Peroxisomal retrograde signaling in C. elegans
Ontology highlight
ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Caenorhabditis elegans
PROVIDER: GSE156318 | GEO | 2020/12/19
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:While retrograde signalling pathways have been identified for several organelles, the existence of such a pathway for peroxisomes remains elusive. We identified a peroxisomal retrograde signalling (PRS) in C. elegans, which is activated in response to peroxisomal import stress. We analyzed the PRS using a proteomic approach.
2021-01-11 | PXD014720 | Pride
Project description:Peroxisomal retrograde signaling in C. elegans
| PRJNA657442 | ENA
Project description:Peroxisome biogenesis diseases (PBDs) are characterized by global defects in peroxisomal function and can result in severe brain, liver, kidney, and bone malfunctions. PBDs are due to mutations in peroxisome biogenesis factors (PEX genes) that are responsible for peroxisome assembly and function. Increasing evidence suggests that peroxisome import functions decline during aging. However, the transcriptome profiling of peroxisome import defects and how they affect disease development are still lacking. PEX5 encodes the cytoplasmic receptors for peroxisome-targeting signal types 1. We generate knock-in human HEK293 cells mutant using CRISPR to transiently express PEX5 cysteine 11 to alanine mutant (PEX5C11A), which blocks PEX5 recycling and exerts dominant negative effect on PEX5 mediated peroxisome import. To identify conserved responses, we perform transcriptomic analysis on Drosophila oenocyte-specific Pex1, Pex12 and Pex5 knockdowns and on human cells with impaired peroxisome import (through expressing PEX5C11A and applying PEX5 siRNA respectively). PEX5C11A induction triggers vast transcriptomic changes, including decreased oxidative phosphorylation, increased MAPK signaling and HIPPO signaling. PEX5 siRNA specifically decreases spliceosome activity and increases cholesterol metabolism. Using gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA), we identify protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum pathway, specifically ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway is induced in all PEX knockdowns in Drosophila. Peroxisome dysfunction elevates eIF2α phosphorylation in both Drosophila and human cell culture independent of XBP1 activation, suggesting increased integrative stress response (ISR). Moreover, peroxisome stress decreases ribosome biogenesis genes and impairs ribosome biogenesis in flies and human cells. Specifically, peroxisome stress impairs the 5'-ETS cleavage activity during the ribosome biogenesis and dampens 40S small ribosomal export in both flies and human. Our results suggest that reduced ribosome biogenesis and elevated ISR could be conserved cellular response to peroxisome import stress.
2021-02-23 | GSE167197 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomes are organelles that are crucial for cellular metabolism. However, these organelles play also important roles in non-metabolic processes, such as signalling. To uncover the consequences of peroxisome deficiency, we compared two extremes, namely Saccharomyces cerevisiae wild-type and pex3 cells, which lack functional peroxisomes, employing transcriptomics and quantitative proteomics technology. Cells were grown on acetate, a carbon source that involves peroxisomal enzymes of the glyoxylate cycle and does not repress peroxisomal proteins. Transcripts of peroxisomal β-oxidation genes and the corresponding proteins were enhanced in pex3 cells. Peroxisome-deficiency also caused reduced levels of membrane bound peroxins, while the soluble receptors Pex5 and Pex7 were enhanced at the protein level. In addition, we observed alterations in non-peroxisomal transcripts and proteins, especially mitochondrial proteins involved in respiration or import processes. Our results not only reveal the impact of the absence of peroxisomes in yeast, but also represent a rich resource of candidate genes/proteins that are relevant in peroxisome biology.
2024-05-01 | GSE261289 | GEO
Project description:Chronic lung diseases significantly impact the aging population globally, but their etiology is largely unknown, and the therapeutic options are minimal. Cellular senescence has been increasingly recognized as an essential driving mechanism for chronic lung diseases. Remodeling in subcellular compartments is commonly observed in senescent cells, which reciprocally regulates the senescent progression. Roles of peroxisomes in cellular senescence have been documented, but the molecular mechanisms for this regulation remain poorly understood. Here, we showed that the peroxisome pathway and the shuttling receptor PEX5 are downregulated during replicative and oxidative senescence in human fetal lung fibroblast 1 (HFL-1) cells. PEX5 knockdown can induce senescence via transcriptional suppression of LAMP1 and autophagic flux. Further study revealed that activation of the p38 MAPK signaling pathway and subsequent nuclear localization of transcription factor EB (TFEB) are the significant retrograde signals contributing to the PEX5 regulation of cellular senescence. Metabolomics analysis identified a substantial increase in taurine levels in cells with PEX5 overexpression. Reciprocally, treatment of cells with taurine enhanced PEX5 levels in the senescent HFL-1 cells and the lungs of aged mice and alleviated senescence, suggesting the presence of a taurine-dependent response in PEX5 regulation of cellular senescence. Collectively, our findings provided new insights into the peroxisomal regulation of cellular senescence by integrating the p38 MAPK retrograde signaling pathway and taurine metabolism, which may help develop anti-aging strategies to treat chronic lung diseases.
2024-04-16 | GSE263751 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomes are ubiquitous organelles that house various metabolic reactions and are essential for human health. Luminal peroxisomal proteins are imported from the cytosol by mobile receptors, which then recycle back to the cytosol by a poorly understood process. Recycling requires receptor modification by a membrane-embedded ubiquitin ligase complex comprised of three RING finger (RF) domain-containing proteins (Pex2, Pex10, and Pex12). Here, we report a cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of the ligase complex, which together with biochemical and in vivo experiments reveals its function as a retro-translocon for peroxisomal import receptors. Each subunit of the complex contributes five transmembrane segments that co-assemble into an open channel. The three RFs form a cytosolic tower, with RF2 positioned above the channel pore. We propose that the N-terminus of a recycling receptor is inserted from the peroxisomal lumen into the pore and modified by RF2 to enable extraction into the cytosol. If recycling is compromised, receptors are polyubiquitinated by the concerted action of RF10 and RF12 and degraded. This polyubiquitination pathway also maintains the homeostasis of other peroxisomal import factors. Our results clarify a crucial step during peroxisomal protein import and reveal why mutations in the ligase complex cause human disease.
2022-07-20 | PXD031792 | Pride
Project description:Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that help cells specialize their metabolism. In humans, peroxisomes are required for normal development, yet the genes regulating peroxisome function remain unclear. Thus, we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify novel factors involved in peroxisomal homeostasis. We found that transcriptional inhibition of RNF146, an E3 ligase activated by poly(ADP-ribose), dramatically reduced the import of proteins into peroxisomes. The observed RNF146-mediated loss of peroxisome import depended on the stabilization and activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase tankyrase, which binds the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14. We propose a model in which RNF146 and tankyrase regulate peroxisome import efficiency by tuning PARsylation of proteins at the peroxisome membrane. Interestingly, we found that perturbations to peroxisomes altered tankyrase’s selection of substrates, including the beta-catenin destruction complex component AXIN1. The loss of peroxisomes caused tankyrase and RNF146-dependent degradation of AXIN1 and a concomitant increase of beta-catenin transcription. Together, these observations not only suggest previously undescribed roles for RNF146 in peroxisomal regulation, but also a novel role in bridging peroxisome function with Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during development.
2024-06-01 | GSE266855 | GEO
Project description:Peroxisomes are membrane-bound organelles that help cells specialize their metabolism. In humans, peroxisomes are required for normal development, yet the genes regulating peroxisome function remain unclear. Thus, we performed a genome-wide CRISPRi screen to identify novel factors involved in peroxisomal homeostasis. We found that transcriptional inhibition of RNF146, an E3 ligase activated by poly(ADP-ribose), dramatically reduced the import of proteins into peroxisomes. The observed RNF146-mediated loss of peroxisome import depended on the stabilization and activity of the poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase tankyrase, which binds the peroxisomal membrane protein PEX14. We propose a model in which RNF146 and tankyrase regulate peroxisome import efficiency by tuning PARsylation of proteins at the peroxisome membrane. Interestingly, we found that perturbations to peroxisomes altered tankyrase’s selection of substrates, including the beta-catenin destruction complex component AXIN1. The loss of peroxisomes caused tankyrase and RNF146-dependent degradation of AXIN1 and a concomitant increase of beta-catenin transcription. Together, these observations not only suggest previously undescribed roles for RNF146 in peroxisomal regulation, but also a novel role in bridging peroxisome function with Wnt/beta-catenin signaling during development.
2024-06-01 | GSE266892 | GEO
Project description:Study of the effect of cadmium on KO and overexpressor mutants of glycolate oxidase-GOX2, which is one of the main sources of H202 from peroxisomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) act as secondary messengers that can be sensed by specific redox sensitive proteins responsible for the activation of signal transduction culminating in altered gene expression. ROS, which are involved in different activities, elicit a wide range of protein modifications, which might elicit different gene expressions. The subcellular site, in which modifications in ROS/oxidation state occur, can also act as a specific cellular redox network signal. The chemical identity of ROS and their subcellular origin actually is a specific imprint on the transcriptome response. In recent years, a number of transcriptomic studies related to altered ROS metabolism in plant peroxisomes have been carried out. In this study, we made a meta-analysis of these transcriptomic findings to identify common transcriptional footprints for plant peroxisomal-dependent signaling at early and later time points. These footprints highlight the regulation of various metabolic pathways and gene families, which are also found in plant responses to several abiotic stresses. Major peroxisomal-dependent genes are associated with protein and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) protection at later stages of stress while, at earlier stages, these genes are related to hormone biosynthesis and signaling regulation. Further, in silico analyses allowed us to assign human orthologs to some of the peroxisomal-dependent genes, which are mainly associated with different cancer types pathologies. Peroxisomal footprints provide a valuable resource for assessing and supporting key peroxisomal functions in cellular metabolism under control and stress conditions across species.
2022-09-20 | GSE199325 | GEO
Project description:Import of yeast peroxisomal matrix proteins is initiated by cytosolic receptors, which specifically recognize and bind the respective cargo proteins. At the peroxisomal membrane, the cargo-loaded receptor interacts with the membrane docking complex, composed of Pex14p, Pex17p and Pex13p. Previous data suggest that this interaction triggers the formation of an import pore for further translocation of the cargo. The mechanistic principles and the underlying mechanism are however unclear, mainly because structures of higher order assemblies are still lacking. Here, using an integrative approach, we provide the first structural characterization of the major components of the peroxisomal docking complex Pex14p/Pex17p, in a native bilayer environment and reveal its subunit organization. Our data show that three copies of Pex14p and a single copy of Pex17p assemble to form a 20 nm rod-like particle. The different subunits are arranged in a parallel manner, showing interactions along their complete sequences and providing receptor binding-sites on both membrane sides. The long rod facing the cytosol is mainly formed by the coiled-coil domains of Pex14p and Pex17p, possibly providing the necessary structural support for the formation of the import pore. Further implications of Pex14p/Pex17p for formation of the peroxisomal translocon are discussed.
2020-12-16 | PXD016304 | Pride