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Metabolic and transcriptome responses of RNAi-mediated AMPKα knockdown in Tribolium castaneum

ABSTRACT: Background: The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an intracellular fuel sensor for lipid and glucose metabolism. In addition to the short-term regulation of metabolic enzymes by phosphorylation, AMPK may also exert long-term effects on the transcription of downstream genes through the regulation of transcription factors and coactivators. In this study, RNA interference (RNAi) was conducted to investigate the effects of knockdown of TcAMPKα on lipid and carbohydrate metabolism in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum, and the transcriptome profiles of dsTcAMPKα-injected and dsEGFP-injected beetles under normal conditions were compared by RNA-sequencing. Results: RNAi-mediated suppression of TcAMPKα increased whole-body triglyceride (TG) level and the ratio between glucose and trehalose, as was confirmed by in vivo treatment with the AMPK-activating compound, 5-Aminoimidazole-4-carboxamide1-β-D-ribofuranoside (AICAR). A total of 1184 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified between dsTcAMPKα-injected and dsEGFP-injected beetles. These include genes involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism as well as insulin/insulin-like growth factor signaling (IIS). Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed the differential expression of selected genes. Interestingly, metabolism-related transcription factors such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and carbohydrate response element-binding protein (ChREBP) were also significantly upregulated in dsTcAMPKα-injected beetles. Conclusions: AMPK plays a critical role in the regulation of beetle metabolism. The findings of DEGs involved in lipid and carbohydrate metabolism provide valuable insight into the role of AMPK signaling in the transcriptional regulation of insect metabolism.

ORGANISM(S): Tribolium castaneum

PROVIDER: GSE155634 | GEO | 2020/08/04

REPOSITORIES: GEO

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Project description:Identification and validation of the pathways and functions regulated by the orphan nuclear receptor, ROR alpha1, in skeletal muscle The retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor (ROR) alpha has been demonstrated to regulate lipid metabolism. We were interested in the physiologically relevant roles, and pathways regulated by RORalpha1 action in skeletal muscle. This major mass organ accounts for ~40% of the total body mass, and significant levels of lipid catabolism, glucose disposal and energy expenditure. We utilized the strategy of targeted muscle specific expression of a truncated (dominant negative) RORalphaâDE in transgenic mice, to investigate RORalpha1 signalling (and function) in this peripheral tissue. Expression profiling and pathway analysis indicated that RORalpha regulated genes involved in: (i) lipid and carbohydrate metabolism, cardiovascular and metabolic disease; and (ii) the LXR nuclear receptor signaling pathway and, (iii) the Akt and AMPK signaling cascades. This analysis was extensively validated by rigorous qPCR analysis using TaqMan Low Density Arrays, coupled to rigorous statistical analysis (with Empirical Bayes, and Benjamini-Hochberg). Moreover, westerns and metabolic profiling were utilized to validate the genes, proteins and pathways (lipogenic, Akt, AMPK and fatty acid oxidation) involved in the regulation of metabolism by RORalph1. The identified genes and pathways were in concordance with the demonstration of hyperglycemia, glucose intolerance, attenuated insulin stimulated phosphorylation of Akt, and impaired glucose uptake in the transgenic heterozygous Tg-RORalphaâDE animals. In conclusion, we propose that RORalpha1 is involved in regulating the Akt2-AMPK signalling pathways in the context of lipid homeostasis in skeletal muscle. Total RNA was compared from quadriceps femoris of both transgenic and wild type mice. Transgenic mice contained a truncated version of human RORalpha1 (RORalpha1delDE) where the entire E region and part of the hinge/D region have been removed. This transgene is driven by a skeletal muscle specific human skeletal alpha-actin (HSA) promoter.

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Metabolic and transcriptome responses of RNAi-mediated AMPKα knockdown in Tribolium castaneum

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