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KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Homo sapiens

PROVIDER: GSE149539 | GEO | 2021/10/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma.

Project description:The H3K27me2/me3 histone demethylase KDM6B is essential to neuroblastoma cell survival. However, the mechanism of KDM6B action remains poorly defined. We demonstrate that inhibition of KDM6B activity 1) reduces the chromatin accessibility of E2F target genes and MYCN, 2) selectively leads to an increase of H3K27me3 but a decrease of the enhancer mark H3K4me1 at the CTCF and BORIS binding sites, which may, consequently, disrupt the long-range chromatin interaction of MYCN and E2F target genes, and 3) phenocopies the transcriptome induced by the specific CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Overexpression of CDK4/6 or Rb1 knockout confers neuroblastoma cell resistance to both palbociclib and the KDM6 inhibitor GSK-J4. These data indicate that KDM6B promotes an oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway in neuroblastoma cells via H3K27me3-dependent enhancer-promoter interactions, providing a rationale to target KDM6B for high-risk neuroblastoma.

| S-EPMC8664842 | biostudies-literature

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [CUT&TAG]

Project description:The H3K27me2/me3 histone demethylase KDM6B is over-expressed in neuroblastoma and is essential to neuroblastoma cell survival. While the KDM6B inhibitor, GSK-J4, has shown activity in in vitro and in vivo preclinical models, the mechanism of action remains poorly defined. We demonstrate that genetic and pharmacologic inhibition of KDM6B downregulates the pRB-E2F transcriptome and MYCN expression. Chemical genetic analyses show that high expression of the E2F transcriptome is positively correlated with sensitivity of cancer cells to GSK-J4. Mechanistically, inhibition of KDM6B activity 1) reduces the chromatin accessibility of E2F target genes and MYCN, 2) selectively leads to an increase of H3K27me3 but a decrease of the enhancer mark H3K4me1 at the CTCF and BORIS binding sites, which may, consequently, disrupt the long-range chromatin interaction of MYCN and E2F target genes, and 3) phenocopies the transcriptome induced by the specific CDK4/6 inhibitor palbociclib. Overexpression of CDK4/6 or Rb1 knockout confers neuroblastoma cell resistance to both palbociclib and GSK-J4. A gene signature targeted by KDM6B inhibition is associated with poor survival of patients with neuroblastoma regardless of the MYCN status. These data indicate that KDM6B activity promotes an oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway in neuroblastoma cells via H3K27me3-dependent enhancer-promoter interactions, providing a rationale to target KDM6B for high-risk neuroblastoma.

2021-10-29 | GSE182884 | GEO

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [RNA-seq]

2021-10-29 | GSE149537 | GEO

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [ATAC-Seq]

2021-10-29 | GSE149519 | GEO

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma

Project description:KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma

| PRJNA628997 | ENA

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [CUT&TAG]

Project description:KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [CUT&TAG]

| PRJNA758115 | ENA

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [ATAC-Seq]

Project description:KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [ATAC-Seq]

| PRJNA628968 | ENA

KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [RNA-seq]

Project description:KDM6B promotes activation of the oncogenic CDK4/6-pRB-E2F pathway by maintaining enhancer activity in MYCN-amplified neuroblastoma [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA628998 | ENA

EP300 Selectively Controls the Enhancer Landscape of MYCN-Amplified Neuroblastoma.

Project description:Gene expression is regulated by promoters and enhancers marked by histone H3 lysine 27 acetylation (H3K27ac), which is established by the paralogous histone acetyltransferases (HAT) EP300 and CBP. These enzymes display overlapping regulatory roles in untransformed cells, but less characterized roles in cancer cells. We demonstrate that the majority of high-risk pediatric neuroblastoma (NB) depends on EP300, whereas CBP has a limited role. EP300 controls enhancer acetylation by interacting with TFAP2β, a transcription factor member of the lineage-defining transcriptional core regulatory circuitry (CRC) in NB. To disrupt EP300, we developed a proteolysis-targeting chimera (PROTAC) compound termed "JQAD1" that selectively targets EP300 for degradation. JQAD1 treatment causes loss of H3K27ac at CRC enhancers and rapid NB apoptosis, with limited toxicity to untransformed cells where CBP may compensate. Furthermore, JQAD1 activity is critically determined by cereblon (CRBN) expression across NB cells.SignificanceEP300, but not CBP, controls oncogenic CRC-driven transcription in high-risk NB by binding TFAP2β. We developed JQAD1, a CRBN-dependent PROTAC degrader with preferential activity against EP300 and demonstrated its activity in NB. JQAD1 has limited toxicity to untransformed cells and is effective in vivo in a CRBN-dependent manner. This article is highlighted in the In This Issue feature, p. 587.

| S-EPMC8904277 | biostudies-literature

Phosphorylation of pRb: mechanism for RB pathway inactivation in MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma.

Project description:A small, but unique subgroup of retinoblastoma has been identified with no detectable mutation in the retinoblastoma gene (RB1) and with high levels of MYCN gene amplification. This manuscript investigated alternate pathways of inactivating pRb, the encoded protein in these tumors. We analyzed the mutation status of the RB1 gene and MYCN copy number in a series of 245 unilateral retinoblastomas, and the phosphorylation status of pRb in a subset of five tumors using immunohistochemistry. There were 203 tumors with two mutations in RB1 (RB1-/- , 83%), 29 with one (RB1+/- , 12%) and 13 with no detectable mutations (RB1+/+ , 5%). Eighteen tumors carried MYCN amplification between 29 and 110 copies: 12 had two (RB1-/- ) or one RB1 (RB1+/- ) mutations, while six had no mutations (RB1+/+ ). Immunohistochemical staining of tumor sections with antibodies against pRb and phosphorylated Rb (ppRb) displayed high levels of pRb and ppRb in both RB1+/+ and RB1+/- tumors with MYCN amplification compared to no expression of these proteins in a classic RB1-/- , MYCN-low tumor. These results establish that high MYCN amplification can be present in retinoblastoma with or without coding sequence mutations in the RB1 gene. The functional state of pRb is inferred to be inactive due to phosphorylation of pRb in the MYCN-amplified retinoblastoma without coding sequence mutations. This makes inactivation of RB1 by gene mutation or its protein product, pRb, by protein phosphorylation, a necessary condition for initiating retinoblastoma tumorigenesis, independent of MYCN amplification.

| S-EPMC5345671 | biostudies-literature

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