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Transcriptomic and epigenetic analysis of neonatal supporting cells during Notch inhibition-induced transdifferentiation

ABSTRACT: Latent regeneration potential has been found in neonatal supporting cells in the organ of Corti in mouse. Upon Notch inhibition by DAPT, postnatal day 1 (P1) supporting cells transdifferentiate into hair cells. To profile the transcriptomic and epigenetic changes in supporting cells during transdifferentiation, we FACS purified supporting cells from DAPT treated cochleae for RNAseq, ATACseq and H3K27ac CUT&RUN. We found that hair cell genes were up-regulated in supporting cells after DAPT treatment and that hair cell gene induction was accompanied by epigentic activation of hair cell gene cis-regulatory elements through chromatin accessibility increase and H3K27ac accumulation, suggesting the regulatory roles of epigenetic activation of hair cell gene elements for hair cell gene expression induction.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE150002 | GEO | 2021/07/09

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Epigenetic analysis of perinatal maturation of supporting cells in the organ of Corti

Project description:Sensory hair cells cannot be regenerated through transdifferentiation of neighboring supporting cells in the organ of Corti in mature mammalian animals, but limited regeneration capacity exists in supporting cells at neonatal stage in mouse and this transdifferentiation potential is rapidly lost during the first week of postnatal maturtion. We hypothesized that epigenetic decommissioning of hair cell gene enhancers in supporting cells during postnatal maturation leads the permanent silencing of hair cell genes and the loss of transdifferentiation potential. To test this hypothesis, we FACS purified hair cells and supporting cells from cochleae at different developmental stages for transcritomic analysis (RNAseq), chromatin accessibility assay (ATACseq) and histone modification profiling (ChIPseq or CUT&RUN). We first defined hair cell genes and predicted their potential active enhancers. We found that hair cell gene promoters and enhancers were kept in a primed-but-silenced status (H3K4me1/3+, low H3K27ac but high H3K27me3) in supporting cells at neonatal stage. During postnatal maturation, hair cell gene enhancers are decommissioned through H3K4me1 removal, leading to the permanent silencing of hair cells genes. We also found that hair cell gene enhancer decommissioning process correlated with the base-to-apex wave of transdifferentiation potential loss. In addition, hair cell gene enhancer commissioning status is preserved in mature utricular supporting cells, which can regenerate hair cells through transdifferentiation even at adult stage. Those data together suggest that decommissioning of hair cell gene enhancers in supporting cells during postnatal maturation is the epigenetic mechanism underlying the loss of regeneration capacity in the organ of Corti.

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Expression data from postnatal mouse apical and basal organ of Corti from Dicer1 conditional knockout and littermate control cochleae.

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2012-01-01 | E-GEOD-26822 | biostudies-arrayexpress

Enhancer decommissioning during inner ear maturation imposes an epigenetic barrier to sensory hair cell regeneration

Project description:Latent transdifferentiation potential exists in supporting cells at neonatal stage in the organ of Corti in mouse, but this plasticity is lost rapidly during the first week of postnatal maturation, leading to the failure of sensory hair cell regeneration. To investigate the molecular mechanism underlying the loss of transdifferentiation potential, we compared epigenetic changes in E17.5, P1 and P6 supporting cells. In E17.5 and P1 supporting cells, hair cell gene enhancers are kept in a primed state (H3K4me1+ H3K27ac-) which can be readily activated during transdifferentiation induced by Notch blocking. As supporting cells mature, a substantial amount of hair cell gene enhancers are decommissioned by H3K4me1, leading to the loss of transdifferentiation potential. In contrast, hair cell gene enhancers retain their commissioned epigenetic status in mature utricular supporting cells, sustaining the transidifferentiation potential in utricular supporting cells in mature animals. Our findings reveal the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the failure of sensory hair cell regeneration in mammalian cochlea.

2021-07-09 | GSE150010 | GEO

Expression of Atoh1, Gfi1, and Pou4f3 in the mature cochlea reprograms non-sensory cells into hair cells

Project description:Mechanosensory hair cells of the mature mammalian organ of Corti do not regenerate, and loss of hair cells leads to permanent hearing loss. Although non-mammalian vertebrates are able to regenerate hair cells by the division and transdifferentiation of adjacent supporting cells, many humans with severe hearing loss completely lack hair cells and supporting cells, with the organ of Corti being replaced by a flat epithelium of non-sensory cells To determine if mature non-sensory cells can produce hair cells in vivo, we reprogrammed non-sensory cells of the mature cochlea with three hair cell transcription factors, Gfi1, Atoh1, and Pou4f3. We were able to generate significant numbers of hair cell-like cells in the non-sensory inner and outer sulci of the cochlea after 2 weeks of reprogramming. New hair cells continued to be added to the non-sensory regions of the cochlea over the next seven weeks, and expressed hair cell proteins such as Myosin VIIa, parvalbumin, and prestin and formed stereociliary hair bundles. We confirmed the identity of these cells by high depth single cell RNA-seq. Significantly, cells adjacent to converted hair cells expressed markers of supporting cells, suggesting that transcription factor reprogramming of non-sensory tissue in the adult animal can generate mosaics of sensory cells similar to those seen in the organ of Corti. Generating such sensory mosaics by reprogramming may represent a potential strategy for hearing restoration in humans.

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Inactivity of Stat3 in sensory and non-sensory cells of the mature cochlea

Project description:Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (Stat3) plays a role in various cellular processes such as differentiation, inflammation, cell survival and microtubule dynamics, depending on the cell type and the activated signaling pathway. Stat3 is highly expressed in the hair cells and supporting cells of the cochlea and is essential for the differentiation of mouse hair cells in the early embryonic stage. However, it is unclear how Stat3 contributes to the correct function of cells in the organ of Corti postnatally. To investigate this, an inducible Cre/loxp system was used to knock out Stat3 in either the outer hair cells or the supporting cells. The results showed that the absence of Stat3 in either the outer hair cells or the supporting cells resulted in hearing loss without altering the morphology of the organ of Corti. Molecular analysis of the outer hair cells revealed an inflammatory process with increased cytokine production and upregulation of the NF-kB pathway. However, the absence of Stat3 in the supporting cells resulted in reduced microtubule stability. In conclusion, Stat3 is a critical protein for the sensory epithelium of the cochlea and hearing and functions in a cell and function-specific manner

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Expression data from postnatal mouse apical and basal organ of Corti from Dicer1 conditional knockout and littermate control cochleae.

2012-01-01 | GSE26822 | GEO

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Mapping the regulatory landscape of auditory hair cells from single cell multi-omics data

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2021-03-11 | GSE157398 | GEO

Profiling mouse cochlear cell maturation using 10X Genomics single-cell transcriptomics

Project description:Juvenile and mature mouse cochleae contain various low-abundant, vulnerable sensory epithelial cells embedded in the calcified temporal bone, making it challenging to profile the dynamic transcriptome changes of these cells during maturation at the single-cell level. Here we performed the 10X Genomics single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) of mouse cochleae at postnatal days 14 (P14) and 28. We attained the transcriptomes of multiple cell types, including hair cells, supporting cells, spiral ganglia, stria fibrocytes, and immune cells. Our hair cell datasets are consistent with published transcripts from bulk RNA seq and scRNA-seq. We also mapped known deafness genes to corresponding cochlear cell types. Importantly, pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed that inner hair cells peak their maturation at P14 while outer hair cells continue to develop until P28. We further identified and confirmed a long noncoding RNA gene Miat expressed during maturation in cochlear hair cells and spiral ganglia neurons. Our transcriptomes of juvenile and mature mouse cochlear cells provided the sequel to those previously published at late embryonic and early postnatal ages and will be valuable resources to investigate cochlear maturation at single-cell resolution.

2022-08-19 | GSE202920 | GEO

Utricle Neomycin Timecourse

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