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CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE145530 | GEO | 2020/05/05

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions.

Project description:Genome-wide association studies have identified lung disease-associated loci; however, the functions of such loci are not well understood in part because the majority of such loci are located at non-coding regions. Hi-C, ChIP-seq and eQTL data predict potential roles (e.g. enhancer) of such loci; however, they do not elucidate the molecular function. To determine whether these loci function as gene-regulatory regions, CRISPR interference (CRISPRi; CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB) has been recently used. Here, we applied CRISPRi along with Hi-C, ChIP-seq and eQTL to determine the functional roles of loci established as highly associated with asthma, cystic fibrosis (CF), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). Notably, Hi-C, ChIP-seq and eQTL predicted that non-coding regions located at chromosome 19q13 or chromosome 17q21 harboring single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) linked to asthma/CF/COPD and chromosome 11p15 harboring an SNP linked to IPF interact with nearby genes and function as enhancers; however, CRISPRi indicated that the regions with rs1800469, rs2241712, rs12603332 and rs35705950, but not others, regulate the expression of nearby genes (single or multiple genes). These data indicate that CRISPRi is useful to precisely determine the roles of non-coding regions harboring lung disease-associated loci as to whether they function as gene-regulatory regions at a genomic level.

| S-EPMC7252574 | biostudies-literature

CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [RNA-seq]

Project description:RNA-seq was performed to identify genes affected by CRISPRi (dCas9-KRAB) with sgRNA (sgTGFB1_B9D2) targeting a region that contains rs1800469 in an unbiased genome-wide fashion using H441 lung papillary adenocarcinoma cells.

2020-05-05 | GSE145529 | GEO

CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [ChIP-seq]

Project description:ChIP-seq was performed to identify dCas9-KRAB binding sites in the presence of sgRNA (sgTGFB1_B9D2) targeting a region with rs1800469 between TGFB1 and B9D2 in H441 lung papillary adenocarcinoma cells.

2020-05-05 | GSE145528 | GEO

CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions

Project description:CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions

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CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [ChIP-seq]

Project description:CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [ChIP-seq]

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CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [RNA-seq]

Project description:CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of lung disease-associated loci at non-coding regions [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA607515 | ENA

CRISPRi-based genome-scale identification of functional long non-coding RNA loci in human cells

Project description:The human genome produces thousands of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) – transcripts >200 nucleotides long that do not encode proteins. While critical roles in normal biology and disease have been revealed for a subset of lncRNAs, the function of the vast majority remains untested. Here, we developed a CRISPR interference (CRISPRi) platform targeting 16,401 lncRNA loci in 7 diverse cell lines including 6 transformed cell lines and human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). Large-scale screening identified 499 lncRNA loci required for robust cellular growth, of which 89% showed growth modifying function exclusively in one cell type. We further found that lncRNA knockdown can perturb complex transcriptional networks in a cell type-specific manner. These data underscore the functional importance and cell type-specificity of many lncRNAs.

2016-12-01 | GSE85011 | GEO

CRISPRi-mediated functional analysis of NKX2-1-binding sites in the lung.

Project description:The transcription factor NKX2-1/TTF-1 is involved in lung pathophysiology, including breathing, innate defense and tumorigenesis. To understand the mechanism by which NKX2-1 regulates genes involved in such pathophysiology, we have previously performed ChIP-seq and identified genome-wide NKX2-1-binding sites, which revealed that NKX2-1 binds to not only proximal promoter regions but also multiple intra- and inter-genic regions of the genes regulated by NKX2-1. However, the roles of such regions, especially non-proximal ones, bound by NKX2-1 have not yet been determined. Here, using CRISPRi (CRISPR/dCas9-KRAB), we scrutinize the functional roles of 19 regions/sites bound by NKX2-1, which are located in genes involved in breathing and innate defense (SFTPB, LAMP3, SFTPA1, SFTPA2) and lung tumorigenesis (MYBPH, LMO3, CD274/PD-L1). Notably, the CRISPRi approach reveals that a portion of NKX2-1-binding sites are functionally indispensable while the rest are dispensable for the expression of the genes, indicating that functional roles of NKX2-1-binding sites are unequally yoked.

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Exploring functional variant discovery in non-coding regions with SInBaD.

Project description:The thousand genomes project and many similar ongoing large-scale sequencing efforts require new methods to predict functional variants in both coding and non-coding regions in order to understand phenotype and genotype relationships. We report the design of a new model SInBaD (Sequence-Information-Based-Decision-model) which relies on nucleotide conservation information to evaluate any annotated human variant in all known exons, introns, splice junctions and promoter regions. SInBaD builds separate mathematical models for promoters, exons and introns, using the human disease mutations annotated in human gene mutation database as the training dataset for functional variants. The ten-fold cross validation shows high prediction accuracy. Validations on test datasets, demonstrate that variants predicted as functional have a significantly higher occurrence in cancer patients. We also applied our model to variants found in four different individual human genomes to identify a set of functional variants, which might be of interest for further studies. Scores for any possible variants for all annotated genes are available under http://tingchenlab.cmb.usc.edu/sinbad/. SInBaD supports the current standard format of genotyping, the variant call files (VCF 4.0), making it easy to integrate it into any existing next-generation sequencing pipeline. The accuracy of SNP detection poses the only limitation to the use of SInBaD.

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Deciphering the Functional Long Non-Coding RNAs Derived from MicroRNA Loci.

Project description:Albeit the majority of eukaryotic genomes can be pervasively transcribed to a diverse population of lncRNAs and various subtypes of lncRNA are discovered. However, the genome-wide study of miRNA-derived lncRNAs is still lacking. Here, it is reported that over 800 miRNA gene-originated lncRNAs (molncRNAs) are generated from miRNA loci. One of them, molnc-301b from miR-301b and miR-130b, functions as an "RNA decoy" to facilitate dissociation of the chromatin remodeling protein SMARCA5 from chromatin and thereby sequester transcription and mRNA translation. Specifically, molnc-301b attenuates erythropoiesis by mitigating the transcription of erythropoietic and translation-associated genes, such as GATA1 and FOS. In addition, a useful and powerful CRISPR screen platform to characterize the biological functions of molncRNAs at large-scale and single-cell levels is established and 29 functional molncRNAs in hematopoietic cells are identified. Collectively, the focus is on miRNA-derived lncRNAs, deciphering their landscape during normal hematopoiesis, and comprehensively evaluating their potential roles.

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