Recombinant RANKL causes modulation of inflammatory signaling pathways in C2C12 myotubes
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE149606 | GEO | 2022/03/30
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:Recent evidence has shown a crucial role for the osteoprotegerin/receptor activator of nuclear factor κ-B ligand/RANK (OPG/RANKL/RANK) signaling axis not only in bone but also in muscle tissue; however, there is still a lack of understanding of its effects on muscle atrophy. Here, we found that denervated Opg knockout mice displayed better functional recovery and delayed muscle atrophy, especially in a specific type IIB fiber. Moreover, OPG deficiency promoted milder activation of the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway, which further verified the protective role of Opg knockout in denervated muscle damage. Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing indicated that Opg knockout upregulated the expression of Inpp5k, Rbm3, and Tet2 and downregulated that of Deptor in denervated muscle. In vitro experiments revealed that satellite cells derived from Opg knockout mice displayed a better differentiation ability than those acquired from wild-type littermates. Higher expression levels of Tet2 were also observed in satellite cells derived from Opg knockout mice, which provided a mechanistic basis for the protective effects of Opg knockout on muscle atrophy. Taken together, our findings uncover the novel role of Opg in muscle atrophy process and extend the current understanding in the OPG/RANKL/RANK signaling axis.
2023-05-01 | GSE220152 | GEO
Project description:To identify the microRNAs that are involved in osteoclastogenesis, microRNA expression profiles in mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) stimulated with RANKL (BMOc) were compared with that of control untreated BMMs. These results provide insights into the mechanisms to regulate osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activities in osteoclasts by microRNA. BMMs were cultured with 20 ng/ml M-CSF in the presence or absence of 50 ng/ml RANKL for 24 hours. Cells were collected for total RNA isolation, and were subjected to microRNA array analysis.
2013-07-10 | E-GEOD-48629 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Purpose: Among the diverse cytokines involved in osteoclast differentiation, IL-3 has been shown to inhibit RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. However, the mechanism underlying IL-3-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation is not fully understood. In the present study, we demonstrate that IL-3 activation of STAT5 inhibits RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through the induction of Id genes. Methods: To investigate the effect of STAT5 on osteoclast differentiation and IL-3-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation, bone marrow derived macrophages isolated from STAT5 wild-type (Stat5fl/fl) or STAT5 cKO (STAT5;MX1-Cre) were differentiated to osteoclast in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL with or without IL-3; and bone marrow derived macrophges from STAT5 wild-type and STAT5 cKO were overexpressed with PMX-FIG (control) or STAT5A1*6 (constitutively active form of STAT5A) and differentiated to osteoclast. To analyze bone phenotype, femurs and tibiae of 16 week-old STAT5 wild-type and STAT5 cKO were subjected to micro CT analysis and histomorphometry, respectively. Results: Overexpression of STAT5 inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis. However, RANKL did not regulate either expression or activation of STAT5 during osteoclast differentiation. STAT5 deficiency prevented IL-3-mediated inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, suggesting that STAT5 plays an important role in IL-3-mediated inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. In addition, IL-3-induced STAT5 activation upregulated expression of the Id1 and Id2 genes, which are negative regulators of osteoclastogenesis. Overexpression of ID1 or ID2 in STAT5-deficient cells reversed osteoclast development recovered from IL-3-mediated inhibition. Moreover, micro-computed tomography and histomorphometric analysis revealed that STAT5 conditional knockout mice showed reduced bone mass, with an increased number of osteoclasts. Furthermore, IL-3 inhibited RANKL-induced osteoclast differentiation less effectively in STAT5 conditional knockout mice than in wild-type mice in a RANKL injection model. Conclusion: Taken together, our results suggest that STAT5 is a key transcription factor for IL-3-mediated inhibition of RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through Id gene expression. Examination of 4 different combination of osteoclast differentiation condition of bone marrow derived macrophages.
2016-08-03 | E-GEOD-76988 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. In the lung metastasis, monocyte-derived macrophages (Mo-macs) exhibit a complex function. However, tumor cells how to derive lung metastasis through Mo-macs remains unclear. Here we show that a tumor-secreted protein osteoprotegerin (OPG) contributes to the lung metastasis of cancer depends on the Mo-macs by an in vivo screening. OPG binds with RANKL to block the signaling between RANKL-RANK on Mo-macs. RANKL-RANK signals induce Mo-macs to secrete CXCL10, recruiting NK cells to control the lung metastasis. Increased expression of OPG in the metastases is regulated by TGF-β. Consistent with our findings, enrichment of OPG amplifications was observed in metastatic cancer patients, and increased expression of OPG was also shown in the lung metastatic sites compared with the paired primary breast cancer samples. Overall, our findings reveal a mechanism of how tumor cells promote lung metastasis via inhibiting the function of Mo-macs.
2024-12-16 | GSE259293 | GEO
Project description:Metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. In the lung metastasis, monocyte-derived macrophages (Mo-macs) exhibit a complex function. However, tumor cells how to derive lung metastasis through Mo-macs remains unclear. Here we show that a tumor-secreted protein osteoprotegerin (OPG) contributes to the lung metastasis of cancer depends on the Mo-macs by an in vivo screening. OPG binds with RANKL to block the signaling between RANKL-RANK on Mo-macs. RANKL-RANK signals induce Mo-macs to secrete CXCL10, recruiting NK cells to control the lung metastasis. Increased expression of OPG in the metastases is regulated by TGF-β. Consistent with our findings, enrichment of OPG amplifications was observed in metastatic cancer patients, and increased expression of OPG was also shown in the lung metastatic sites compared with the paired primary breast cancer samples. Overall, our findings reveal a mechanism of how tumor cells promote lung metastasis via inhibiting the function of Mo-macs.
2024-12-16 | GSE260469 | GEO
Project description:Testicular germ cells tumors (TGCTs) have a high sensitivity to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and a high cure rate, although with possible serious adverse effects. In the search for tumor suppressive drugs, the RANKL inhibitor Denosumab, used to treat osteoporosis came up as a candidate since RANKL signaling was recently identified in the testis. RANKL signals through the receptor RANK and this signaling is antagonized by the decoy receptor OPG. Here, we demonstrate expression of RANKL, RANK, and OPG in germ cell neoplasia in situ (GCNIS), TGCTs, and TGCT-derived cell lines. RANKL inhibition reduced proliferation of seminoma-derived TCam-2 cells but had no effect on embryonal carcinoma-derived NTera2 cells in vitro. Denosumab did not potentiate the effect of cisplatin treatment in vitro but inhibition of RANKL in vivo resulted in reduced tumor growth in a TCam-2 but not a NTera2 xenograft model. Moreover, Denosumab treatment decreased proliferation in human testicular GCNIS tissue culture in vitro. In TGCT patients, serum RANKL was not linked with tumor burden, relapse, or other prognostic markers. In conclusion, this study shows that the RANKL signaling system is expressed in GCNIS and seminoma where RANKL inhibition suppress tumor growth in vitro and in vivo. Future studies are needed to determine whether RANKL is important for the malignant transformation and the transition from GCNIS to invasive tumors.
2022-04-19 | GSE197389 | GEO
Project description:To screen for altered gene expression during osteoclastogenesis, BMM cells treated with RANKL or RANKL+LE were subjected to gene expression profiling.
2020-09-23 | GSE152479 | GEO
Project description:To identify the microRNAs that are involved in osteoclastogenesis, microRNA expression profiles in mouse bone marrow macrophages (BMMs) stimulated with RANKL (BMOc) were compared with that of control untreated BMMs. These results provide insights into the mechanisms to regulate osteoclastogenesis and bone resorption activities in osteoclasts by microRNA.
2013-07-10 | GSE48629 | GEO
Project description:To screen for altered gene expression during osteoclastogenesis, RANKL-treated BMM cells were subjected to gene expression profiling. BMM cells were treated with M-CSF and RANKL for 0, 1, 2 and 3 days. Total RNA was isolated and analyzed by gene expression microarray using the MouseRef-8 v2.0 Expression BeadChip.
2014-07-30 | E-GEOD-57468 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Under physiological conditions, osteoclasts (OCs) are generated from monocytic osteoprecursors under the stimulation of RANKL and M-CSF, requiring co-stimulatory signals from Fc receptor common γ chain (FcRγ) or DNAX-activated protein 12. It has been proposed that immune complexes (ICs) directly potentiate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis by triggering FcγR-coupled Fcγ receptors (FcγRs), thereby linking IC accumulation and pathological osteolysis under various disease conditions. However, whether ICs possess pro-osteoclastogenic potential independent of RANKL is unknown. Here we demonstrate that IgG ICs alone can drive the differentiation of human blood monocytes into nonclassical OCs (NOCs) phenotypically and functionally distinguishable from RANKL-induced classical OCs (COCs). This novel noncanonical osteoclastogenesis pathway is triggered by full crosslinking of human FcγRIIa (hFcγRIIa), or co-ligation of hFcγRIIa and TLR4, and signals through the Src family kinase-STAT5 axis without inducing the expression of NFATc1, a master transcription factor for the previously described osteoclastogenesis pathways. Surprisingly, IgG ICs strongly overrule the generation of COCs driven by RANKL in vitro. More importantly, TRAP+ OCs found in the inflammatory joint tissues of hFcγRIIa-transgenic mice with collagen-induced arthritis bear the NFATc1- phenotype. Our results unmask the “double faces” of IgG ICs in health and disease, and suggest a novel and important pathway for ICs contributing to pathological bone erosion in inflammatory arthritis.
2019-08-15 | GSE135821 | GEO