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EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

ABSTRACT: Loss-of-function mutations of EZH2, the enzymatic component of PRC2, have been associated with poor outcome and chemotherapy resistance in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Using isogenic T-ALL cells, with and without CRISPR/Cas9-induced EZH2-inactivating mutations, we performed a cell-based synthetic lethal drug screen. EZH2 deficient cells exhibited increased sensitivity to structurally diverse inhibitors of CHK1, an interaction that could be validated genetically. Furthermore, small molecule inhibition of CHK1 had efficacy in delaying tumor progression in isogenic EZH2 deficient, but not EZH2 wild-type T-ALL cells in vivo, as well as in a primary cell model of PRC2 mutant ALL. Mechanistically, EZH2 deficiency resulted in a gene expression signature of immature T-ALL cells, marked transcriptional upregulation of MYCN, increased replication stress, and enhanced dependency on CHK1 for cell survival. Lastly, we demonstrate this phenotype is mediated through de-repression of a distal PRC2-regulated MYCN enhancer. In conclusion, we highlight a novel and clinically exploitable pathway in high-risk EZH2 mutated T-ALL.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE147198 | GEO | 2020/05/31

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

Project description:Loss-of-function mutations of EZH2, the enzymatic component of PRC2, are recurrently found in T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) and have been associated with chemotherapy resistance and poor outcome. Using isogenic T-ALL cells, with and without CRISPR-induced EZH2-inactivating mutations, we performed a cell-based synthetic lethal drug screen. EZH2 deficient cells exhibited increased sensitivity to structurally diverse CHK1 inhibitors, an interaction that could be validated genetically. Notably, EZH2 deficient cells acquired a gene expression signature of immature T-ALL cells, with significant enrichment of MYC target genes. Mechanistically, EZH2 deficiency was associated with marked transcriptional upregulation of MYCN, increased replication stress, and enhanced dependency on CHK1 for cell survival. Furthermore, small molecule inhibition of CHK1 had efficacy in delaying tumor progression in isogenic EZH2 deficient, but not EZH2 wild-type T-ALL cells in vivo, suggesting there is an exploitable therapeutic window for CHK1 inhibitors in high risk EZH2 mutated T-ALL.

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Calreticulin mutated hematopoietic cells are vulnerable to ATR-CHK1 pathway inhibition

Project description:Disease frameshift mutations of calreticulin (CALR) are the second most prevalent driver mutations in essential thrombocythemia (ET) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). To identify potential targeted therapies for CALR mutated myeloproliferative neoplasms, we aimed to search for small molecule drugs that selectively inhibit the growth of CALR mutated cells using high-throughput drug screening. We investigated 89,172 compounds using isogenic cell lines and identified several hits targeting the ATR-CHK1 pathway. The selective inhibitory effect of these candidate compounds was validated in a co-culture assay of CALR mutated and wild type cells. Of the tested hit compounds, CHK1 inhibitors potently depleted CALR mutated cells, allowing CALR wild type cell dominance in the co-culture over time. Neither CALR deficient cells nor JAK2V617F mutated cells showed hypersensitivity to the drug treatment, suggesting that the vulnerability to ATR-CHK1 inhibition is specifically caused by the oncogenic activation by the mutant CALR. CHK1 inhibitors induced replication stress in CALR mutated cells revealed by elevated pan-nuclear staining for γH2AX and hyperphosphorylation of RPA2. They also promoted S-phase cell cycle arrest and blocked the completion of DNA replication in CALR mutated cells. Transcriptomic and phosphoproteomic analyses revealed a replication stress signature caused by the oncogenic CALR mutation, suggesting an intrinsic vulnerability of these cells to CHK1 perturbation. This study indicates that ATR-CHK1 pathway is a potential therapeutic target in CALR mutated hematopoietic cells.

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EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

Project description:EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

| PRJNA524626 | ENA

EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

Project description:EZH2 deficient T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia is sensitized to CHK1 inhibition through enhanced replication stress

| PRJNA613316 | ENA

Targeting EZH2 in MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma [ChIP-seq]

Project description:Purpose: Identify new targets in MYCN-amplified Neuroblastoma Methods: ChIP-Seq experiments were performed on Kelly and LAN-1 neuroblastoma cells by using the following antibodies: anti-EZH2 (Cell Signaling 5246S); anti-H3K27me3 (Millipore 07-449); anti-H3K4me3 (Abcam ab8580). We evaluated the global EZH2 PRC2-dependence by identifiying direct genome-wide target genes for EZH2, H3K27me3 and H3K4me3. Results: We found that EZH2 serves a PRC2-dependent function in neuroblastoma, repressing neuronal differentiation. Moreover, EZH2-regulated genes were strongly repressed in MYCN-amplified and high-risk primary tumors. Conclusion: Our study supports testing EZH2 inhibitors in patients with MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.

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Mis-splicing of mitotic regulators sensitizes SF3B1-mutated human HSCs to CHK1 inhibition [scRNA-seq]

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EZH2 gain-of-function mutations distort H3K27me3 landscapes and transform transcriptional responses to PRC2 inhibition [ChIP-Seq/Cut&Run-Seq]

Project description:We have modelled several tumor-associated PRC2 mutations in a single isogenic system in order to reveal their comparative impacts on chromatin and transcription. We have also explored the link between EZH2 mutational status and abnormal H3K27 methylation in a unique longitudinal cohort of follicular lymphoma (FL) patient samples.

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Expression data from Tet2-hypomorph (knockdown) and/or Ezh2-null Lineage-Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells and granulocyte-macrophage progenitors (GMPs)

Project description:PcG proteins form the polycomb repressive complexes (PRC) 1 and 2, functioning as transcriptional repressors through histone modifications. They have been implicated in the maintenance of self-renewing somatic and cancer stem cells. PcG genes have been characterized as tumor suppressor genes as exemplified by somatic inactivating mutations of EZH2, a gene encoding histone methyltransferase in PRC2, in myeloid malignancy. Mice deficient for Tet2 have been reported to recapitulate some aspects of myeloid malignancies. We evaluated the Ezh2-deficient mice and also tested the impact of concurrent depletion of Ezh2 and Tet2 on hematopoiesis. Purified LSK cells and GMPs from BM of recipient mice repopulated with wild-type, Tet2KD/KD, Ezh2-/- and Tet2KD/KDEzh2-/- fetal liver cells were subjected to RNA extraction and hybridization on Agilent microarrays.

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