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Coordinate regulation of glycan degradation and polysaccharide capsule biosynthesis by a prominent human gut symbiont

ABSTRACT: Analysis of B. thetaiotaomicron trans-envelope signaling mutants in ECF-sigma factors, anti-sigma factors and SusC-like transporters.

ORGANISM(S): Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron Bifidobacterium longum

PROVIDER: GSE14592 | GEO | 2009/06/01

SECONDARY ACCESSION(S): PRJNA111713

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Coordinate regulation of glycan degradation and polysaccharide capsule biosynthesis by a prominent human gut symbiont

Project description:Analysis of B. thetaiotaomicron trans-envelope signaling mutants in ECF-sigma factors, anti-sigma factors and SusC-like transporters. B. thetaiotaomicron mutants were transcriptionally profiled after growth in vitro in either minimal medium plus glucose or minimal medium plus neutral O-glycans

2010-05-18 | E-GEOD-14592 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Coordinate regulation of glycan degradation and polysaccharide capsule biosynthesis by a prominent human gut symbiont.

Project description:Bacteria in the distal human gut have evolved diverse abilities to metabolize complex glycans, including the capacity to degrade these compounds as nutrients and to assemble their component sugars into new polymers such as extracellular capsules. The human gut bacterium Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron is well endowed with the ability to metabolize both host- and diet-derived glycans. Its genome contains 88 different polysaccharide utilization loci (PULs) for complex glycan catabolism and eight different gene clusters for capsular polysaccharide biosynthesis. Here, we investigate one of the prominent mechanisms by which this gut symbiont regulates many PULs involved in host mucin O-glycan degradation; namely, transcriptional regulation via the concerted interactions of cell-envelope-localized TonB-dependent transporters, extra-cytoplasmic function sigma factors and anti-sigma factors, which participate together in a regulatory pathway termed trans-envelope signaling. Unexpectedly, we found that several different trans-envelope signaling switches involved in PUL-mediated O-glycan degradation also modulate capsular polysaccharide synthesis. A novel regulatory pathway, which is dependent on expression of O-glycan-targeting outer membrane proteins, governs this coordinated regulation of glycan catabolism and capsule synthesis. This latter finding provides a new link in the dynamic interplay between complex glycan metabolism, microbial physiology, and host responses that occurs during colonization of the gut.

| S-EPMC2709373 | biostudies-literature

Glycan effect on Saccharolytic Human Distal Gut Symbiont, B. thetaiotaomicron

Project description:This SuperSeries is composed of the following subset Series: GSE11944: Mucosal Glycan Foraging Enhances the Fitness and Transmission of a Saccharolytic Human Distal Gut Symbiont GSE11953: Mucosal Glycan Foraging Enhances the Fitness and Transmission of a Saccharolytic Human Distal Gut Symbiont: ECF mutant GSE11962: Growth of B. thetaiotaomicron on purified host mucosal glycans and glycan fragments Refer to individual Series

2008-11-20 | E-GEOD-11980 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Intestine-adapted bacterial symbiont response to polysaccharide rich and polysaccharide deficient diets in mice lacking fucosyltransferase-2

Project description:Analysis of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (BT) from the ceca of ex-germ free Fut2+ or Fut2- mice on polysaccharide rich or glucose rich polysaccharide deficient diet. BT is involved in the breakdown of plant polysaccharides and is also efficiently utilizes host glycans. BT-colonized mice represent a human gut ecosystem model. Results identify genes that may endow flexibility in adapting to dietary changes by mucosal foraging depending on host fucosylation status In vitro transcriptional profiles of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron obtained from ceca of ex-germ free Fut2+ or Fut2- mice on polysaccharide rich or glucose rich polysaccharide deficient diet.

2014-04-21 | E-GEOD-45641 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Intestine-adapted bacterial symbiont response to polysaccharide rich and polysaccharide deficient diets in mice lacking fucosyltransferase-2

2014-04-21 | GSE45641 | GEO

Insights into SusCD-mediated glycan import by a prominent gut symbiont.

Project description:In Bacteroidetes, one of the dominant phyla of the mammalian gut, active uptake of large nutrients across the outer membrane is mediated by SusCD protein complexes via a "pedal bin" transport mechanism. However, many features of SusCD function in glycan uptake remain unclear, including ligand binding, the role of the SusD lid and the size limit for substrate transport. Here we characterise the β2,6 fructo-oligosaccharide (FOS) importing SusCD from Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron (Bt1762-Bt1763) to shed light on SusCD function. Co-crystal structures reveal residues involved in glycan recognition and suggest that the large binding cavity can accommodate several substrate molecules, each up to ~2.5 kDa in size, a finding supported by native mass spectrometry and isothermal titration calorimetry. Mutational studies in vivo provide functional insights into the key structural features of the SusCD apparatus and cryo-EM of the intact dimeric SusCD complex reveals several distinct states of the transporter, directly visualising the dynamics of the pedal bin transport mechanism.

| S-EPMC7782687 | biostudies-literature

Mucosal Glycan Foraging Enhances the Fitness and Transmission of a Saccharolytic Human Distal Gut Symbiont

Project description:Gene expression profiles of Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron in vitro during growth on host mucosal polysaccharides as sole carbon sources. All substrates in this series are derived from porcine gastric mucin and include mucin O-glycans and glycosaminoglycans.

2008-11-21 | GSE11944 | GEO

Regulation of Energy Metabolism by the Extracytoplasmic Function (ECF) σ factors of Arcobacter butzleri

Project description:The extracytoplasmic function (ECF) σ factors are fundamental for bacterial adaptation to distinct environments and for survival under different stress conditions. The emerging pathogen Arcobacter butzleri possesses seven putative pairs of σ/anti-σ factors belonging to the ECF family. Here, we report the identification of the genes regulated by five out of the seven A. butzleri ECF σ factors. Three of the ECF σ factors play an apparent role in transport, energy generation and the maintainance of redox balance. Several genes like the nap, sox and tct genes are regulated by more than one ECF σ factor indicating that the A. butzleri ECF σ factors form a network of overlapping regulons. In contrast to other eubacteria, these A. butzleri ECF regulons appear to primarily regulate responses to changing environments in order to meet metabolic needs instead of an obvious role in stress adaptation.

2011-12-31 | GSE34089 | GEO

A novel extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor regulates virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Project description:Next to the two-component and quorum sensing systems, cell-surface signaling (CSS) has been recently identified as an important regulatory system in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. CSS senses signals from outside the cell and transmits them into the cytoplasm. It consists of a TonB-dependent outer membrane receptor, a cytoplasmic membrane-localized sigma factor regulator (or anti-sigma factor), and an extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factor. Upon perception of the extracellular signal by the receptor the ECF sigma factor is activated and promotes the transcription of a specific set of gene(s). Although most P. aeruginosa ECF sigma factors are involved in the regulation of iron uptake, we have identified a novel ECF sigma factor (PA0675) involved in the regulation of virulence. By microarray analysis of cells overexpressing PA0675 from the pMUM3 plasmid we have identified the genes regulated by this sigma factor.

2009-04-21 | GSE15697 | GEO

Bacillus subtilis 168, WT vs. ΔMWX, WT vs. Δ7ECF, Δ7ECF vs. ΔMWX.

Project description:Bacillus subtilis encodes seven extracytoplasmic function (ECF) sigma factors. Three (sigma M, sigma W and simga X) mediate responses to cell envelope active antibiotics. The functions of sigma Y, sigma Z, sigma V, and YlaC remain largely unknown, and strong inducers of these sigma factors and their regulons have yet to be defined. Here, we define transcriptomic and phenotypic differences under non-stress conditions between strains carrying deletions in all seven ECF sigma factor genes (Δ7ECF), a sigMWX triple mutant (∆MWX), and the parental 168 strain. Our results identify >80 genes as at least partially dependent on ECF sigma factors and, as expected, most of these are dependent on sigma M, sigma W or sigma X which are active at a significant basal level during growth. Several genes, including the eps operon encoding enzymes for exopolysaccharide (EPS) production, were decreased in expression in Δ7ECF but affected little if at all in ΔMWX. Consistent with this observation, Δ7ECF (but not ∆MWX) showed reduced biofilm formation. Extending previous observations, we also note that ∆MWX is sensitive to a variety of antibiotics and Δ7ECF is either as sensitive as, or slightly more sensitive than, the ΔMWX strain to these stressors. These findings emphasize the overlapping nature of the seven ECF s factor regulons in B. subtilis, confirm that three of these (sigma M, W or X) play the dominant role in conferring intrinsic resistance to antibiotics, and provide initial insights into the roles of the remaining ECF sigma factors.

2010-07-21 | GSE22930 | GEO

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