΦ attenuated GR-mediated induction of several anti-inflammatory targets, revealing a non-redundant function of GRIP1 in coactivation. Moreover, glucocorticoid treatment of quiescent MΦ globally directed GRIP1 toward GR-bound genomic sites dominated by classic palindromic GREs, suggesting its dedicated role as a GR coactivator. Further, GRIP1 N-terminal region was phosphorylated at a serine cluster by Cyclin-Dependent Kinase (CDK)9, which was recruited into GC-induced GR:GRIP1:CDK9 ternary complexes, producing distinct GRIP1 phospho-isoforms at different GREs even associated with the same gene. Functionally, phosphorylation potentiated GRIP1 coactivator properties by facilitating its recruitment and/or creating novel protein:protein interaction surfaces in a GRE-specific manner. Strikingly, GRIP1 function as a GR corepressor was phosphorylation-independent; consistently, no phospho-GRIP1 or CDK9 was detected at GR transrepression sites near pro-inflammatory genes. Thus, liganded GR in MΦ restricts actions of its own coregulator via CDK9-mediated phosphorylation to a subset of complexes driving anti-inflammatory gene transcription.
2017-09-29 | GSE99887 | GEO
Project description:Diet-induced obesity is characterized by macrophage (MΦ) infiltration and low-grade chronic inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT) leading to insulin resistance. WAT MΦ are highly heterogeneous in their origin, patterns of gene expression and activities: unlike infiltrating monocyte-derived MΦ that promote inflammation and metabolic dysfunction, tissue-resident WAT MΦ originally described as ‘M2’ are phenotypically anti-inflammatory and counteract obesity and insulin resistance. Despite the critical role of the balance between these MΦ populations in metabolic homeostasis, the molecular mechanisms and key players that establish the resident MΦ transcription program are poorly understood. We recently reported that glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-interacting protein (GRIP)1 - a nuclear receptor coactivator - cooperates with GR to repress transcription of inflammatory genes. Here, using mice conditionally lacking GRIP1 in MΦ (cKO), we show that GRIP1 promotes MΦ polarization in response to IL4 (M2(IL4)) via a nuclear receptor-independent pathway by serving as a coactivator for Kruppel-like factor (KLF)4 – a critical driver of tissue MΦ differentiation. Interestingly, in vivo, GRIP1 cKO mice challenged with high-fat diet develop massive MΦ infiltration and chronic inflammation in WAT and liver, fatty livers, hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia and glucose intolerance consistent with metabolic syndrome phenotype. Together, our findings identify GRIP1 as a critical regulator of immunometabolism, which relies on distinct transcriptional mechanisms to coordinate the balance between MΦ populations in vivo thereby protecting mice from obesity-induced metabolic disease.
2017-02-07 | GSE80160 | GEO
Project description:Innate receptors, including Toll like receptors (TLRs), are implicated in pathogenesis of CNS inflammatory diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). TLR response to pathogens or endogenous signals includes production of immunoregulatory mediators. One of these, interferon (IFN)β, a Type I IFN, plays a protective role in MS and EAE. We have previously shown that intrathecal administration of selected TLR ligands induced IFNβ and infiltration of blood-derived myeloid cells into the CNS, and suppressed EAE in mice. We have now extended these studies to evaluate a potential therapeutic role for CNS-endogenous TLR7 and TLR9. Intrathecal application of Imiquimod (TLR7 ligand) or CpG oligonucleotide (TLR9 ligand) into CNS of otherwise unmanipulated mice induced IFNβ expression, with greater magnitude in response to CpG. CNS extraparenchymal CD45+ cells were identified as source of IFNβ. Intrathecal CpG induced infiltration of monocytes, neutrophils, CD4+ T cells and NK cells whereas Imiquimod did not recruit blood-derived CD45+ cells. CpG, but not Imiquimod, had a beneficial effect on EAE, when given at time of disease onset. This therapeutic effect of CpG on EAE was not seen in mice lacking the Type I IFN receptor. In mice with EAE treated with CpG, the proportion of monocytes was significantly increased in the CNS. Infiltrating cells were predominantly localized to spinal cord meninges and demyelination was significantly reduced compared to non-treated mice with EAE. Our findings show that TLR7 and TLR9 signaling induce distinct inflammatory responses in the CNS with different outcome in EAE and point to recruitment of blood-derived cells and IFNβ induction as possible mechanistic links between TLR9 stimulation and amelioration of EAE. The protective role of TLR9 signaling in the CNS may have application in treatment of diseases such as MS.
2021-04-15 | GSE172083 | GEO
Project description:Macrophage polarization is implicated in acute and chronic inflammatory settings, and central to diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis and cancer. However, the transcription programs driving macrophage polarization are only partially known. Macrophage phenotypes exist on a spectrum, with anti-inflammatory (M2-like) and pro-inflammatory (M1-like) states viewed as polar opposite and relatively stable phenotype. The main driver of the M2-like program in response to IL4 is the Krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4), which uses transcriptional coregulator GRIP1 as a co-activator. Coincidentally, glucocorticoid hormone (GC)-activated GC receptor (GR) also induces the M2-like state, and GRIP1 is a well-known co-factor of GR. We are investigating if GRIP1 facilitates transcriptional and phenotypic convergence of the M2-like state via the GR and KLF4-regulated pathways. Using RNA-seq on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT and GRIP1-cKO mice, we have shown that GR and KLF4-regulated pathways share common and distinct transcriptomes. A lot of the key M2 genes are GRIP1-dependent, and some key pro-inflammatory targets need GRIP1 for suppression in the M2–like state. Similarly, H3K27ac ChIP and ATAC-seq, which profile active and open chromatin regions respectively, revealed both specific and shared enhancers for these two pathways in the M2-like state. GR recruitment to the genomic binding sites was shown to be strictly GC-specific, whereas GRIP1 is recruited in both signal-specific and combinatorial manner. It is plausible that GRIP1 facilitates the binding of GR and KLF4 to the shared enhancers, thus leading to overlapping changes in gene expression. At the cellular level, GC- and particularly IL4-polarized GRIP1-cKO BMDMs exhibit reduced phagocytosis, an M2-characteristic activity, compared to the WT. Furthermore, in vivo, in the acute inflammatory setting of DSS-induced colitis, GRIP1-cKO mice exhibit greater colonic inflammation and tissue destruction, and fail to up-regulate M2 genes to the same degree as the WT. GRIP1 is therefore a crucial regulator of macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory state. The specific contribution of GRIP1 to the shared transcriptional phenotype is currently being assessed.
2024-09-03 | GSE247223 | GEO
Project description:Macrophage polarization is implicated in acute and chronic inflammatory settings, and central to diseases such as obesity, atherosclerosis and cancer. However, the transcription programs driving macrophage polarization are only partially known. Macrophage phenotypes exist on a spectrum, with anti-inflammatory (M2-like) and pro-inflammatory (M1-like) states viewed as polar opposite and relatively stable phenotype. The main driver of the M2-like program in response to IL4 is the Krüppel-like factor 4(KLF4), which uses transcriptional coregulator GRIP1 as a co-activator. Coincidentally, glucocorticoid hormone (GC)-activated GC receptor (GR) also induces the M2-like state, and GRIP1 is a well-known co-factor of GR. We are investigating if GRIP1 facilitates transcriptional and phenotypic convergence of the M2-like state via the GR and KLF4-regulated pathways. Using RNA-seq on bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from WT and GRIP1-cKO mice, we have shown that GR and KLF4-regulated pathways share common and distinct transcriptomes. A lot of the key M2 genes are GRIP1-dependent, and some key pro-inflammatory targets need GRIP1 for suppression in the M2–like state. Similarly, H3K27ac ChIP and ATAC-seq, which profile active and open chromatin regions respectively, revealed both specific and shared enhancers for these two pathways in the M2-like state. GR recruitment to the genomic binding sites was shown to be strictly GC-specific, whereas GRIP1 is recruited in both signal-specific and combinatorial manner. It is plausible that GRIP1 facilitates the binding of GR and KLF4 to the shared enhancers, thus leading to overlapping changes in gene expression. At the cellular level, GC- and particularly IL4-polarized GRIP1-cKO BMDMs exhibit reduced phagocytosis, an M2-characteristic activity, compared to the WT. Furthermore, in vivo, in the acute inflammatory setting of DSS-induced colitis, GRIP1-cKO mice exhibit greater colonic inflammation and tissue destruction, and fail to up-regulate M2 genes to the same degree as the WT. GRIP1 is therefore a crucial regulator of macrophage polarization to the anti-inflammatory state. The specific contribution of GRIP1 to the shared transcriptional phenotype is currently being assessed.
2024-09-03 | GSE247447 | GEO
Project description:Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and the leading cause of lasting neurological disabilities in young adults. Increasing evidence suggests that early treatment prevents the development of disability. However, there have been no reliable serum markers to assist the early diagnosis. In addition, interferon (IFN)-β, which is the major treatment for MS, is not always effective. Therefore, the development of simple serological test to help the early diagnosis and predict responsiveness to IFN-β is of clinical importance. On the other hand, a transmembrane-type semaphorin, Sema4A, has been implicated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by regulating helper T (Th) cell differentiation. Thus, we aimed to identify the implications of Sema4A in diagnosis and pathogenesis of MS. Methods: We assayed serum Sema4A in 59 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 22 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and 126 patients with other neurological diseases (OND) by developing a sandwich ELISA. To identify a source of soluble Sema4A and characteristics of MS patients with high levels of Sema4A, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MS patients and healthy controls by flow cytometry (FACS) and gene chip analysis. The effect of Sema4A was examined in vitro and in vivo using an EAE model. Findings: Sema4A was significantly increased in sera of patients with MS and CIS compared to controls. Sema4A expression was increased on the surface of DCs in MS patients and shed from these cells in a metalloproteinase-dependent manner, affecting the Th17skewing. In addition, patients with high Sema4A levels exhibited more severe disabilities, and IFN-β treatment was not beneficial to those patients. Interpretation: Measuring Sema4A is a practical laboratory test to help diagnose MS and to predict responsiveness to IFN-β therapy. Microarray analysis showed that metalloproteinases such as ADAM 10 and MMPs 1, 3, 9, 12 and 25, which are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of MS, were increased in PBMCs from MS patients with high Sema4A levels compared to those with low Sema4A and healthy controls. However, ADAM 17 and MMP 2 and 7 did not correlate with Sema4A levels. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that Sema4A, abundantly expressed on monocytes and DCs in MS patients, is enzymatically cleaved and shed in a portion of the patients, which contributes to the high soluble Sema4A detected by the ELISA. Multiple sclerosis patients were classified according to Serum Sema4A levels. RNA from peripheral blood from 4 healthy controls, 3 MS patients with high serum Sema4A levels and 3 MS patients with low serum Sema4A levels was extracted and hybridized on Affymetrix microarrays. We sought to see whether there is corrlated genes with serum Sema4A levels or not, especially for genes for varions proteases.
2011-06-01 | E-GEOD-26484 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and the leading cause of lasting neurological disabilities in young adults. Increasing evidence suggests that early treatment prevents the development of disability. However, there have been no reliable serum markers to assist the early diagnosis. In addition, interferon (IFN)-β, which is the major treatment for MS, is not always effective. Therefore, the development of simple serological test to help the early diagnosis and predict responsiveness to IFN-β is of clinical importance. On the other hand, a transmembrane-type semaphorin, Sema4A, has been implicated in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) by regulating helper T (Th) cell differentiation. Thus, we aimed to identify the implications of Sema4A in diagnosis and pathogenesis of MS. Methods: We assayed serum Sema4A in 59 patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), 22 patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and 126 patients with other neurological diseases (OND) by developing a sandwich ELISA. To identify a source of soluble Sema4A and characteristics of MS patients with high levels of Sema4A, we analyzed peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from MS patients and healthy controls by flow cytometry (FACS) and gene chip analysis. The effect of Sema4A was examined in vitro and in vivo using an EAE model. Findings: Sema4A was significantly increased in sera of patients with MS and CIS compared to controls. Sema4A expression was increased on the surface of DCs in MS patients and shed from these cells in a metalloproteinase-dependent manner, affecting the Th17skewing. In addition, patients with high Sema4A levels exhibited more severe disabilities, and IFN-β treatment was not beneficial to those patients. Interpretation: Measuring Sema4A is a practical laboratory test to help diagnose MS and to predict responsiveness to IFN-β therapy. Microarray analysis showed that metalloproteinases such as ADAM 10 and MMPs 1, 3, 9, 12 and 25, which are reported to be involved in the pathogenesis of MS, were increased in PBMCs from MS patients with high Sema4A levels compared to those with low Sema4A and healthy controls. However, ADAM 17 and MMP 2 and 7 did not correlate with Sema4A levels. Taken together, these findings strongly suggest that Sema4A, abundantly expressed on monocytes and DCs in MS patients, is enzymatically cleaved and shed in a portion of the patients, which contributes to the high soluble Sema4A detected by the ELISA.
2011-06-01 | GSE26484 | GEO
Project description:We aimed to identify specific biomarkers of IFN-beta bioactivity in order to compare their gene expression induction by type I IFNs with the MxA, and to investigate their potential role in MS pathogenesis. Gene expression microarrays were performed in PBMC from MS patients who developed neutralizing antibodies (NAB) to IFN-beta. Nine genes followed patterns in gene expression over time similar to the MX1 and were selected for further experiments: IFI6, IFI27, IFI44L, IFIT1, HERC5, LY6E, RSAD2, SIGLEC1, and USP18. In vitro experiments revealed specific induction of selected biomarkers by IFN-beta but not IFN-gamma, and several markers, in particular USP18 and HERC5, were significantly induced at lower IFN-beta concentrations and more selective than the MX1 as biomarkers of IFN-beta bioactivity. In addition, USP18 expression was deficient in MS patients compared with healthy controls (p=0.0004). We propose specific biomarkers that may be considered in addition to the MxA to evaluate IFN-beta bioactivity, and to further explore their implication in MS pathogenesis. Number of samples: 32. We analyzed PBMC from 8 patients at baseline and after 3, 12 and 24 months of IFN-beta treatment
2010-12-18 | E-GEOD-26104 | biostudies-arrayexpress