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GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo

ABSTRACT: This SuperSeries is composed of the SubSeries listed below.

ORGANISM(S): Drosophila melanogaster

PROVIDER: GSE152773 | GEO | 2021/03/03

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo.

Project description:Following fertilization, the genomes of the germ cells are reprogrammed to form the totipotent embryo. Pioneer transcription factors are essential for remodeling the chromatin and driving the initial wave of zygotic gene expression. In Drosophila melanogaster, the pioneer factor Zelda is essential for development through this dramatic period of reprogramming, known as the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT). However, it was unknown whether additional pioneer factors were required for this transition. We identified an additional maternally encoded factor required for development through the MZT, GAGA Factor (GAF). GAF is necessary to activate widespread zygotic transcription and to remodel the chromatin accessibility landscape. We demonstrated that Zelda preferentially controls expression of the earliest transcribed genes, while genes expressed during widespread activation are predominantly dependent on GAF. Thus, progression through the MZT requires coordination of multiple pioneer-like factors, and we propose that as development proceeds control is gradually transferred from Zelda to GAF.

| S-EPMC8079149 | biostudies-literature

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [RNA-seq]

Project description:Following fertilization, the genomes of the germ cells are reprogrammed to form the totipotent embryo. Pioneer transcription factors are essential for remodeling the chromatin and driving the initial wave of zygotic gene expression. In Drosophila melanogaster, the pioneer factor Zelda is essential for development through this dramatic period of reprogramming, known as the maternal- to-zygotic transition (MZT). However, it was unknown whether additional pioneer factors were required for this transition. We identified an additional maternally encoded factor required for development through the MZT, GAGA Factor (GAF). GAF is necessary to activate widespread zygotic transcription and to remodel the chromatin accessibility landscape. We demonstrated that Zelda preferentially controls expression of the earliest transcribed genes, while genes expressed during widespread activation are predominantly dependent on GAF. Thus, progression through the MZT requires coordination of multiple pioneer-like factors, and we propose that as development proceeds control is gradually transferred from Zelda to GAF.

2021-03-03 | GSE152772 | GEO

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ATAC-seq]

2021-03-03 | GSE152771 | GEO

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ChIP-seq]

2021-03-03 | GSE152770 | GEO

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo

Project description:GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo

| PRJNA640375 | ENA

STAT is an essential activator of the zygotic genome in the early Drosophila embryo.

Project description:In many organisms, transcription of the zygotic genome begins during the maternal-to-zygotic transition (MZT), which is characterized by a dramatic increase in global transcriptional activities and coincides with embryonic stem cell differentiation. In Drosophila, it has been shown that maternal morphogen gradients and ubiquitously distributed general transcription factors may cooperate to upregulate zygotic genes that are essential for pattern formation in the early embryo. Here, we show that Drosophila STAT (STAT92E) functions as a general transcription factor that, together with the transcription factor Zelda, induces transcription of a large number of early-transcribed zygotic genes during the MZT. STAT92E is present in the early embryo as a maternal product and is active around the MZT. DNA-binding motifs for STAT and Zelda are highly enriched in promoters of early zygotic genes but not in housekeeping genes. Loss of Stat92E in the early embryo, similarly to loss of zelda, preferentially down-regulates early zygotic genes important for pattern formation. We further show that STAT92E and Zelda synergistically regulate transcription. We conclude that STAT92E, in conjunction with Zelda, plays an important role in transcription of the zygotic genome at the onset of embryonic development.

| S-EPMC3102735 | biostudies-literature

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [RNA-seq]

Project description:GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [RNA-seq]

| PRJNA640379 | ENA

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ChIP-seq]

Project description:GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ChIP-seq]

| PRJNA640381 | ENA

GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ATAC-seq]

Project description:GAF is essential for zygotic genome activation and chromatin accessibility in the early Drosophila embryo [ATAC-seq]

| PRJNA640380 | ENA

Unmasking activation of the zygotic genome using chromosomal deletions in the Drosophila embryo.

Project description:During the maternal-to-zygotic transition, a developing embryo integrates post-transcriptional regulation of maternal mRNAs with transcriptional activation of its own genome. By combining chromosomal ablation in Drosophila with microarray analysis, we characterized the basis of this integration. We show that the expression profile for at least one third of zygotically active genes is coupled to the concomitant degradation of the corresponding maternal mRNAs. The embryo uses transcription and degradation to generate localized patterns of expression, and zygotic transcription to degrade distinct classes of maternal transcripts. Although degradation does not appear to involve a simple regulatory code, the activation of the zygotic genome starts from intronless genes sharing a common cis-element. This cis-element interacts with a single protein, the Bicoid stability factor, and acts as a potent enhancer capable of timing the activity of an exogenous transactivator. We propose that this regulatory mode links morphogen gradients with temporal regulation during the maternal-to-zygotic transition.

| S-EPMC1854917 | biostudies-literature

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