Combined Inhibition of Gaq and MEK Enhances Therapeutic Efficacy in Uveal Melanoma.
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus Homo sapiens
PROVIDER: GSE152705 | GEO | 2020/12/31
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:We developed an isogenic melanocytic cellular system and systematically examined the hotspot mutations in GNAQ (e.g., G48V, R183Q, Q209L) and CYSLTR2 (e.g. L129Q) in human uveal melanoma. Biochemical and cell viability assays validated YM-254890 as a potent inhibitor of cell signaling and growth. Human uveal melanoma cells and mouse models recapitulated this finding, indicating that YM is also effective in vivo. Combination of YM and MEK inhibition leads to further decreases in MAPK pathway gene expression and cell viability. Furthermore, our cellular and mouse models show that combination leads to long term signaling inhibition and significant decreases in tumor burden.
2020-12-31 | GSE160112 | GEO
Project description:Cutaneous melanoma (CM) and uveal melanoma (UM) both originate from the melanocytic lineage but are primarily driven by distinct oncogenic drivers, BRAF/NRAS or GNAQ/GNA11 respectively. The melanocytic master transcriptional regulator, MITF, is essential for both CM development and maintenance, but its role in UM is largely unexplored. Here, we use zebrafish models to dissect the key UM oncogenic signaling events, and establish the role of MITF in UM tumors. Remarkably, mitfa deficiency was profoundly UM promoting, dramatically accelerating the onset and progression of tumors induced by Tg(mitfa:GNAQQ209L);tp53M214K/M214K. To further explore the role of MITF in GNAQ-driven tumorigenesis, we performed phospho-proteomics and total proteomics on 5 zebrafish GNAQ Tg(mitfa:GNAQQ209L);tp53M214K/M214K tumors and 5 zebrafish GNAQ Tg(mitfa:GNAQQ209L);tp53M214K/M214K;mitfa-/- tumors.
2023-03-11 | PXD030527 | Pride
Project description:We used microarray to compare global gene expression profiles between 5 GNAQ/11 mutant uveal melanoma cell lines (GNAQ mutant: 92-1, omm1.3, mel270; GNA11 mutant: omm-gn11 and upmd-1) and 5 GNAQ/11 wild type melanoma cell lines(sk-mel-2, mm415, mm485, sk-mel-5 and mum2c). Uveal melanoma is the most common intraocular tumor that mainly metastasizes to the liver in about 50% patients. Over 80% of UMs harbor GNAQ or GNA11 activating mutation. Currently there is no effective treatment available for UM patients. Results provide insights into downstream signaling of oncogenic GNAQ/11 and identification of therapeutic targets in UM.
2017-07-01 | GSE93666 | GEO
Project description:We investigated the effects of HDACi romidepsin and mTORi AZD-8055 in uveal melanoma cell line Mel202. Uveal melanomas harbor mutations in the GNAQ or GNA11 genes that activate survival pathways. As previous studies found that Ras-mutated cell lines were uniquely vulnerable to a combination of inhibitors of Ras-activated survival pathways and the histone-deacetylase inhibitor (HDI) romidepsin, we investigated whether this combination would be effective in models of uveal melanoma. A small-scale screen of inhibitors of bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4, OTX-015), extracellular signal-related kinase (ERK, ulixertinib), mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR, AZD-8055) or phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K, GDC-0941) combined with a clinically-relevant administration of romidepsin was performed on a panel of uveal melanoma cell lines (92-1, Mel202, MP38, and MP41) and apoptosis was quantified by flow cytometry after 48 hr. RNA sequencing analysis was performed on Mel202 cells treated with romidepsin alone, the mTOR inhibitor AZD-8055 or the combination, and protein changes were validated by immunoblot. We found combining AZD-8055 with romidepsin was the most effective combination in inducing apoptosis in the cell lines. Increased caspase-3 and PARP cleavage were noted in the MP41 and Mel202 cell lines when they were treated with romidepsin and mTOR inhibitors. RNA sequence analysis of Mel202 cells revealed that apoptosis was the most affected pathway in the romidepsin/AZD-8055 treated cells. Increases in pro-apoptotic BCL2L11 and decreases in anti-apoptotic BIRC5 and BCL2L1 proteins noted in the sequencing analysis were confirmed at the protein level. Our data suggest that romidepsin in combination with mTOR inhibition could be an effective treatment strategy against uveal melanoma due in part to changes in apoptotic proteins.
2020-12-30 | GSE155452 | GEO
Project description:Cutaneous melanoma (CM) and uveal melanoma (UM) both originate from the melanocytic lineage but are primarily driven by distinct oncogenic drivers, BRAF/NRAS or GNAQ/GNA11 respectively. The melanocytic master transcriptional regulator, MITF, is essential for both CM development and maintenance, but its role in UM is largely unexplored. Here, we use zebrafish models to dissect the key UM oncogenic signaling events, and establish the role of MITF in UM tumors. Using a melanocytic lineage expression system, we showed that patient-derived mutations of GNAQ (GNAQQ209L) or its upstream CYSLTR2 receptor (CYSLTR2L129Q) both drive UM when combined with a cooperating mutation, tp53M214K/M214K. The tumor-initiating potential of the major GNAQ/11 effector pathways, YAP and PLCβ-ERK, was also investigated in this system, and thus showed that while activated YAP (YAPAA) induced UM with high potency, the patient-derived PLC4 mutation (PLCB4D630Y) very rarely yielded UM tumors in the tp53M214K/M214K context. Remarkably, mitfa deficiency was profoundly UM promoting, dramatically accelerating the onset and progression of tumors induced by Tg(GNAQQ209L);tp53M214K/M214K or Tg(CYSLTR2L129Q);tp53M214K/M214K. Moreover, mitfa loss was sufficient to cooperate with GNAQQ209L to drive tp53-wildtype UM development, and allowed Tg(PLCB4D630Y);tp53M214K/M214K melanocyte lineage cells to readily form tumors. Notably, all of the mitfa-/- UM tumors, including those arising in Tg(mitfa:PLCB4D630Y);tp53M214K/M214K;mitfa-/- fish, displayed nuclear YAP while lacking hyperactive ERK indicative of PLCβ signaling. Collectively, these data show that YAP signaling is the major mediator of UM, and that MITF acts as bona fide tumor suppressor in UM, in direct opposition to its essential role in CM.
2022-04-27 | GSE190802 | GEO
Project description:MITF deficiency accelerates GNAQ-driven uveal melanoma
| PRJNA788496 | ENA
Project description:MicroRNAs are 18-23 nucleotide non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression in a sequence specific manner. Little is known about the repertoire and function of miRNAs in melanoma or the melanocytic lineage. We therefore undertook a comprehensive analysis of the miRNAome in a diverse range of pigment cells including: melanoblasts, melanocytes, congenital nevocytes, acral, mucosal, cutaneous and uveal melanoma cells. We sequenced 12 small RNA libraries using Illumina's GAII platform. This massively parallel sequencing approach revealed a total of 539 known mature and mature-star sequences, along with the prediction of 389 novel miRNA candidates. Using the relative proportion of the total unique read counts against total number of reads, hierarchal clustering of all novel candidates plus known miRNAs gave good separation of the different histological subtypes. Some of the novel miRNAs may be specific to the melanocytic lineage and as such could be used as biomarkers to assist in the early detection of distant metastasises by measuring the circulating levels in blood. Follow up studies of the functional roles of these pigment cell miRNAs and the identification of their targets should shed further light on their role in the development and progression of melanoma. Illumina GAII deep sequencing of 12 melanoma and pigment cell lines
2010-03-22 | E-GEOD-18381 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:The goals of this study are to compare gene expression profiles between uveal melanoma cells treated with either a scrambled antisense oligonucleotide (NTC) or a SAMMSON inhibiting ASO wether or not in combination with mTOR inhibitor GDC-0349. GDC-0349 synergizes with SAMMSON ASO to further reduce cell viability. Based on the RNA seq data, we observed only a limited number of DEGs in the GDC-0349 treated cells, while the number of DEGs in the combination significantly increased compared to SAMMSON ASO alone with many overlapping genes showing a more pronounced log2foldchange.
2022-09-24 | GSE184685 | GEO
Project description:Purpose: The clinical use of MEK inhibitors in uveal melanoma is limited by the rapid acquisition of resistance. The current study has used multi-omics approaches and drug screens to identify the pan-HDAC inhibitor panobinostat as an effective strategy to limit MEK inhibitor resistance. Experimental Design: Mass spectrometry-based proteomics and RNA-Seq was used to identify the signaling pathways involved in the escape of uveal melanoma cells from MEK inhibitor therapy. Mechanistic studies were performed to evaluate the escape pathways identified and the efficacy of the MEK-HDAC inhibitor combination was demonstrated in multiple in vivo xenograft models of uveal melanoma. Results: We identified a number of putative escape pathways that were upregulated following MEK inhibition including the PI3K/AKT pathway, ROR1/2 and IGF1R signaling. MEK inhibition was also associated with a widespread increase in GPCR expression, particularly the Endothelin B receptor and that this contributed to therapeutic escape through YAP signaling. A screen of 289 clinical grade compounds identified HDAC inhibitors as potential candidates that suppressed the adaptive YAP and AKT signaling that followed MEK inhibition. In vivo xenograft studies revealed the MEK-HDAC inhibitor combination to outperform either agent alone, leading to a long-term decrease of tumor growth and the suppression of adaptive PI3K/AKT and YAP signaling. Conclusions Together our studies have identified GPCR-mediated YAP activation and RTK-driven AKT signaling as key pathways involved in the escape of uveal melanoma cells from MEK inhibition. We further demonstrate that HDAC inhibition is a promising combination partner for MEK inhibitors in uveal melanoma.
2020-05-26 | PXD013988 | Pride
Project description:Metastatic uveal melanomas are highly resistant to all existing treatments. To address this critical issue, we performed a genome-wide CRISPR-Cas9 knockout screen, which revealed the LKB1-SIK2 module in restraining uveal melanoma tumorigenesis. Functionally, LKB1 loss enhances proliferation and survival through SIK2 inhibition and up-regulation of the sodium/calcium (Na+/Ca2+) exchanger SLC8A1. This signalling cascade promotes increased level of intracellular calcium and mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, two hallmarks of cancer. We further demonstrate that combination of an SLC8A1 inhibitor and a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant promotes enhanced cell death efficacy in LKB1- and SIK2-negative uveal melanoma cells compared to control cells. We also designed an LKB1-deficient prognostic gene signature of patient survival that may be predictive of response to this combination. Our data thus identify not only metabolic vulnerabilities, but also new prognostic markers, thereby providing a therapeutic strategy for particular subtypes of metastatic uveal melanoma.
2024-05-25 | GSE233458 | GEO