Dataset Information

An exon DNA element modulates heterochromatin spreading in the master regulator for sexual commitment in malaria parasites

ABSTRACT: Heterochromatin is essential in all eukaryotic systems to maintain genome integrity, long-term gene repression and to help chromosome segregation during mitosis. However, heterochromatin regions must be restricted by boundary elements to avoid its spreading over actively transcribed loci. In Plasmodium falciparum, facultative heterochromatin is important to regulate parasite virulence, antigenic variation and transmission, but the underlying molecular mechanisms that regulate repressive regions remain unknown. To investigate this topic, we chose the ap2-g gene, that forms a strictly delimited heterochromatin island of 10 kb with no adjacent repressive chromatin. Using electrophoretic motility shift assay (EMSA) we identified an ap2-g exon element at the 3? end that shifts in the presence of nuclear extracts. Upon replacement of this region by a gfp gene, we observed a shift in the heterochromatin boundary, resulting in HP1 to spread over ~2 additional kb downstream. We used this DNA element to affinity purify candidate proteins followed by liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The identified complexes are enriched in RNA-binding proteins, pointing to a potential role of RNA in the regulation of the ap2-g heterochromatin 3? boundary. Our results provide insight into the unexplored topic of heterochromatin boundary biology in P. falciparum and identifies a DNA element in the master regulator of sexual commitment that modulates heterochromatin spreading.

ORGANISM(S): Plasmodium falciparum

PROVIDER: GSE145378 | GEO | 2020/02/18

REPOSITORIES: GEO

ACCESS DATA

Dataset's files

Source:

			Action	DRS
		Other

Items per page:

1 - 1 of 1

Similar Datasets

Project description:Transposable elements have the potential to act as controlling elements to influence the expression of genes. The current paradigm suggests that heterochromatic silencing can spread beyond the borders of the transposable element and influence the chromatin state of neighboring low-copy sequences. This would allow transposable elements to condition obligatory or facilitated epialleles and act as controlling elements. The maize genome contains numerous families of class I transposable elements (retrotransposons) that are present in moderate to high copy numbers and many are found in regions near genes which provides an opportunity to test whether the spreading of heterochromatin from retrotransposons is prevalent. We have investigated the extent of heterochromatin spreading into flanking DNA around each family of retrotransposons through profiling of DNA methylation and di-methylation of lysine 9 of histone 3 (H3K9me2) in low-copy regions of the maize genome. The effects of different retrotransposon families on local chromatin are highly variable. Some LTR families exhibit enrichment of heterochromatic marks within 800-1200 base pairs of the insertion site while other families have very little evidence for spreading of heterochromatic marks. The analysis of chromatin state in genotypes that lack specific insertions suggests that the adjacent heterochromatin results from spreading of silencing rather than insertion-site preferences. Genes that are located near elements that exhibit spreading of heterochromatin tend to be expressed at lower levels than other genes. Our findings suggest that a subset of LTR retrotransposon families may act as controlling elements influencing neighboring sequences while the majority of elements have little effect on flanking sequences Transposable elements comprise a substantial portion of many eukaryotic genomes. These mobile fragments of DNA can result in mutations through insertions into genes but may also affect the regulation of genes they insert near. There is evidence that the majority of transposable elements are epigenetically silenced and in some cases this silencing may affect neighboring sequences. However, evolutionary theory would predict that there would be selective pressures for transposable elements to limit their effects on neighboring genes. The maize genome has a complex organization with many genes flanked by retrotransposons. We profiled the spread of heterochromatin from the retrotransposons into nearby low copy sequences for 150 high copy retrotransposon families. While the manymajority of retrotransposons exhibit little to no spreading of heterochromatin there are a small number ofsome retrotransposon families that influence the chromatin state of surrounding regions. The families may represent bad “neighbors” that spread heterochromatin and influence nearby genes. 6 total samples: 3 replicates of B73 H3k9 and 3 replicates of Mo17 H3k9 3 total samples: mop1 mutant, b73.zmet2 (zmet2.m1 mutant in B73 background) and mo17.zmet2 (zmet2.m1 mutant in Mo17 background)

Dataset Information

An exon DNA element modulates heterochromatin spreading in the master regulator for sexual commitment in malaria parasites

Dataset's files

Similar Datasets

OmicsDI is part of the ELIXIR infrastructure

Tweets