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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE144904 | GEO | 2020/11/10

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after global DNA methylation editing.

Project description:Chromatin properties are regulated by complex networks of epigenome modifications. Currently, it is unclear how these modifications interact and if they control downstream effects such as gene expression. We employed promiscuous chromatin binding of a zinc finger fused catalytic domain of DNMT3A to introduce DNA methylation in HEK293 cells at many CpG islands (CGIs) and systematically investigated the dynamics of the introduced DNA methylation and the consequent changes of the epigenome network. We observed efficient methylation at thousands of CGIs, but it was unstable at about 90% of them, highlighting the power of genome-wide molecular processes that protect CGIs against DNA methylation. Partially stable methylation was observed at about 1000 CGIs, which showed enrichment in H3K27me3. Globally, the introduced DNA methylation strongly correlated with a decrease in gene expression indicating a direct effect. Similarly, global but transient reductions in H3K4me3 and H3K27ac were observed after DNA methylation but no changes were found for H3K9me3 and H3K36me3. Our data provide a global and time-resolved view on the network of epigenome modifications, their connections with DNA methylation and the responses triggered by artificial DNA methylation revealing a direct repressive effect of DNA methylation in CGIs on H3K4me3, histone acetylation, and gene expression.

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [MBD-seq]

Project description:The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of DNA methylation, the dynamics of different histone modifications and the changes in expression after genome-wide introduction of DNA methylation in promotor CpG islands. Therefore, the catalytic domain of DNMT3A was fused to a zinc finger protein and expressed for three days to globally introduce de novo DNA methylation and subsequently, the changes in the epigenome were monitored for up to eleven days.

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [ChIP-Seq]

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing

Project description:Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [MBD-seq]

Project description:Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [MBD-seq]

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [ChIP-Seq]

Project description:Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [ChIP-Seq]

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Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [RNA-seq]

Project description:Genome-wide investigation of the dynamic changes of epigenome modifications after DNA methylation editing [RNA-seq]

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Dynamic changes in histone modifications precede de novo DNA methylation in oocytes.

Project description:Erasure and subsequent reinstatement of DNA methylation in the germline, especially at imprinted CpG islands (CGIs), is crucial to embryogenesis in mammals. The mechanisms underlying DNA methylation establishment remain poorly understood, but a number of post-translational modifications of histones are implicated in antagonizing or recruiting the de novo DNA methylation complex. In mouse oogenesis, DNA methylation establishment occurs on a largely unmethylated genome and in nondividing cells, making it a highly informative model for examining how histone modifications can shape the DNA methylome. Using a chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and genome-wide sequencing (ChIP-seq) protocol optimized for low cell numbers and novel techniques for isolating primary and growing oocytes, profiles were generated for histone modifications implicated in promoting or inhibiting DNA methylation. CGIs destined for DNA methylation show reduced protective H3K4 dimethylation (H3K4me2) and trimethylation (H3K4me3) in both primary and growing oocytes, while permissive H3K36me3 increases specifically at these CGIs in growing oocytes. Methylome profiling of oocytes deficient in H3K4 demethylase KDM1A or KDM1B indicated that removal of H3K4 methylation is necessary for proper methylation establishment at CGIs. This work represents the first systematic study performing ChIP-seq in oocytes and shows that histone remodeling in the mammalian oocyte helps direct de novo DNA methylation events.

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Gestational diabetes and maternal obesity are associated with epigenome-wide methylation changes in children.

Project description:Offspring of women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are at increased risk of developing metabolic disease, potentially mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. We recruited 608 GDM and 626 control offspring from the Danish National Birth Cohort, aged between 9 and 16 years. DNA methylation profiles were measured in peripheral blood of 93 GDM offspring and 95 controls using the Illumina HumanMethylation450 BeadChip. Pyrosequencing was performed for validation/replication of putative GDM-associated, differentially methylated CpGs in additional 905 offspring (462 GDM, 444 control offspring). We identified 76 differentially methylated CpGs in GDM offspring compared with controls in the discovery cohort (FDR, P < 0.05). Adjusting for offspring BMI did not affect the association between methylation levels and GDM status for any of the 76 CpGs. Most of these epigenetic changes were due to confounding by maternal prepregnancy BMI; however, 13 methylation changes were independently associated with maternal GDM. Three prepregnancy BMI-associated CpGs (cg00992687 and cg09452568 of ESM1 and cg14328641 of MS4A3) were validated in the replication cohort, while cg09109411 (PDE6A) was found to be associated with GDM status. The identified methylation changes may reflect developmental programming of organ disease mechanisms and/or may serve as disease biomarkers.

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