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Setd2 knockout zebrafish is survivable and fertile: differential and developmental-stress-related requirements for Setd2 and histone H3K36 trimethylation in different vertebrate animals

ABSTRACT: Setd2 is the only enzyme that catalyzes histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) on virtually all actively transcribed protein-coding genes, and this mechanism is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to human. Setd2 and H3K36me3 have been revealed to be involved in many important biochemical mechanisms, including DNA repair, alternative mRNA splicing and transcription elongation. However, physiological function of Setd2 in the context of zebrafish development remains elusive. Here we generated zebrafish setd2 mutant lines through disrupting the majority of the protein. And mRNA profiles of wild-type (WT), Setd2(+/-) and Setd2(-/-) zebrafish embryos at 36hpf were generated by deep sequencing, providing an opportunity to uncover molecular programs and functions of Setd2.

ORGANISM(S): Danio rerio

PROVIDER: GSE151238 | GEO | 2020/05/27

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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<i>setd2</i> knockout zebrafish is viable and fertile: differential and developmental stress-related requirements for Setd2 and histone H3K36 trimethylation in different vertebrate animals.

Project description:Setd2 is the only enzyme that catalyzes histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3) on virtually all actively transcribed protein-coding genes, and this mechanism is evolutionarily conserved from yeast to human. Despite this widespread and conserved activity, Setd2 and H3K36me3 are dispensable for normal growth of yeast but are absolutely required for mammalian embryogenesis, such as oocyte maturation and embryonic vasculogenesis in mice, raising a question of how the functional requirements of Setd2 in specific developmental stages have emerged through evolution. Here, we explored this issue by studying the essentiality and function of Setd2 in zebrafish. Surprisingly, the setd2-null zebrafish are viable and fertile. They show Mendelian birth ratio and normal embryogenesis without vascular defect as seen in mice; however, they have a small body size phenotype attributed to insufficient energy metabolism and protein synthesis, which is reversable in a nutrition-dependent manner. Unlike the sterile Setd2-null mice, the setd2-null zebrafish can produce functional sperms and oocytes. Nonetheless, related to the requirement of maternal Setd2 for oocyte maturation in mice, the second generation of setd2-null zebrafish that carry no maternal setd2 show decreased survival rate and a developmental delay at maternal-to-zygotic transition. Taken together, these results indicate that, while the phenotypes of the setd2-null zebrafish and mice are apparently different, they are matched in parallel as the underlying mechanisms are evolutionarily conserved. Thus, the differential requirements of Setd2 may reflect distinct viability thresholds that associate with intrinsic and/or extrinsic stresses experienced by the organism through development, and these epigenetic regulatory mechanisms may serve as a reserved source supporting the evolution of life from simplicity to complexity.

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setd2 knockout zebrafish is survivable and fertile: differential and developmental-stress-related requirements for Setd2 and histone H3K36 trimethylation in different vertebrate animals

Project description:setd2 knockout zebrafish is survivable and fertile: differential and developmental-stress-related requirements for Setd2 and histone H3K36 trimethylation in different vertebrate animals

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Profiling of Histone H3 Trimethylation at Lysine 36 (H3K36me3) in HepG2 cells: SETD2 knockdown and control cells

Project description:SETD2 is the specific methyltransferase of H3K36me3. To obtain SETD2-dependent landscape of H3K36me3 in human genome, we performed ChIP sequencing in SETD2 silenced and control HepG2 cells.

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Profiling of Histone H3 Trimethylation at Lysine 36 (H3K36me3) in mouse embryonic stem cells: Setd2 knockdown and control cells

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H3K36 methyltransferase SETD2 regulates lymphoid and neural development [seq]

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Dynamic histone H3 methylation during gene induction: HYPB/Setd2 mediates all H3K36 trimethylation.

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H3K36 trimethylation mediated by SETD2 regulates the fate of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Project description:During the aging process, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) exhibit declined osteogenesis accompanied by excess adipogenesis, which will lead to osteoporosis. Here, we report that the H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3), catalyzed by histone methyltransferase SET-domain-containing 2 (SETD2), regulates lineage commitment of BMSCs. Deletion of Setd2 in mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (mBMSCs), through conditional Cre expression driven by Prx1 promoter, resulted in bone loss and marrow adiposity. Loss of Setd2 in BMSCs in vitro facilitated differentiation propensity to adipocytes rather than to osteoblasts. Through conjoint analysis of RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) data, we identified a SETD2 functional target gene, Lbp, on which H3K36me3 was enriched, and its expression was affected by Setd2 deficiency. Furthermore, overexpression of lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP) could partially rescue the lack of osteogenesis and enhanced adipogenesis resulting from the absence of Setd2 in BMSCs. Further mechanistic studies demonstrated that the trimethylation level of H3K36 could regulate Lbp transcriptional initiation and elongation. These findings suggest that H3K36me3 mediated by SETD2 could regulate the cell fate of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in vitro and in vivo, indicating that the regulation of H3K36me3 level by targeting SETD2 and/or the administration of downstream LBP may represent a potential therapeutic way for new treatment in metabolic bone diseases, such as osteoporosis.

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SETD2-dependent histone H3K36 trimethylation is required for homologous recombination repair and genome stability.

Project description:Modulating chromatin through histone methylation orchestrates numerous cellular processes. SETD2-dependent trimethylation of histone H3K36 is associated with active transcription. Here, we define a role for H3K36 trimethylation in homologous recombination (HR) repair in human cells. We find that depleting SETD2 generates a mutation signature resembling RAD51 depletion at I-SceI-induced DNA double-strand break (DSB) sites, with significantly increased deletions arising through microhomology-mediated end-joining. We establish a presynaptic role for SETD2 methyltransferase in HR, where it facilitates the recruitment of C-terminal binding protein interacting protein (CtIP) and promotes DSB resection, allowing Replication Protein A (RPA) and RAD51 binding to DNA damage sites. Furthermore, reducing H3K36me3 levels by overexpressing KDM4A/JMJD2A, an oncogene and H3K36me3/2 demethylase, or an H3.3K36M transgene also reduces HR repair events. We propose that error-free HR repair within H3K36me3-decorated transcriptionally active genomic regions promotes cell homeostasis. Moreover, these findings provide insights as to why oncogenic mutations cluster within the H3K36me3 axis.

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Profiling of N6-methyladenosine in mouse embryonic stem cells: Setd2 knockdown and control cells

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Dynamic Reprogramming of DNA Methylation in SETD2-Deregulated Renal Cell Carcinoma

Project description:Clear cell renal cell carcinomas (ccRCCs) harbor frequent mutations in epigenetic modifiers including SETD2, the writer for H3K36me3. We profiles DNA methylation across cell line models of SETD2 inactivation and SETD2 mutated primary tumors as this epigenetic mark is linked to H3K36me3 and is a targetable mark for cancer therapy. SETD2 depleted cell line models (long-term and acute) exhibited a hypermethylation phenotype coinciding with ectopic gains in H3K36me3 centered across intergenic regions adjacent to low expression genes that became upregulated with dysregulation of the epigenome. Poised enhancers of developmental genes demonstrated enrichment for the hypermethylation phenotype. Deregulation of the epigenome observed in the cell line models was recapitulated in SETD2 mutated primary ccRCC, papillary renal cell carcinomas, and lung adenocarcinomas.

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