ChIP sequencing for Endothelial cells and Magnesium-based alloy treated Endothelial cells
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE146167 | GEO | 2021/07/08
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Angiogenesis, the process by which endothelial cells (ECs) form new blood vessels from existing ones, is intimately linked to the tissue's metabolic milieu and often occurs at nutrient-deficient sites. However, ECs rely on sufficient metabolic resources to support growth and proliferation. How endothelial nutrient acquisition and usage are regulated is unknown. Here we show that these processes are dictated by YAP/TAZ-TEAD – a transcriptional module whose function is highly responsive to changes in the tissue environment. ECs lacking YAP/TAZ or their transcriptional partners, TEAD1, 2, and 4 fail to divide, resulting in stunted vascular growth in mice. Conversely, activation of TAZ, the more abundant paralogue in ECs, boosts proliferation, leading to vascular hyperplasia. We find that YAP/TAZ promote angiogenesis by fueling nutrient mTORC1 signaling. By orchestrating the transcription of a repertoire of cell-surface transporters, YAP/TAZ-TEAD stimulate the import of amino acids and other essential nutrients, thereby enabling mTORC1 pathway activation. Dissociating mTORC1 from these nutrient inputs – elicited by the loss of Rag GTPases – inhibits mTORC1 activity and prevents YAP/TAZ-dependent vascular growth. These findings define a pivotal role for YAP/TAZ-TEAD in steering endothelial mTORC1 and illustrate the essentiality of coordinated nutrient fluxes in the vasculature.
2022-05-08 | PXD026872 | Pride
Project description:Endothelial cells (ECs) are constantly exposed to mechanical forces in the form of fluid shear stress, extracellular stiffness, and cyclic strain. How mechanical forces are transduced to the nucleus to drive transcriptional reprogramming in ECs is poorly understood. The mechanoresponsive activity of Yes associated protein (YAP) and its role in vascular development are well described, however, whether changes to transcription or epigenetic regulation of YAP are involved in these processes remains unanswered. Our results reveal that mechanical forces sensed at cell-cell junctions by the YAP target gene, Angiomotin-like 2 (AmotL2), are directly intervened into changes in global chromatin accessibility and EZH2 activity leading to modulation of YAP-promotor activity. Functionally, shear stress induced proliferation of ECs in vivo were reliant on AmotL2 and YAP/TAZ endothelial expression. Mechanistically, uncoupling of the nuclear-cytoskeletal connection from junctions and focal adhesions led to altered nuclear morphology, chromatin accessibility and suppression of YAP-promotor activity. Our findings reveal a role for AmotL2 and nuclear-cytoskeletal force transmission in modulating the epigenetic and transcriptional regulation of YAP to maintain a mechanoenforced positive-feedback loop of vascular homeostasis.
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Project description:VEGF induces elongation of endothelial cells (ECs) that are derived from wild-type (Foxo1(+/+)) ES cells. VEGF-induced EC elongation is an important process of angiogenesis. ECs derived from Foxo1(-/-) ES cells fail to elongate in response to VEGF. Gene expression profiling of wild-type and Foxo1(-/-) ECs in the presence or absence of VEGF stimulation identifies responsible genes that regulate EC elongation. One wild-type (Foxo1(+/+)) ES cell clone and one Foxo1(-/-) ES cell clone were used. ES cells were cultured on OP9 stromal cell layer in the presence or absence of VEGF (10 ng/ml). After 6.5 days, VE-cadherin+ CD31+ ECs were isolated by FACS and used for total RNA extraction. Three independent experiments were performed for each condition.
2016-02-16 | E-GEOD-76366 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Although differentiation of mice embryonic stem cells into vascular endothelial cells (ECs) gives a model for investigating molecular mechanisms of vascular development in vivo, temporal dynamics of gene expressions and chromatin modifications have not been studied until now. Here, we interrogated transcriptome and two histone modifications, H3K4me3 and H3K27me3, with a genome-wide scale during ECs differentiation and elucidated epigenetic switch peculiar to ECs. We find Gata2, Fli1, Sox7, and Sox18 are master regulators from genetic and epigenetic data, these genes were induced after Etv2 activation. These genes have specific histone modification pattern which is repressed by H3K27me3 modification at Flk-sorted mesoderm and changed to the bivalent (H3K4me3 and H3K27me3 both positive) state rapidly after vascular endothelial cells growth factor (VEGF) stimuli. Using a previously reported ECs differentiation model, we demonstrate that four transcription factors are critical for ECs specific gene expressions and efficient differentiation. Moreover, from knockdown experiments using si-RNA, we discovered these factors inhibited not only TGFβ signaling pathway, that is endothelial mesenchymal transition pathway, but also other near lineage commitment, including blood cells, skeletal muscle cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, and cardiomyocytes. We further identify each factor specific target genes during ECs differentiation by microarray, including both activating and repressing genes. Together, our findings from a detailed epigenetic approach provide a basic understanding temporal regulated chromatin signatures and resulting gene expression profile during ECs commitment, which is applicable to other models of differentiation and production of mature and long lasting ECs for regenerative medicine. Total 17 samples were derived from [1] ES cells, Flk-sorted mesoderm cells, and in the absense or presence of VEGF (6, 12, 24, and 48h) to determine VEGF activated genes during endothelial cells differentiation, [2] control si-RNA, si-Gata2, si-Fli1, si-Sox7, or si-Sox18 transfected cells under VEGF stimuli, [3] control si-RNA or si-Mix (si-Gata2, si-Fli1, si-Sox7, and si-Sox18) transfected cells under VEGF stimuli for the identification of each transcription factor dependent genes during endothelial cells differentiation.
2016-07-18 | E-GEOD-76964 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Cardiovascular disorders, like atherosclerosis and hypertension, are increasingly known to be associated with vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). In particular, intracranial atherosclerosis is one of the main causes of VCI, although plaque development occurs later in time and is structurally different compared to atherosclerosis in extracranial arteries. Recent data suggest that endothelial cells (ECs) that line the intracranial arteries may exert anti-atherosclerotic effects due to yet unidentified pathways. To gain insights into underlying mechanisms, we isolated post-mortem endothelial cells from both the intracranial basilar artery (BA) and the extracranial common carotid artery (CCA) from the same individual (total of 15 individuals) with laser capture microdissection. RNA sequencing revealed a distinct molecular signature of the two endothelial cell populations of which the most prominent ones were validated by means of qPCR. Our data reveal for the first time that intracranial artery ECs exert an immune quiescent phenotype. Secondly, genes known to be involved in the response of ECs to damage (inflammation, differentiation, adhesion, proliferation, permeability and oxidative stress) are differentially expressed in intracranial ECs compared to extracranial ECs. Finally, Desmoplakin (DSP) and Hop Homeobox (HOPX), two genes expressed at a higher level in intracranial ECs, and Sodium Voltage-Gated Channel Beta Subunit 3 (SCN3B), a gene expressed at a lower level in intracranial ECs compared to extracranial ECs, were shown to be responsive to shear stress and/or hypoxia. With our data we present a set of intracranial-specific endothelial genes that may contribute to its protective phenotype, thereby supporting proper perfusion and consequently may preserve cognitive function. Deciphering the molecular regulation of the vascular bed in the brain may lead to the identification of novel potential intervention strategies to halt vascular associated disorders, such as atherosclerosis and vascular cognitive dysfunction.
| EGAS00001004479 | EGA
Project description:VEGF induces elongation of endothelial cells (ECs) that are derived from wild-type (Foxo1(+/+)) ES cells. VEGF-induced EC elongation is an important process of angiogenesis. ECs derived from Foxo1(-/-) ES cells fail to elongate in response to VEGF. Gene expression profiling of wild-type and Foxo1(-/-) ECs in the presence or absence of VEGF stimulation identifies responsible genes that regulate EC elongation.
2016-02-16 | GSE76366 | GEO
Project description:Uncontrolled Transforming growth factor-beta (TGFβ) signaling promotes aggressive metastatic properties in late-stage breast cancers. However, how TGFβ-mediated cues are directed to induce late-stage tumorigenic events is poorly understood, particularly given that TGFβ has clear tumor suppressing activity in other contexts. Here we demonstrate that the transcriptional regulators TAZ and YAP (TAZ/YAP), key effectors of the Hippo pathway, are necessary to promote and maintain TGFβ-induced tumorigenic phenotypes in breast cancer cells. Interactions between TAZ/YAP, TGFβ-activated SMAD2/3, and TEAD transcription factors reveal convergent roles for these factors in the nucleus. Genome-wide expression analyses indicate that TAZ/YAP, TEADs and TGFβ-induced signals coordinate a specific pro-tumorigenic transcriptional program. Importantly, genes cooperatively regulated by TAZ/YAP, TEAD, and TGFβ, such as the novel targets NEGR1 and UCA1, are necessary for maintaining tumorigenic activity in metastatic breast cancer cells. Nuclear TAZ/YAP also cooperate with TGFβ signaling to promote phenotypic and transcriptional changes in non-tumorigenic cells to overcome TGFβ repressive effects. Our work thus identifies crosstalk between nuclear TAZ/YAP and TGFβ signaling in breast cancer cells, revealing novel insight into late-stage disease-driving mechanisms. Expression profiling was conducted following the repression of the transcriptional regulators TAZ and YAP (TAZ/YAP), the TEAD family of transcription factors (TEAD1/2/3/4), or the TGFb signaling pathway (with SB-431542, an inhibitor of the TBRI recpeptor) in human MDA-MB-231-LM2 breast cancer cells treated with TGFβ1. Human MDA-MB-231-LM2-4 breast cancer cells were transfected with control siRNA, or siRNAs targeting TAZ/YAP or all four TEADs and were treated 24 hours later with 500pM TGFβ1 or 5mM SB-431542 for an additional 24 hours. Total RNA was isolated and twelve microarrays in total were performed, with each condition carried out three times on separate days. The Boston University Microarray Core generated the data using the Affymetrix Human Gene 1.0 St Array.
2014-04-02 | E-GEOD-56445 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:YAP is the principle effector of the Hippo signaling pathway; a key regulator of tissue homeostasis whose dysregulation is linked to cancer development. YAP regulation of gene expression is thought to involve the TEAD transcription factor family. Here we show that YAP and TEAD1 binding always co-occurs and is mediated by single as well as double TEAD1 motifs with a particular 3bp spacer (CATTCCNNNCATTCC). This suggests that YAP activity appears exclusively mediated by TEAD1. Despite being characterized as a promoter-binding factor YAP/TEAD actually binds predominantly to enhancers. Moreover we show that YAP is necessary for activity of the linked gene and proper chromatin state of regulated enhancers. These results establish mode of binding and activation of YAP mediated nuclear response of the Hippo pathway by TEAD1 and provide a comprehensive list and a novel class of direct target genes that are regulated distally and could be exploited for cancer therapeutics. Sequencing of ChIP and input samples for YAP1 and TEAD1 transcription factors and H3K27ac histone modification in SF268 glioblastoma cells and for YAP1 transcription factor in NCI-H2052 mesothelioma cells.
2015-08-25 | E-GEOD-61852 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The breach of proteostasis, leading to the accumulation of protein aggregates, is a hallmark of ageing and age-associated disorders, up to now well-established in neurodegeneration. Few studies have addressed the issue of dysfunctional cell response to protein deposition also for the cardiovascular system. However, the molecular basis of proteostasis decline in vascular cells, as well as its relation to ageing, are not understood. Recent studies have indicated the associations of Nrf2 transcription factor, the critical modulator of cellular stress-response, with ageing and premature senescence. In this report, we outline the significance of protein aggregation in physiological and premature ageing of murine and human endothelial cells (ECs). Our study shows that aged donor-derived and prematurely senescent Nrf2-deficient primary human ECs, but not those overexpressing dominant-negative Nrf2, exhibit increased accumulation of protein aggregates. Such phenotype is also found in the aortas of aged mice and young Nrf2 tKO mice. Ageing-related loss of proteostasis in ECs depends on Keap1, well-known repressor of Nrf2, recently perceived as a key independent regulator of EC function. Ageing-induced deposition of protein aggregates in ECs is associated with impaired autophagy and can be counteracted by Keap1 depletion or rapamycin treatment. Our results show that Keap1:Nrf2 protein balance predominates Nrf2 transcription-dependent mechanisms in governing proteostasis and ageing in ECs.
2020-08-12 | PXD018969 | Pride
Project description:To determine the identities of the proteins co-purified with YAP and find new YAP-interacted transcription factors , we performed 3 times mass spectrometry experiments.
2019-06-27 | PXD006601 | Pride