Expression data from Patient-derived tumor models (PDX) establish from bone metastases and match human breast primary tumor.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE146661 | GEO | 2020/06/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:A significant proportion of patients with oestrogen receptor (ER) positive breast cancers (BC) develop resistance to endocrine treatments (ET) and relapse with metastatic disease. Bone is the most common metastatic site in ER+ patients, however bone metastases are technically challenging to biopsy and analyse. Difficulties concern both tumour tissue acquisition and techniques for analysis and RNA extractions. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) of BC bone metastases have not been reported yet. For the first time we established PDX models from bone metastatic biopsies of patients progressing on ET and treated by vertebroplasty. PDX models were analysed at genomic level to identify new therapeutic targets associated with endocrine resistance in the metastatic setting. Identification of chromosomic alterations in bone metastasis derived PDX.
2020-06-29 | GSE149038 | GEO
Project description:Resistance to endocrine treatments and CDK4/6 inhibitors is considered a near-inevitability in most patients with estrogen receptor positive breast cancers (ER + BC). By genomic and metabolomics analyses of patients' tumours, metastasis-derived patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and isogenic cell lines we demonstrate that a fraction of metastatic ER + BC is highly reliant on oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS). Treatment by the OXPHOS inhibitor IACS-010759 strongly inhibits tumour growth in multiple endocrine and palbociclib resistant PDX. Mutations in the PIK3CA/AKT1 genes are significantly associated with response to IACS-010759. At the metabolic level, in vivo response to IACS-010759 is associated with decreased levels of metabolites of the glutathione, glycogen and pentose phosphate pathways in treated tumours. In vitro, endocrine and palbociclib resistant cells show increased OXPHOS dependency and increased ROS levels upon IACS-010759 treatment. Finally, in ER + BC patients, high expression of OXPHOS associated genes predict poor prognosis. In conclusion, these results identify OXPHOS as a promising target for treatment resistant ER + BC patients.
2023-06-27 | MTBLS3342 | MetaboLights
Project description:A significant proportion of patients with ER positive breast cancers (BC) develop resistance to endocrine treatments (ET) and relapse with metastatic disease. Bone is the most common metastatic site in ER+ patients, however bone metastases are technically challenging to biopsy and analyse. Difficulties concern both tumour tissue acquisition and techniques for analysis and RNA extractions. Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) of BC bone metastases have not been reported yet. For the first time we established PDX models from bone metastatic biopsies of patients progressing on ET and treated by vertebroplasty. PDX models were analysed at genomiclevel and compared to patient’s early primary tumours to identify new therapeutic targets associated with endocrine resistance in the metastatic setting.
| EGAS00001004268 | EGA
Project description:One of the greatest advances in therapy of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer has been the development of endocrine therapy. More than two thirds of primary breast tumors express estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and their growth is mainly dependent on estrogen receptor activity. Several therapeutic approaches have thus been designed to inhibit ER activity in breast tissue. Tamoxifen, a selective ER modulator, is one of the main treatment options for premenopausal women with advanced ER positive breast cancer, and has also become well established as adjuvant therapy in the early breast cancer setting (Davies et al., 2011; Group, 1998; Jaiyesimi et al., 1995). In contrast to tamoxifen, which in other tissues such as bone and endometrium, can exert partial agonistic activity (Braithwaite et al., 2003; Fisher et al., 1994; Pietras, 2006), the selective ER downregulator, fulvestrant, is a potent ER antagonist. Binding of fulvestrant to ER inhibits receptor dimerization and nuclear uptake, prevents estrogen-response element binding and accelerates ER degradation (Dauvois et al., 1993; Dowsett et al., 2005; Fawell et al., 1990; Wakeling et al., 1991). Fulvestrant is approved for treatment of postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer who have relapsed or progressed on first-line endocrine therapy (Howell et al., 2002; Osborne et al., 2002; Robertson et al., 2003). Estrogen deprivation by treatment with aromatase inhibitors (such as letrozole, anastrozole or exemestane) which block synthesis of estrogens is another effective therapy option in postmenopausal women (Bonneterre et al., 2000; Cuzick et al., 2010; Dowsett et al., 2010; Mouridsen et al., 2001; Nabholtz et al., 2000). The large majority of patients with ER+ breast cancer experience an initial response to endocrine therapy, however, in many of these patients, the disease subsequently progresses and eventually anti-estrogen therapy ceases to have effect. Biomarkers predicting response to estrogen deprivation and new alternative treatments targeting the pathways supporting estrogen independent growth are therefore urgently needed (Patani and Martin, 2014; Patani et al., 2013). In order to understand how tumors respond to withdrawal of their main growth signal, a comparison of molecular features of tumor before and during endocrine therapy is necessary, and the fate of individual cancer cell sub-clones should be monitored. Since studies of cellular dynamics are very difficult to perform with clinical material, we made use of a patient derived, estrogen dependent, orthotopically growing luminal-like primary breast cancer xenograft model (PDX) (Bergamaschi et al., 2009; Huuse et al., 2012). This PDX model is a representative model for luminal breast cancers as the molecular characteristics, cellular heterogeneity and estrogen dependency of the primary tumor are retained over many passages. Functionally different subpopulations of cancer cells were previously defined by expression of the markers CD24 and SSEA-4 in this model (Skrbo et al., 2014), and it is therefore a suitable model for comparison of cellular and molecular effects of estrogen deprivation and ER-signaling inhibition. In this study, a quantitative MS-based proteomic analysis using SILAC and a label-free approach were performed, aiming to map changes in protein expression induced by endocrine therapy. Inhibition of ER-signaling seemed to induce CD24 and SSEA-4 expression on residual tumor cells. Proteomic analysis revealed overexpression of enzymes involved in TCA cycle, oxidative phosphorylation and fatty acid beta-oxidation following endocrine treatment when compared to untreated tumors. These results indicated possible reprogramming of cell metabolism and utilization of aerobic respiration, i.e. oxidative phosphorylation, in response to endocrine therapy.
2022-02-28 | PXD002352 | Pride
Project description:Estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) metastatic tumors contribute to nearly 70% of breast cancer-related deaths. Most patients with ER+ metastatic breast cancer (MBC) undergo treatment with the estrogen receptor agonist fulvestrant (Fulv) as standard of care. Yet, among such patients, metastasis in liver is associated with reduced overall survival compared to other metastasis sites. The factors underlying the reduced responsiveness of liver metastases to ER agonists remain unknown, impeding the development of more effective treatment approaches to improve outcomes for patients with ER+ liver metastases. We therefore evaluated site-specific changes in MBC cells and determined the mechanisms through which the liver metastatic niche specifically influences ER+ tumor metabolism and drug resistance. We characterized ER activity of MBC cells both in vitro, using a novel system of tissue-specific extracellular matrix hydrogels representing the stroma of ER+ tumor metastatic sites (liver, bone), and in vivo, in liver and lung metastasis mouse models. ER+ metastatic liver tumors and MBC cells grown in liver hydrogels displayed upregulated expression of glucose metabolism enzymes in response to Fulv. Furthermore, differential ERαERα activity, but not expression, was detected in liver hydrogels. In vivo, increased glucose metabolism led to increased glycogen deposition in liver metastatic tumors, while a fasting-mimicking diet increased efficacy of Fulv treatment to reduce the metastatic burden. Our findings identify a novel mechanism of endocrine resistance driven by the liver tumor microenvironment. These results may guide the development of dietary strategies to circumvent drug resistance in liver metastasis, with potential applicability in other metastatic diseases.
2022-06-15 | GSE184156 | GEO
Project description:Aberrant activation of the forkhead protein FOXA1 is observed in advanced hormone-related cancers. However, to date, key mediators of high FOXA1 signaling remain elusive. We demonstrate that ectopic high FOXA1 (H-FOXA1) expression promotes estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC) metastasis in a xenograft mouse model. Mechanistically, H-FOXA1 reprograms ER-chromatin binding to elicit a core gene signature (CGS) highly enriched in ER+ endocrine-resistant (EndoR) cells. We identified Secretome14, a CGS subset encoding ER-dependent cancer secretory proteins, strongly predicts poor outcomes of ER+ BC and is elevated in ER+ metastases vs. primary tumors, irrespective to the ESR1 mutations. Parental (P) ER+ BC cells and their endocrine-resistant (EndoR) derivatives, and ER+ BC cells expressing doxycycline (Dox)-inducible ectopic FOXA1 were used in this study. Differential gene expression analysis was performed in EndoR vs. P cells and P cells +Dox vs. -Dox. We found that the FOXA1-CGS was highly enriched in the altered transcriptomes of two ER+ BC cell models (ZR75-1 and T47D) expressing ectopic H-FOXA1. The enriched hallmark gene sets, shared by the H-FOXA1 cell models, include “inflammatory response”, “complement”, and “interferon gamma response” for the H-FOXA1-induced, and “estrogen response early” and “estrogen response late” for the H-FOXA1-repressed genes. These findings point to the common transcriptional profile exhibiting an immune- over estrogen-responsive signature induced by H-FOXA1. In addition, we found that both the tamoxifen-resistant (TamR) and estrogen deprivation-resistant (EDR) derivatives of the 600MPE P cells were enriched for the H-FOXA1-induced CGS and FOXA1/ER-activated Secretome14. Our findings uncover H-FOXA1-induced ER reprogramming driving EndoR and metastasis, possibly via a H-FOXA1/ER-dependent secretome that warrants further studies to clarify its involvement in disease progression of ER+ metastatic BC.
2023-05-21 | GSE175401 | GEO
Project description:Metastases of breast cancer is a prevalent problem with over 25% of patients suffering with metastatic disease. Of the patients that present with metastatic disease, the majority are estrogen receptor positive (ER+) and have skeletal metastases. These skeletal metastases can cause several issues including pathological fractures, chronic pain, and hypercalcemia. Currently, there are not any cures for metastatic breast cancer in bone and only therapies to mediate the osteolysis caused by breast cancer. The bone microenvironment presents various physical forces that can act on the tumor cell that has been studied in ER- cells, however, the physical forces on ER+ tumor cells have not been widely evaluated. In this study, we explored the transcriptional changes that occur at different matrix rigidities associated with the bone microenvironment (bone marrow: 0.5 kPa to 32 kPa; cortical and trabecular bone – 2 x 107 kPa). We observed that lower stiffnesses contributed to increased gene signatures associated with interleukin signaling. Additionally, we observed that downstream estrogen signaling outputs were modified. These interesting findings give us insights on what may be changing when ER+ tumor cells encounter rigidities associated with the bone microenvironment.
2024-09-09 | GSE274519 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: Resistance to endocrine therapy (ET) and CDK4/6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) is a clinical challenge in estrogen receptor (ER) positive (ER+) breast cancer (BC). Cyclin-dependent kinase 7 (CDK7) is a candidate target in endocrine resistant ER+ BC models and selective CDK7 inhibitors (CDK7i) are in clinical development for the treatment of ER+ BC. Nonetheless, the precise mechanisms responsible for the activity of CDK7i in ER+ BC remain elusive. Herein, we sought to unravel these mechanisms. Experimental Design: We conducted multi-omic analyses in ER+ BC models in vitro and in vivo including models with different genetic backgrounds. We also performed genome wide CRISPR knock-out library screens to identify potential therapeutic vulnerabilities in CDK4/6i resistance models. Results: We found that the on-target anti-tumor effects of CDK7 inhibition in ER+ BC are in part p53 dependent, involve cell-cycle inhibition and suppression of c-Myc. Moreover, CDK7 inhibition exhibited cytotoxic effects, distinctive from the cytostatic nature of ETs and CDK4/6i. CDK7 inhibition resulted in suppression of ER phosphorylation at S118, however, long-term CDK7 inhibition resulted in increased ER signaling, supporting the combination of ET with a CDK7i. Lastly, genome wide CRISPR/Cas9 screens identified CDK7 and MYC signaling as putative vulnerabilities in CDK4/6i resistance, and CDK7 inhibition effectively inhibited CDK4/6i resistant models. Conclusions: Taken together, these findings support the clinical investigation of selective CDK7 inhibition combined with ET to overcome treatment resistance in ER+ BC. In addition, our study highlights the potential of increased c-Myc activity and intact p53 as predictors for sensitivity to CDK7 inhibitor-based treatments.
2024-02-12 | GSE230362 | GEO
Project description:For many breast cancer (BCa) patients, symptomatic bone metastases appear after years or even decades of latency. How metastatic cells disseminate, and how micrometastatic lesions remain dormant and undetectable, are major questions in cancer research. Here we identify and functionally analyse a molecular mechanism involved in the bone metastatic latency of estrogen receptor (ER)+ BCa.
2017-11-15 | GSE92298 | GEO
Project description:For many breast cancer (BCa) patients, symptomatic bone metastases appear after years or even decades of latency. How metastatic cells disseminate, and how micrometastatic lesions remain dormant and undetectable, are major questions in cancer research. Here we identify and functionally analyse a molecular mechanism involved in the bone metastatic latency of estrogen receptor (ER)+ BCa.
2017-11-15 | GSE92477 | GEO