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Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE149636 | GEO | 2020/06/29

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (scRNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Tumors are complex ecosystems, in which malignant and non-malignant cells engage in continuous interactions. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant non-malignant cells in the majority of carcinomas. The wide range of activities that CAFs perform suggests a dynamic and heterogeneous composition, yet tumor infiltrating CAF subpopulations remain poorly characterized. Here we used single-cell RNA sequencing, index sorting and bulk RNA sequencing to map CAFs at various stages of tumor progression and metastasis.

2020-06-29 | GSE149635 | GEO

Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (bulk RNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Tumors are complex ecosystems, in which malignant and non-malignant cells engage in continuous interactions. Cancer associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are the most abundant non-malignant cells in the majority of carcinomas. The wide range of activities that CAFs perform suggests a dynamic and heterogeneous composition, yet tumor infiltrating CAF subpopulations remain poorly characterized. Here we used single cell RNA sequencing and index sorting to map CAFs at various stages of tumor progression and metastasis.

2020-06-29 | GSE149634 | GEO

Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression

Project description:Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression

| PRJNA629488 | ENA

Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (scRNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (scRNA-seq dataset)

| PRJNA629492 | ENA

Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (bulk RNA-seq dataset)

Project description:Single cell mapping of breast tumor stroma reveals dynamically evolving compositions of cancer-associated fibroblasts along tumor progression (bulk RNA-seq dataset)

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The evolving relationship of wound healing and tumor stroma.

Project description:The stroma in solid tumors contains a variety of cellular phenotypes and signaling pathways associated with wound healing, leading to the concept that a tumor behaves as a wound that does not heal. Similarities between tumors and healing wounds include fibroblast recruitment and activation, extracellular matrix (ECM) component deposition, infiltration of immune cells, neovascularization, and cellular lineage plasticity. However, unlike a wound that heals, the edges of a tumor are constantly expanding. Cell migration occurs both inward and outward as the tumor proliferates and invades adjacent tissues, often disregarding organ boundaries. The focus of our review is cancer associated fibroblast (CAF) cellular heterogeneity and plasticity and the acellular matrix components that accompany these cells. We explore how similarities and differences between healing wounds and tumor stroma continue to evolve as research progresses, shedding light on possible therapeutic targets that can result in innovative stromal-based treatments for cancer.

| S-EPMC6237224 | biostudies-other

In Vivo Detection of Circulating Cancer-Associated Fibroblasts in Breast Tumor Mouse Xenograft: Impact of Tumor Stroma and Chemotherapy.

Project description:Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are important drivers in the tumor microenvironment and facilitate the growth and survival of tumor cells, as well as metastasis formation. They may travel together with tumor cells to support their survival and aid in the formation of a metastatic niche. In this study, we aimed to study circulating CAFs (cCAFs) and circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in a preclinical breast tumor model in mice in order to understand the effect of chemotherapy on cCAFs and CTC formation. Tumors with MDA-MB-231 human breast tumor cells with/without primary human mammary fibroblasts (representing CAFs) were coinjected in SCID mice to develop tumors. We found that the tumors with CAFs grew faster than tumors without CAFs. To study the effect of the stroma on CTCs and cCAFs, we isolated cells using microsieve filtration technology and established ITGA5 as a new cCAF biomarker, which showed good agreement with the CAF markers FAP and α-SMA. We found that ITGA5+ cCAFs shed in the blood of mice bearing stroma-rich coinjection-based tumors, while there was no difference in CTC formation. Although treatment with liposomal doxorubicin reduced tumor growth, it increased the numbers of both cCAFs and CTCs in blood. Moreover, cCAFs and CTCs were found to form clusters in the chemotherapy-treated mice. Altogether, these findings indicate that the tumor stroma supports tumor growth and the formation of cCAFs. Furthermore, chemotherapy may exacerbate the formation of cCAFs and CTCs, which may eventually support the formation of a metastasis niche in breast cancer.

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Cancer-associated fibroblasts mediate cancer progression and remodel the tumouroid stroma.

Project description:BackgroundCancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are highly differentiated and heterogeneous cancer-stromal cells that promote tumour growth, angiogenesis and matrix remodelling.MethodsWe utilised an adapted version of a previously developed 3D in vitro model of colorectal cancer, composed of a cancer mass and the surrounding stromal compartment. We compared cancer invasion with an acellular stromal surround, a "healthy" or normal cellular stroma and a cancerous stroma. For the cancerous stroma, we incorporated six patient-derived CAF samples to study their differential effects on cancer growth, vascular network formation and remodelling.ResultsCAFs enhanced the distance and surface area of the invasive cancer mass whilst inhibiting vascular-like network formation. These processes correlated with the upregulation of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 (TIMP1) and fibulin-5 (FBLN5). Vascular remodelling of previously formed endothelial structures occurred through the disruption of complex networks, and was associated with the upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGFA) and downregulation in vascular endothelial cadherin (VE-Cadherin).ConclusionsThese results support, within a biomimetic 3D, in vitro framework, the direct role of CAFs in promoting cancer invasion, and their key function in driving vasculogenesis and angiogenesis.

| S-EPMC7524802 | biostudies-literature

CD47 deficiency in tumor stroma promotes tumor progression by enhancing angiogenesis.

Project description:CD47 is a transmembrane protein that functions as a receptor for thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) and a ligand for inhibitory receptor signal-regulatory protein-? (SIRP?). Blocking the interaction between CD47 on tumor cells and SIRP? on macrophages has been shown to induce antitumor responses. Here we investigated the role of CD47 expression in tumor stroma in tumorigenesis by comparing tumor growth in wild-type (WT) and CD47-deficient mice after subcutaneous injection of syngeneic prostate cancer cells. We found that CD47 deficiency in tumor stromal endothelial cells enhances angiogenesis, leading to suppressed tumor necrosis formation and accelerated tumor progression. Tumors from CD47-deficient mice also showed improved vascular integrity and stability, as well as increased expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-A and VEGF receptor 2 (VEGFR2) compared to those from WT mice. Moreover, reduced macrophage recruitment, likely due to decreased TSP1 production, was detected in tumors from CD47-deficient mice. Our results indicate that although treatment with antibody against CD47 induces antitumor immune responses by blocking the inhibitory CD47-SIRP? signaling, this treatment may also potentially promote tumor progression by blocking CD47 signaling in tumor stromal endothelial cells.

| S-EPMC5410232 | biostudies-other

Low Tumor-to-Stroma Ratio Reflects Protective Role of Stroma against Prostate Cancer Progression.

Project description:Tumor-to-stroma ratio (TSR) is a prognostic factor that expresses the relative amounts of tumor and intratumoral stroma. In this study, its clinical and molecular relevance was evaluated in prostate cancer (PCa). The feasibility of automated quantification was tested in digital scans of tissue microarrays containing 128 primary tumors from 72 PCa patients stained immunohistochemically for epithelial cell adhesion molecule (EpCAM), followed by validation in a cohort of 310 primary tumors from 209 PCa patients. In order to investigate the gene expression differences between tumors with low and high TSR, we applied multigene expression analysis (nCounter® PanCancer Progression Panel, NanoString) of 42 tissue samples. TSR scores were categorized into low (<1 TSR) and high (≥1 TSR). In the pilot cohort, 31 patients (43.1%) were categorized as low and 41 (56.9%) as high TSR score, whereas 48 (23.0%) patients from the validation cohort were classified as low TSR and 161 (77.0%) as high. In both cohorts, high TSR appeared to indicate the shorter time to biochemical recurrence in PCa patients (Log-rank test, p = 0.04 and p = 0.01 for the pilot and validation cohort, respectively). Additionally, in the multivariate analysis of the validation cohort, TSR predicted BR independent of other factors, i.e., pT, pN, and age (p = 0.04, HR 2.75, 95%CI 1.07-7.03). Our data revealed that tumors categorized into low and high TSR score show differential expression of various genes; the genes upregulated in tumors with low TSR score were mostly associated with extracellular matrix and cell adhesion regulation. Taken together, this study shows that high stroma content can play a protective role in PCa. Automatic EpCAM-based quantification of TSR might improve prognostication in personalized medicine for PCa.

| S-EPMC8622253 | biostudies-literature

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