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The Histone Methyltransferase Setd2 Modulates Oxidative Stress to Attenuates Colonic Inﬂammation and Tumorigenesis [ChIP-Seq]

ABSTRACT: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and relapsing inflammatory disease, and patients with IBD exhibit a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial barrier disruption is one of the major causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which epigenetic modulations are pivotal elements. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the epithelial barrier integrity regulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated how SETD2, a histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase, maintains intestinal epithelial homeostasis under inflammatory conditions. GEO public database and IBD tissues were used to investigate the clinical relevance of SetD2 in IBD. To define the role of SetD2 in the colitis, we generated mice with epithelial-specific deletion of Setd2 (Setd2Vil-KO mice). Acute colitis was induced by 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and colitis-associated CRC was induced by injecting azoxymethane (AOM), followed by three cycles of 2% DSS treatments. Colon tissues were collected from mice and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. Organoids were generated from Setd2Vil-KO and control mice, and were stained with 7-AAD to detect apoptosis. We isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), performed RNA-seq and H3K36me3 ChIP-seq analysis to uncover the mechanism. Results were validated in functional rescue experiments by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment and transgenes expression in IECs. SETD2 expression was decreased in IBD patients and DSS-treated colitis mice. Setd2Vil-KO mice had abnormal loss of mucosa-producing goblet cells and antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-producing Paneth cells, and promoted early intestinal inflammation development. Consistent with the reduced SETD2 expression in IBD patients, Setd2Vil-KO mice exhibited increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by more severe epithelial barrier disruption. Intestinal permeability was markedly increased in Setd2Vil-KO mice. Setd2 ablation drived inﬂammation-associated CRC. Deletion of Setd2 resulted in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to cellular apoptosis and the defects in barrier integrity. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment in Setd2Vil-KO mice rescued epithelial barrier injury and apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of antioxidase PRDX6 in Setd2Vil-KO IECs largely alleviated the overproductions of ROS and improved the cellular survival. Deficiency of Setd2 specifically in the intestine aggravates epithelial barrier disruption and inflammatory response in colitis via a mechanism dependent on oxidative stress. More importantly, we show that Setd2 depletion results in excess ROS by directly down-regulating PRDX6, an antioxidant protein that inhibit excess ROS. Thus, our results highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which Setd2 mediates oxidative stress to modulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis.

ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus

PROVIDER: GSE151965 | GEO | 2020/09/25

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a complex and relapsing inflammatory disease, and patients with IBD exhibit a higher risk of developing colorectal cancer (CRC). Epithelial barrier disruption is one of the major causes of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in which epigenetic modulations are pivotal elements. However, the epigenetic mechanisms underlying the epithelial barrier integrity regulation remain largely unexplored. Here, we investigated how SETD2, a histone H3K36 trimethyltransferase, maintains intestinal epithelial homeostasis under inflammatory conditions. GEO public database and IBD tissues were used to investigate the clinical relevance of SetD2 in IBD. To define the role of SetD2 in the colitis, we generated mice with epithelial-specific deletion of Setd2 (Setd2Vil-KO mice). Acute colitis was induced by 2% dextran sodium sulfate (DSS), and colitis-associated CRC was induced by injecting azoxymethane (AOM), followed by three cycles of 2% DSS treatments. Colon tissues were collected from mice and analyzed by histology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblots. Organoids were generated from Setd2Vil-KO and control mice, and were stained with 7-AAD to detect apoptosis. We isolated intestinal epithelial cells (IECs), performed RNA-seq and H3K36me3 ChIP-seq analysis to uncover the mechanism. Results were validated in functional rescue experiments by N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment and transgenes expression in IECs. SETD2 expression was decreased in IBD patients and DSS-treated colitis mice. Setd2Vil-KO mice had abnormal loss of mucosa-producing goblet cells and antimicrobial peptide (AMP)-producing Paneth cells, and promoted early intestinal inflammation development. Consistent with the reduced SETD2 expression in IBD patients, Setd2Vil-KO mice exhibited increased susceptibility to DSS-induced colitis, accompanied by more severe epithelial barrier disruption. Intestinal permeability was markedly increased in Setd2Vil-KO mice. Setd2 ablation drived inﬂammation-associated CRC. Deletion of Setd2 resulted in excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), which led to cellular apoptosis and the defects in barrier integrity. N-acetyl-l-cysteine (NAC) treatment in Setd2Vil-KO mice rescued epithelial barrier injury and apoptosis. Moreover, overexpression of antioxidase PRDX6 in Setd2Vil-KO IECs largely alleviated the overproductions of ROS and improved the cellular survival. Deficiency of Setd2 specifically in the intestine aggravates epithelial barrier disruption and inflammatory response in colitis via a mechanism dependent on oxidative stress. More importantly, we show that Setd2 depletion results in excess ROS by directly down-regulating PRDX6, an antioxidant protein that inhibit excess ROS. Thus, our results highlight an epigenetic mechanism by which Setd2 mediates oxidative stress to modulate intestinal epithelial homeostasis.

Project description:To investigate the detailed molecular mechanisms for the regulatory role of HIF-2α in experimental colitis, microarray gene expression analysis was performed on colon RNA isolated from 6- to 8-week-old Hif-2αF/F, Hif-2αlΔIE mice treated with 3%DSS for 3 days. Background & Aims: Hypoxic inflammation is characterized by decreased oxygen tension in inflammatory foci, and is a notable feature in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Hypoxic response is mediated by transcription factors hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α and HIF-2α, both of which are highly induced in IBD. HIF-1α is a protective factor that limits intestinal barrier dysfunction during inflammation. However, the role of HIF-2α has not been assessed in hypoxic inflammation and IBD. Methods: A hypoxia reporter mouse model was used to test the presence of hypoxia and HIF-2α in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and Citrobacter rodentium (C.rod)-induced colitis. The role of HIF-2α in these mouse models of colitis was further assessed in mice with an intestinal epithelium-specific gain- and loss-of-function of HIF-2α. Results: Induction of hypoxia and HIF-2α was confirmed in both murine experimental colitis models and human IBD samples. Disruption of HIF-2α attenuated colonic inflammation whereas stabilization of HIF-2α potentiated inflammation in mouse models of colitis. Interestingly, intestine specific overexpression of HIF-2α but not HIF-1α leads to spontaneous colitis and premature death in mice. Further mechanistic analysis showed that HIF-2α is a driver for pro-inflammatory response and is critical regulator of intestinal epithelial-derived tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. Blocking TNF-α completely ameliorated HIF-2α potentiated intestinal inflammation. Conclusions: These data demonstrate that HIF-2α is a critical transcription factor essential in intestinal epithelium elicited inflammatory response. Global gene expression profiling in colon RNAs isolated from 7-week-old Hif-2αF/F (n=6, Shah 007) and Hif-2αΔIE (n=5, Shah 008).

Project description:Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) acting as negative regulators of gene expression are differentially expressed in intestinal tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Assessing the functional role of miRNAs in murine models of colitis facilitates elucidating the role of specific miRNAs in human IBD. The aim of this study was to determine the miRNA signature of murine models of colitis and to assess the influence of miR-21 on intestinal inflammation. Methods: miRNAs expression was accessed by microarray for acute and chronic murine model of colitis induced by DSS or TNBS. miR-21-deficient mouse and littermates controls were assessed in the standard DSS, TNBS and CD4+ T cell transfer models of colitis. RNAs of mouse colon and CD4+CD45RBHigh cells were analyzed by miRNA and mRNA microarray, and quantitative RT-PCR. Th1 polarization was accessed by flow-cytometry and ELISA. Results: Alterations of in miRNAs expression were identified for acute and chronic DSS colitis and TNBS colitis, receptively. The Expression of miRs-21, -142-3p and -223 was were distinct between DSS and TNBS models while overlap of numerous miRNAs was seen. Importantly, miRs-19b, -192 and -215, that are decreased in IBD, were significantly decreased in all 4 models of colitis. miR-21, which is increased in IBD, was increased in TNBS colitis but not the DSS colitis models. Further assessment of the miR-21-deficient 1-/- mice revealed that the deletion of miR-21 results in the exacerbation of both the TNBS and T cell-transfer models of colitis. Conclusions: miRNAs are differentially expressed in both human IBD and murine colitis, with overlap of several IBD-associated miRNAs. The demonstration that miR-21 deletion exacerbated CD4+ T cell-mediated models of colitis provides further evidence that miRNAs play significant roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. Gene expression profiles were established for normal miR-21-/- mice and wild type c57BL/6 mice (WT). Total of 6 samples with replicates were included in this study.

Project description:Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) acting as negative regulators of gene expression are differentially expressed in intestinal tissues of patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Assessing the functional role of miRNAs in murine models of colitis facilitates elucidating the role of specific miRNAs in human IBD. The aim of this study was to determine the miRNA signature of murine models of colitis and to assess the influence of miR-21 on intestinal inflammation. Methods: miRNAs expression was accessed by microarray for acute and chronic murine model of colitis induced by DSS or TNBS. miR-21-deficient mouse and littermates controls were assessed in the standard DSS, TNBS and CD4+ T cell transfer models of colitis. RNAs of mouse colon and CD4+CD45RBHigh cells were analyzed by miRNA and mRNA microarray, and quantitative RT-PCR. Th1 polarization was accessed by flow-cytometry and ELISA. Results: Alterations of in miRNAs expression were identified for acute and chronic DSS colitis and TNBS colitis, receptively. The Expression of miRs-21, -142-3p and -223 was were distinct between DSS and TNBS models while overlap of numerous miRNAs was seen. Importantly, miRs-19b, -192 and -215, that are decreased in IBD, were significantly decreased in all 4 models of colitis. miR-21, which is increased in IBD, was increased in TNBS colitis but not the DSS colitis models. Further assessment of the miR-21-deficient 1-/- mice revealed that the deletion of miR-21 results in the exacerbation of both the TNBS and T cell-transfer models of colitis. Conclusions: miRNAs are differentially expressed in both human IBD and murine colitis, with overlap of several IBD-associated miRNAs. The demonstration that miR-21 deletion exacerbated CD4+ T cell-mediated models of colitis provides further evidence that miRNAs play significant roles in the pathogenesis of IBD. miRNAs expression was accesed for acute and chronic murine model of colitis induced by DSS or TNBS.Total of 20 samples with duplicates were analyed in this study.

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The Histone Methyltransferase Setd2 Modulates Oxidative Stress to Attenuates Colonic Inﬂammation and Tumorigenesis [ChIP-Seq]

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