Anatomical diversity of dermis in homeostasis and wound repair
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT: Skin has distinct characteristics depending on the anatomical site; however, the cell and molecular differences, and their functional implications, have been little described. RNA-sequencing of healthy adult mouse skin from the abdomen, back, and face/cheek has revealed that dermis from different sites is distinct, and that this aligns with their diverse embryonic origins (abdominal dermis develops from lateral plate mesoderm, dorsal dermis from paraxial mesoderm, and cheek dermis from neural crest). The functional implications for wound repair are evident from the differences in extracellular matrix and cell migration observed in tissue and dermal fibroblasts from these sites, and the histological and transcriptional variations during a wound response.
Project description:Preservation of the denatured dermis can facilitate wound repair as well as restore hand function.Denatured dermis can be reversibly recovered after deep partial thermal injury. In this dataset, we include the m6A methylated RNA data obtained from normal skin tissues (C group) and denatured dermis (T group).
Project description:Autologous skin grafting is a standard treatment for skin defects such as burns. No artificial skin substitutes are functionally equivalent to autologous skin grafts. The cultured epidermis lacks the dermis and does not engraft deep wounds. Although reconstituted skin, which consists of cultured epidermal cells on a synthetic dermal substitute, can engraft deep wounds, it requires the wound bed to be well-vascularized and lacks skin appendages. In this study, we successfully generate complete skin grafts with PSC-derived epidermis with appendages on p63 knockout embryos' dermis. Donor PSC-derived keratinocytes encroach the embryos' dermis by eliminating p63 knockout keratinocytes based on cell-extracellular matrix adhesion mediated cell competition. Although the chimeric skin contains allogenic dermis, it is engraftable as long as autologous grafts. Furthermore, we could generate semi-humanized skin segments by human keratinocytes injection into the amnionic cavity of p63 knockout mice embryos. Niche encroachment opens the possibility of human skin graft production in livestock animals.
Project description:It is well accepted that elevated mechanical tension of the skin surrounding a healing wound stimulates a fibrotic cascade of events and contributes to an increased size of scars. A laxity paradox in the field of hair transplantation describes a phenomenon opposing this view. During Strip Follicular Unit Transplantation (Strip FUT), surgeons remove a strip of scalp skin (approximately 5 cm x 10 cm, depending on the number of hair follicles required) from the occipital scalp, which is then used to harvest hair follicles that will be transplanted into the balding frontal scalp. Most patients with normal scalp skin laxity heal with narrow normotrophic scars, while a small number of patients (14%) with very loose scalp skin, and so low residual skin tension, heal with post operating scar widening (4 - 12 mm). These scars, referred to as stretched scars in the hair transplantation field, often require revision surgery or secondary hair grafting into the scar. We hypothesise that stretched scars present a unique transcriptional signature different from other types of scars. To determine the gene expression profile of stretched scars, we used Affymetrix microarrays to perform profiling of fibrotic dermis and the surrounding patient-matched healthy dermis.
Project description:Skin aging is a process of structural and compositional remolding that can be manifested as wrinkling and sagging. Remarkably, the dermis plays a dominant role in the process of skin aging. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a role in the regulation of gene expression in organism aging. However, studies about age-related miRNAs in human skin remain limited. In order to obtain an overall view of miRNAs expression in human aged dermis, we have investigated the alteration of microRNAs during aging by examining biopsies of human dermis from 12 young and aged donors, and demonstrated that numerous microRNAs showed significant alteration in dermis tissue.
Project description:We were interested in defining the gene signature of volar skin. Punch biopsies of skin were split into epidermis and dermis after dispase treatment. We collected RNA from dermis of palms, backs of hand, soles and backs of feet and submitted for Affymetrix Exon arrays. 3 replicates of each site from distinct human donors were included; total of 12 samples analyzed
Project description:Skin aging is a process of structural and compositional remolding that can be manifested as wrinkling and sagging. Remarkably, the dermis plays a dominant role in the process of skin aging. Recent studies suggest that microRNAs (miRNAs) may play a role in the regulation of gene expression in organism aging. However, studies about age-related miRNAs in human skin remain limited. In order to obtain an overall view of miRNAs expression in human aged dermis, we have investigated the alteration of microRNAs during aging by examining biopsies of human dermis from 12 young and aged donors, and demonstrated that numerous microRNAs showed significant alteration in dermis tissue. Normal human dermal tissue from 12 consenting individuals. Old group vs young group. Old group: with the age over 60 years old; young group: with the age below 10 years old; each group was constituted of 6 individuals.
Project description:Skin scarring following dermal injury causes extreme pain and pschological trauma for patients. Currently, we do not have effective treatments to prevent or reverse skin scarring. Fibroblast heterogeneity has been shown within the unwounded mouse dorsal dermis, with fibroblast subpopulations being identified according to anatomical location and embryonic lineage. Using RNA-sequencing and single cell RNA sequencing, we demonstrate that Prrx1-expressing mouse fibroblasts are responsible for acute and chronic scaring in the ventral mouse dermis. In summary, we have identified and characterized a fibroblast subpopulation in the mouse ventral dermis with intrinsic scar-forming potential.
Project description:Interventions: This study aimed to evaluate cosmetic value of primary dermis closure method comparing continuous suture with interrupted suture after colorectal cancer surgery.
Primary outcome(s): After six months of operation, we take a picture of wound scar and measure the size of wound scar blindly. This picture evaluated visual scale by three surgeons and three nurses.
Study Design: Single arm Randomized
Project description:We found dermal Hh activation is sufficient to induce hair follicle neogenesis in wounded skin. We analyzed gene expression profile at single cell level in the dermis of SM22-Tomato (control) and SM22-SmoM2/Tomato (Hh activation in dermis).