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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Schizosaccharomyces pombe Saccharomyces cerevisiae

PROVIDER: GSE148307 | GEO | 2023/07/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width [S. pombe]

Project description:Mitotic chromosomes in different organisms adopt various dimensions. What defines chromosome dimensions is scarcely understood. Here, we compare budding and fission yeasts that harbor similarly sized genomes distributed amongst 16 or 3 chromosomes, respectively. Budding yeast chromosomes are thinner and characterized by shorter mitotic chromatin interactions. This remains the case even following chromosome fusions to form three fission-yeast-length entities, revealing a species-specific organizing principle that correlates with condensin binding site spacing. Unexpectedly, within each species, longer chromosome arms are always thicker, a trend also observed with human chromosomes. Arm length as a chromosome width determinant informs mitotic chromosome formation models.

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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width [S. cerevisiae]

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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width

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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width [S. pombe]

Project description:Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width [S. pombe]

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Chromosome arm length, and a species-specific determinant, define chromosome arm width [S. cerevisiae]

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Chromosome 9 arm-specific telomere length and breast cancer risk.

Project description:Telomere dysfunction is involved in the development of breast cancer and very short telomeres are frequent genetic alterations in breast tumors. However, the influence of telomere lengths of specific chromosomal arms on the breast cancer risk is unknown.We conducted a case-control study of breast cancer to examine the associations of the telomere length on chromosome 9 short arms (9p) and long arms (9q) with risk of breast cancer. Chromosome 9 arm-specific telomere lengths were measured by quantitative fluorescent in situ hybridization using cultured blood lymphocytes.Telomere length on chromosome 9p was significantly shorter in breast cancer patients than in control subjects (P < 0.001). Using the 50th percentile value in controls as a cut point, women who have short 9p telomeres had an increased risk of breast cancer [adjusted odds ratio (OR) = 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5-4.3]. When the 9p telomere length was divided into quartiles, a significant inverse dose-response relationship between 9p telomere length and breast cancer risk was observed (P(trend) < 0.001), with a quartile ORs of 3.0 (95% CI = 1.2-7.5), 3.9 (95% CI = 1.6-9.5) and 6.6 (95% CI = 2.8-15.9) for third, second and first quartile, respectively, when compared with women in the fourth quartile.Short telomere length on chromosome 9p is strongly associated with the risk of breast cancer. If confirmed by future studies, chromosome 9p telomere length has the potential to be incorporated into the current prediction models to significantly enhance breast cancer risk prediction.

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