The effect of pyruvate starvation under normal- and high-glucose conditions
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ABSTRACT:
ORGANISM(S): Mus musculus
PROVIDER: GSE156433 | GEO | 2021/09/29
REPOSITORIES: GEO
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Project description:The effect of pyruvate starvation under normal- and high-glucose conditions
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Project description:Pyruvate fermentation pathway and energetics of Desulfovibrio alaskensis strain G20 under syntrophic coculture and fermentative monoculture conditions Expression data for Desulfovibrio alaskensis strain G20 grown in chemostats on pyruvate under respiratory conditions (sulfate-limited and pyruvate-limited monoculture, dilution rate 0.047 and 0.027 h-1), fermentative conditions (monoculture, dilution rate 0.036 h-1), and syntrophic conditions (coculture with Methanococcus maripaludis or Methanospirillum hungatei, dilution rate of 0.047 and 0.027 h-1)
2013-12-12 | GSE53226 | GEO
Project description:Pyruvate fermentation pathway and energetics of Desulfovibrio alaskensis strain G20 under syntrophic coculture and fermentative monoculture conditions Expression data for Desulfovibrio alaskensis strain G20 grown in chemostats on pyruvate under respiratory conditions (sulfate-limited and pyruvate-limited monoculture, dilution rate 0.047 and 0.027 h-1), fermentative conditions (monoculture, dilution rate 0.036 h-1), and syntrophic conditions (coculture with Methanococcus maripaludis or Methanospirillum hungatei, dilution rate of 0.047 and 0.027 h-1) 2 replicates each for syntrophic coculture (M. maripaludis or M. hungatei pairing) and respiratory (sulfate- or pyruvate-limited) monoculture for both growth rates (0.027 and 0.047 h-1), and 4 replicates fermentative monoculture (gas flow rate through head space of bioreactor 10 ml/min (chemostats C91 and C93) or 1 ml/min (chemostats C92 and C94)
2013-12-12 | E-GEOD-53226 | biostudies-arrayexpress
Project description:Pyruvate functions as a key molecule in energy production and as an antioxidant. The efficacy of pyruvate supplementation in diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy has been shown in animal models; however, its significance in the functional maintenance of neurons and Schwann cells under diabetic conditions remains unknown. We observed rapid and extensive cell death under high-glucose (> 10 mM) and pyruvate-starved conditions. Exposure of Schwann cells to these conditions led to a significant decrease in glycolytic flux, mitochondrial respiration and ATP production, accompanied by enhanced collateral glycolysis pathways (e.g., polyol pathway). Cell death could be prevented by supplementation with 2-oxoglutarate (a TCA cycle intermediate), benfotiamine (the vitamin B1 derivative that suppresses the collateral pathways), or the poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitor, rucaparib. Our findings suggest that exogenous pyruvate plays a pivotal role in maintaining glycolysis-TCA cycle flux and ATP production under high-glucose conditions by suppressing PARP activity.
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Project description:Mycobacterium tuberculosis has specialised its metabolism to reside extra- and intra-cellularly in the human host. Nutrient availability and their concentrations can vary dramatically in these niches. Lactate is abundant during infection and it is an important signalling molecule regulating the immune response. In addition, lactate is abundant in blood, epithelial mucosa and a number of other relevant compartments in the host. Interestingly, previous studies have demonstrated that lactate and one of its possible first degradation products, pyruvate, allow superior growth compared to glucose and fatty acids in vitro for M. tuberculosis. Based on this information, we performed a "multi-omics" investigation to study the metabolism of pyruvate and lactate in M. tuberculosis. We employed TraDIS, transcriptomics, proteomics and stable isotopic labelling coupled with mass spectrometry-based metabolomics. Our studies reveal the structure of M. tuberculosis metabolic network associated with catabolism of pyruvate and lactate. Together these findings lead us to reconsider some well-accepted "truths" on carbon metabolism in M. tuberculosis.
2019-11-25 | GSE116859 | GEO
Project description:Recently identified spontaneous mutants of major glucose-PTS (manLMNO) in stocks of Streptococcus sanguinis SK36 showed enhanced fitness in low-pH environment. Transcriptomic and metabolomic analyses of the manL mutant (SK36/manL) revealed redirection of pyruvate from production of lactate to acetate for extra energy extraction, resulting in excretion of greater amounts of pyruvate and H2O2, and increased expression of multiple alkali-generating activities. Genes showing increased expression in SK36/manL also included several carbohydrate transporters, putative extracellular glycosidases, intracellular polysaccharide (IPS) locus, pathways for catabolism of acetoin, ethanolamine, ascorbate, and formate, genes required for membrane biosynthesis, and those for motility and attachment.
2022-07-28 | GSE209672 | GEO
Project description:suppression of Pyruvate carboxylase
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Project description:Bacterial cells evolved under prolonged stress often have a growth advantage in stationary phase (GASP); we expect GASP cells to maintain a proliferative state and dominate wild-type cells during starvation, especially when nutrients are limited and the medium has been conditioned. However, when we compete GASP mutants against wild-type cells in a chain of microfluidic microhabitat patches (MHPs) with alternating nutrient-rich and nutrient-limited regions, we observe the reverse effect: wild-type cells achieve maximum relative density under nutrient-limited conditions, while GASP cells dominate nutrient-rich regions. We explain this surprising observation in terms of ideal free distributions, where we show that wild-type cells maximize their fitness at high cell density by redistributing themselves to sparsely populated MHPs. At the microscopic level, we describe how biofilm formation also contributes to the population redistribution. We conclude by discussing the implications of these results for social interactions of more complex organisms.
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Project description:Glucose as a source of energy is centrally important to our understanding of life. We investigated the cell division-quiescence behavior of the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe under a wide range of glucose concentrations (0-111 mM). The mode of S. pombe cell division under a microfluidic perfusion system was surprisingly normal under highly diluted glucose concentrations (5.6 mM, 1/20 of the standard medium, within human blood sugar levels). Division became stochastic, accompanied by a curious division-timing inheritance, in 2.2-4.4 mM glucose. A critical transition from division to quiescence occurred within a narrow range of concentrations (2.2-1.7 mM). Under starvation (1.1 mM) conditions, cells were mostly quiescent and only a small population of cells divided. Under fasting (0 mM) conditions, division was immediately arrested with a short chronological lifespan (16 h). When cells were first glucose starved prior to fasting, they possessed a substantially extended lifespan (∼14 days). We employed a quantitative metabolomic approach for S. pombe cell extracts, and identified specific metabolites (e.g. biotin, trehalose, ergothioneine, S-adenosyl methionine and CDP-choline), which increased or decreased at different glucose concentrations, whereas nucleotide triphosphates, such as ATP, maintained high concentrations even under starvation. Under starvation, the level of S-adenosyl methionine increased sharply, accompanied by an increase in methylated amino acids and nucleotides. Under fasting, cells rapidly lost antioxidant and energy compounds, such as glutathione and ATP, but, in fasting cells after starvation, these and other metabolites ensuring longevity remained abundant. Glucose-starved cells became resistant to 40 mM H(2)O(2) as a result of the accumulation of antioxidant compounds.
2017-07-06 | MTBLS316 | MetaboLights
Project description:A hallmark of the biofilm architecture is the presence of microcolonies. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms governing microcolony formation. In the human pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa, microcolony formation is dependent on the two-component regulator MifR, with mifR mutant biofilms exhibiting an overall thin structure lacking microcolonies, and overexpression of mifR resulting in hyper-microcolony formation. Here, we made use of the distinct MifR-dependent phenotypes to elucidate mechanisms associated with microcolony formation. Using global transcriptomic and proteomic approaches, we demonstrate that cells located within microcolonies experience stressful, oxygen limited, and energy starving conditions, as indicated by the activation of stress response mechanisms and anaerobic and fermentative processes, in particular pyruvate fermentation. Inactivation of genes involved in pyruvate utilization including uspK, acnA and ldhA abrogated microcolony formation in a manner similar to mifR inactivation. Moreover, depletion of pyruvate from the growth medium impaired biofilm and microcolony formation, while addition of pyruvate significantly increased microcolony formation. Addition of pyruvate partly restored microcolony formation in ∆mifR biofilms. Moreover, addition of pyruvate to or expression of mifR in lactate dehydrogenase (ldhA) mutant biofilms did not restore microcolony formation. Consistent with the finding of denitrification genes not demonstrating distinct expression patterns in biofilms forming or lacking microcolonies, addition of nitrate did not alter microcolony formation. Our findings indicate the fermentative utilization of pyruvate to be a microcolony-specific adaptation to the oxygen limitation and energy starvation of the P. aeruginosa biofilm environment.
2012-05-01 | GSE35286 | GEO